Genome oligopaint via local denaturation fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Cas9 in complex with a programmable guide RNA targets specific double-stranded DNA for cleavage. By harnessing Cas9 as a programmable loader of superhelicase to genomic DNA, we report a physiological-temperature DNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method termed genome oligopaint via local denaturation (GOLD) FISH. Instead of global denaturation as in conventional DNA FISH, loading a superhelicase at a Cas9-generated nick allows for local DNA denaturation, reducing nonspecific binding of probes and avoiding harsh treatments such as heat denaturation.

Calcineurin homologous protein isoform 2 supports tumor survival via the sodium hydrogen exchanger isoform 1 in non-small cell lung cancer.

Maintaining intracellular pH is crucial for preserving healthy cellular behavior and, when dysregulated, results in increased proliferation, migration, and invasion. The Na/H exchanger isoform 1 is a highly regulated transmembrane antiporter that maintains pH homeostasis by exporting protons in response to intra- and extracellular signals. Activation of Na/H exchanger isoform 1 is exquisitely regulated by the extracellular environment and protein cofactors, including calcineurin B homologous proteins 1 and 2.