Insights into Recent Advancements in Human and Animal Rotavirus Vaccines: Exploring New Frontiers.

Rotavirus infections cause severe gastroenteritis and dehydration in young children and animals worldwide, leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality, predominantly in low- and middle-income countries. In the past decade, substantial progress has been made in the development and implementation of rotavirus vaccines, which have been essential in alleviating the global burden of this disease, not only in human being but also in livestock species like calves and piglets, where these infections can cause significant economic losses. By synthesizing the latest research and real-world evidence, this review article is designated to provide deep insights into the current state of rotavirus vaccine technology and its global implementation as well as the application of rotavirus vaccines in veterinary settings and their importance in controlling zoonotic transmission and maintaining food security.

Prevalence and molecular characterization of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Egypt: a systematic review and meta-analysis of hospital and community-acquired infections.

Background: ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) represent a significant global health threat. In response to this growing concern and the lack of a surveillance system for ESBL-PE infections in Egypt, we conducted this meta-analysis. In this study, we aimed to quantify the prevalence of ESBL-PE based on the source of infection and characterize their molecular dissemination.

In-vitro and In-silico evaluation of antimicrobial and antibiofilm effect of Neem oil and Calcium hydroxide nanoparticles against Mutans Streptococci and Enterococcus faecalis isolated from endodontic infections.

Different Streptococcal species including Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus and Enterococcus faecalis are commonly isolated in root canal infections including refractory, recurrent, and persistent cases. Calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH)) has been widely used in endodontics as an intracanal medicament. However, using new antimicrobial herbal alternatives offers promising potentials which can be additionally enhanced by using nanoparticles (NPs).

Reduced vancomycin susceptibility in Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates: a spectrum of less investigated uncertainties.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates with vancomycin MICs of 2 µg/ml have been associated with vancomycin therapeutic failure and the heterogenous vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (hVISA) phenotype. While carriage of van genes has usually been associated with higher level of MIC and frank vancomycin resistance, the unrecognized risk of hetero-resistance is frequently underestimated.

Antimicrobial resistance of : navigating clinical impacts, current resistance trends, and innovations in breaking therapies.

, a Gram-negative bacterium, is recognized for its adaptability and opportunistic nature. It poses a substantial challenge in clinical settings due to its complicated antibiotic resistance mechanisms, biofilm formation, and capacity for persistent infections in both animal and human hosts. Recent studies revealed a potential zoonotic transmission of between animals, the environment, and human populations which highlights awareness of this microbe.

Global genomic epidemiology of chromosomally mediated non-enzymatic carbapenem resistance in : on the way to predict and modify resistance.

Introduction: Although carbapenemases are frequently reported in resistant clinical isolates, other chromosomally mediated elements of resistance that are considered essential are frequently underestimated. Having a wide substrate range, multidrug efflux pumps frequently underlie antibiotic treatment failure. Recognizing and exploiting variations in multidrug efflux pumps and penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) is an essential approach in new antibiotic drug discovery and engineering to meet the growing challenge of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.

Pangenome analysis of Corynebacterium striatum: insights into a neglected multidrug-resistant pathogen.

Background: Over the past two decades, Corynebacterium striatum has been increasingly isolated from clinical cultures with most isolates showing increased antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to last resort agents. Advances in the field of pan genomics would facilitate the understanding of the clinical significance of such bacterial species previously thought to be among commensals paving the way for identifying new drug targets and control strategies.

Methods: We constructed a pan-genome using 310 genome sequences of C.

Antimicrobial resistance and genotyping of isolated from the ear canals of dogs in Japan.

The strong bond between dogs and their owners creates a close association that could result in the transfer of antibiotic-resistant bacteria from canines to humans, potentially leading to the spread of antimicrobial resistance genes. , a common causative agent of persistent ear infections in dogs, is often resistant to multiple antibiotics. Assessing the antimicrobial resistance profile and genotype of is crucial for the appropriate use of veterinary pharmaceuticals.

Mining metagenomes reveals diverse antibiotic biosynthetic genes in uncultured microbial communities.

Pathogens resistant to antimicrobials form a significant threat to public health worldwide. Tackling multidrug-resistant pathogens via screening metagenomic libraries has become a common approach for the discovery of new antibiotics from uncultured microorganisms. This study focuses on capturing nonribosomal peptide synthase (NRPS) gene clusters implicated in the synthesis of many natural compounds of industrial relevance.

The predictive potential of different molecular markers linked to amikacin susceptibility phenotypes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Informed antibiotic prescription offers a practical solution to antibiotic resistance problem. With the increasing affordability of different sequencing technologies, molecular-based resistance prediction would direct proper antibiotic selection and preserve available agents. Amikacin is a broad-spectrum aminoglycoside exhibiting higher clinical efficacy and less resistance rates in Ps.

Novel Molecular Markers Linked to Epidemic High-Risk Clones.

The population structure of is panmictic-epidemic in nature, with the prevalence of some high-risk clones. These clones are often linked to virulence, antibiotic resistance, and more morbidity. The clonal success of these lineages has been linked to acquisition and spread of mobile genetic elements.

In vitro antimicrobial synergy studies of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from intensive care units of a tertiary care hospital in Egypt.

The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant and pan drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii as a cause of nosocomial infections has led to the need for the reassessment of novel combinations of antibiotics as our only current viable option for handling such infections until a new therapeutic option becomes available. Two of the most commonly used methods for testing antimicrobial synergy are the Time-kill assay method and the E-test method, and these were the methods used in this study. Antibiotic combinations tested in this study were azithromycin and polymyxin, tobramycin and polymyxin, polymyxin and rifampicin, and tobramycin and rifampicin.