Fractures of the posterolateral maxillary sinus: a masticator space blowout injury?

Background And Purpose: Segmental, depressed fractures of the posterolateral maxillary sinus may occur as a result of trauma to the masticator space, previously described in association with mandibular fractures. The authors hypothesize that the fracture is due to a transient increase in pressure in the masticator space (blow out) and therefore should be seen in association with other regional fractures.

Materials And Methods: Injuries of the masticator space were retrospectively identified by searching the imaging database from January 2014 to November 2014 for keywords that would identify regional trauma.

Face and Neck Infections: What the Emergency Radiologist Needs to Know.

An overview of the imaging of face and neck infections is presented. Most of the imaging presented is contrast-enhanced computed tomography. The emphasis of this presentation is to enable the emergency radiologist to accurately diagnose face and neck infections, to effectively communicate the imaging findings with emergency physicians, and to function as part of a team offering the best care to patients.

Multidetector CT of temporal bone fractures.

Temporal bone fracture is a relatively common finding among trauma patients. Before the development of high-resolution multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) imaging, fractures of the skull base and temporal bone were a challenge to diagnose clinically. With current imaging technology, most such fractures are easily detected, and the challenge now lies in predicting the severity of injury and possible complications.

Decreased cerebellar activity on FDG PET/CT secondary to diffuse idiopathic cerebellar calcification.

Cerebellar hypometabolism on FDG PET has been described in several conditions, for example, chronic alcohol abuse, antiepileptic medication use, multiple system atrophy, and cerebellar infarction. Corresponding cross-sectional examination is paramount in distinguishing possible etiologies because each condition has a relatively characteristic appearance. We present a case of an asymptomatic patient with diffuse cerebellar hypometabolism found incidentally on FDG PET/CT performed for suspected recurrence of gastric carcinoma.

Updated imaging of traumatic brain injury.

Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) play important roles in the evaluation of traumatic brain injury. Modern CT scanners allow for rapid and accurate diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage and mass effect and allow the efficient implementation of emergent CT angiography. Newer sequences, such as gradient recalled echo, susceptibility-weighted imaging, and diffusion-weighted imaging, can provide greater sensitivity for specific types of diffuse posttraumatic brain injury.

Lemierre syndrome: report of five new cases and literature review.

Lemierre Syndrome (LS) is relatively rare, and its clinical features are potentially confusing. Without proper therapy, LS is associated with significant morbidity and is potentially fatal. Recognition of the imaging features of LS in the chest and the neck may permit a timely diagnosis and lead to prompt institution of appropriate therapy.

Imaging of orbital trauma.

Assessing traumatic orbital injuries is an important challenge for radiologists; this assessment is even more difficult when the orbital injury is associated with injuries involving multiple organs. Common posttraumatic orbital injuries include anterior chamber injuries, injuries to the lens, open-globe injuries, ocular detachments, intraorbital foreign bodies, carotid cavernous fistula, and optic nerve injuries. Radiographic examination of the orbits is rarely performed.

Longitudinal evaluation of apparent diffusion coefficient in children with neurofibromatosis type 1.

Objectives: Foci of T2-prolongation in both supra- and infratentorial brain in neurofibromatosis type-1 (NF1) patients have been called hamartoma-like NF1 lesions (HLL); however, their behavior is not consistent with this definition. Diffusion-weighted imaging has been used to study structure and cellularity of intracranial lesions. We applied this technique to characterize HLL as they change with time in pediatric patients.