Post-exertion neurocognitive test failure among student-athletes following concussion.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine post-exertion (PE) neurocognitive performance among student-athletes following concussion who were asymptomatic and returned to baseline normal neurocognitive test levels at rest. This study examined the neurocognitive performance of a sub-set of student-athletes who 'failed' to perform at baseline levels of neurocognitive function, i.e.

Neurocognitive correlates of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in a Turkish sample.

We established a neuropsychological testing profile among Turkish adults presenting with ADHD controlling for general intelligence and comorbid psychiatric conditions. Adults with ADHD frequently present with comorbid conditions (e.g.

Obsessive-compulsive personality traits: compensatory response to executive function deficit?

Obsessive-compulsive personality traits (OCPTs) may be associated with cognitive disorganization (i.e., executive control deficits).

Subtyping obsessive-compulsive disorder: neuropsychological correlates.

We administered neuropsychological measures considered sensitive to prefrontal dysfunction (both orbitofrontal and dorsolateral prefrontal neocortex) to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients and control subjects. OCD subjects exhibited performance deficits, in comparison to community controls, on three measures sensitive to orbitofrontal neocortex dysfunction. Contrary to expectation, OCD patients also exhibited performance deficits on measures sensitive to dorsolateral prefrontal neocortex dysfunction.

Neurocognitive function in borderline personality disorder.

A battery of neuropsychological measures considered sensitive to dysfunction in prefrontal or temporal cortices was administered to patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and healthy controls. BPD patients exhibited striking deficits on measures of nonverbal executive function and nonverbal memory but were unimpaired on tests of alternation learning, response inhibition, divergent thinking, verbal fluency, and verbal working memory. A second study found that university students obtaining high scores on a self-report measure of BPD symptoms exhibited a similar pattern of neuropsychological impairment, although performance deficits were much less pronounced in the student sample.

Patterns of Axis-II comorbidity in a Turkish OCD sample.

OBJECTIVE Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients frequently present with Axis-II disorders, particularly Cluster C (anxiety spectrum) and Cluster A (schizophrenic spectrum) personality disorders. The present study examined patterns of Axis-II comorbidity in a Turkish OCD sample. In addition, we explored the impact of personality disorder symptoms on OCD-symptom severity and symptom profile.

Cigarette smoking in a student sample: neurocognitive and clinical correlates.

Why do adolescents begin to smoke in the face of profound health risks and aggressive antismoking campaigns? The present study tested predictions based on two theoretical models of tobacco use in young adults: (1) the self-medication model; and (2) the orbitofrontal/disinhibition model. Investigators speculated that a significant number of smokers were self-medicating since nicotine possesses mood-elevating and hedonic properties. The self-medication model predicts that smokers will demonstrate increased rates of psychopathology relative to nonsmokers.

Neuropsychological function in obsessive-compulsive disorder: effects of comorbid conditions on task performance.

Background: Neuropsychological testing reveals a pattern of impairment among patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) which implicates the orbitofrontal region. Studies of neuropsychological function in OCD differ regarding performance deficits on classical tests of frontal executive function. In some studies, OCD patients did not demonstrate impaired performance on tests of executive function.

Assessing adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a Turkish version of the current symptoms scale.

We report normative data for a Turkish translation of the Current Symptoms Scale (CSS), a screening measure of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The CSS yields 3 scores reflecting diagnostic criteria for: (1) ADHD, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type; (2) ADHD, predominantly inattentive type, and (3) ADHD, combined type. For comparison purposes, we also present normative data from a community sample in the United States.

Partial seizure-like symptoms in borderline personality disorder.

The clinical presentation of borderline personality disorder (BPD) bears a striking resemblance to the behavioral alterations associated with temporal lobe epilepsy. Using the Limbic System Checklist-33, we found that BPD subjects reported more symptoms associated with partial seizures than did control subjects. BPD patients also exhibited deficits on immediate and delayed recall of the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure and produced distorted drawings of the Rey Figure.

Positive and negative schizotypy in a student sample: neurocognitive and clinical correlates.

Positive and negative schizotypy may represent discrete factors or dimensions. To determine if distinct neurocognitive profiles are associated with these dimensions or factors, we classified university students on the basis of positive and negative schizotypal symptoms and conducted separate analyses. Following prior work in the neuropsychiatric literature, we predicted that subtle prefrontal deficits would be selectively associated with negative schizotypal personality features in a nonclinical student sample.