In vitro culture of rabbit growth plate chondrocytes. 1. Age-dependence of response to fibroblast growth factor and "chondrocyte growth factor".

The growth-promoting effects of pituitary fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and "chondrocyte growth factor" (CGF), a contaminant of NIH-bovine TSH and ovine LH, were studied in monolayer and/or organ culture of epiphyseal plate chondrocytes of rabbits 1 day to 10 weeks old. The response to FGF (50 ng/ml) and CGF(TSH) and CGF(LH) (64 micrograms/ml) was age-dependent. In cultures from animals aged 4 weeks or older, the growth factors consistently stimulated DNA synthesis while decreasing incorporation of radiosulfate into matrix macromolecules.

Increase in coagulation factor VIII activity in man following acute hypoglycaemia: mediation via an adrenergic mechanism.

Coagulation factor VIII activity has been assayed in nine normal volunteers before and after acute hypoglycaemia. In all subjects there was a rise in activity with a mean increment of 96%. Control studies using saline failed to demonstrate any change.

Angular invariants in developing human mandibles.

Recent studies of lateral cephalograms based on symmetric-axis analyses of the mandibular border yield angles that appear to be uninfluenced by gross changes in mandibular shape over age and between individuals.

Clinical evaluation of a prototype intraoral source x-ray system.

A prototype dental roentgenographic system which incorporates a tightly collimated intraoral x-ray source and an extraoral Polaroid film screen cassette was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Findings indicate that the detectability of artificially induced incipient enamel lesions was significantly less than that demonstrable for conventional roentgenograms produced with an extraoral source, long-cone geometry, and Kodak Ultra Speed D film. Larger lesions were found to be reliably detected by either technique.

Sealing quality of a temporary filling material.

Endodontic access cavities were prepared in forty extracted human teeth. The access cavities were obturated with Cavit and tested for leakage with methylene blue. The data suggested that at least a 3.

beta-thromboglobulin and deep vein thrombosis.

The measurement of plasma beta-thromboglobulin as a potential diagnostic test for venous thrombosis has been investigated in 16 normal volunteers, 24 patients presenting with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism and 46 patients screened by 125I fibrinogen test (IFT) for post-operative DVT. The normal mean was 33 ng/ml (range 15-117 ng/ml). Of the 24 patients with clinical thrombotic disease 22 presented with DVT confirmed by phlebogram or IFT and 2 presented with embolism confirmed by lung scan.

Serum protein analysis and bone marrow cytology in patients with an extreme elevation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

One hundred patients in whom an Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) in excess of 100 mm. in the first hour was found on 2 consecutive occasions were investigated. Serum protein electrophoresis was performed on 96 of these patients and bone marrow examination on 55 patients.

Some aspects of the historical development of the autonomic nervous system.

On the occasion of the twentieth anniversary of the death of Albert Kuntz (1879--1957), it is fitting that his great accomplishments be remembered. Present knowledge of the autonomic nervous system has been acquired and recorded over a long period of time. The contributions have been made by many investigators, from the crude observations of the early workers to the refinements and techniques of modern day scientists.

Species differences in cell culture of mammalian articular chondrocytes.

Articular chondrocytes from eight mammalian species (rabbit, opossum, woodchuck, cat, dog, sheep, rhesus and cebus monkeys) were grown in monolayer culture using a single regimen. The animals were immature or young adults. Ham's F12 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum was employed for the primary cultures and Dulbecco-Vogt medium, for the secondary.

A nonlinear model for predicting radiographic contrast.

A computerized model has been developed which permits ideal maximum radiographic contrast, associated with clinically meaningful changes in x-ray attenuation for any combination of tissues, to be predicted from the spectral energy of the primary beam and the characteristics of the film. Results suggest that these factors influence available contrast in ways which depend on the specific diagnostic task to be accomplished. Hence, it appears that no single technique is optimal for all tissue configurations.

A Collaborative Study to Determine the Feasibility of Using 0.40-, 0.20-, 0.14-, and 0.10-Inch-Diameter Discs to Measure Sediment in Fluid Milk.

This collaborative study was done to determine whether laboratory personnel could successfully grade raw milk for sediment content using 0.40-, 0.20-, 0.

The natural decline of Wuchereria bancrofti infection in a vector control situation in the Solomon Islands.

In a situation where filariasis and malaria are transmitted by the same vector, as seen here in the Solomon Islands, the Malaria Eradication Programme aimed at controlling the vector, was found to have an effect on both diseases. In an area of Choiseul island first surveyed by the author in 1970, three follow-up surveys were conducted--in 1974, 1975 and 1976. These showed a progressive decrease in persons infected.

Radiographic spatial frequencies essential to the diagnosis of incipient interproximal lesions.

The effects of fixed pattern noise on the interpretation of dental radiographs containing known lesions suggest that reliable detection of incipient interproximal caries is influenced by the spatial frequency of information visibly displayed. Frequencies less than the limiting resolution of existinta also permit demonstration that significantly less resolution is required horizontally than vertically to achieve a criterion level of diagnostic accuracy. These findings are consistent with the notion that accurate diagnosis may be possible with less resolution than is currently produced by conventional bitewing radiographic techniques.

Plasma fibrinolysis and postoperative deep vein thrombosis.

In 23 high risk patients the change in plasminogen activator activity in response to surgical operation was studied by euglobulin lysis time (ELT) and fibrin plate lysis before, during and for up to 6 days following a major surgical procedure. Fibrin degradation products (FDP) were also measured. The aim was to relate any changes to postoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) as diagnosed by the 125I fibrinogen test.

Radiographic detectability of occipital and temporal-parietal fractures induced in cadaver heads.

Diagnostic performance based on a double-blind evaluation of test and control radiographs produced from nine different fractured cadaver skulls was compiled for six radiologists. The data resulting from two different diagnostic tasks were analyzed statistically for accuracy and confirmed interpretability including an assessment of task-related performance differences. Performance was found to be relatively independent of differences among radiologists and lesion location.

Anatomical study of the cervical sympathetic trunk and ganglia in the albino rat (Mus norvegicus albinus).

Nine adult albino rats of both sexes were studied. 16 sympathetic trunks and ganglia were dissected in detail in eight rats. The right and left superior cervical ganglion and the sympathetic trunk below the ganglion were removed from an additional rat.

Theoretical considerations in the vector control of filariasis.

In order to assist in assessing progress of vector control of filariasis a theoretical model is constructed, using retrospective data on infected persons removed to a vector-free situation. This shows that the decrease of microfilaraemia is not regular, but is gradual for the first 3 years and then more rapid, reaching zero at about 10 years. An estimate is made of the level to which the vector must be reduced before transmission of filariasis ceases, showing that the degree of efficiency required is considerably less than for malaria.