Radiation-induced epigenetic DNA methylation modification of radiation-response pathways.

DNA methylation can regulate gene expression and has been shown to modulate cancer cell biology and chemotherapy resistance. Therapeutic radiation results in a biological response to counter the subsequent DNA damage and genomic stress in order to avoid cell death. In this study, we analyzed DNA methylation changes at>450,000 loci to determine a potential epigenetic response to ionizing radiation in MDA-MB-231 cells.

Risk for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is not Related to Disease Severity.

Introduction: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is increased in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Cervical neoplasia is caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) infection which persists and causes malignant transformation of infected cervical cells. Women with lupus have impaired immune systems which can facilitate HPV persistence.

Regional expression of HOXA4 along the aorta and its potential role in human abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Background: The infrarenal abdominal aorta exhibits increased disease susceptibility relative to other aortic regions. Allograft studies exchanging thoracic and abdominal segments showed that regional susceptibility is maintained regardless of location, suggesting substantial roles for embryological origin, tissue composition and site-specific gene expression.

Results: We analyzed gene expression with microarrays in baboon aortas, and found that members of the HOX gene family exhibited spatial expression differences.

Genome based cell population heterogeneity promotes tumorigenicity: the evolutionary mechanism of cancer.

Cancer progression represents an evolutionary process where overall genome level changes reflect system instability and serve as a driving force for evolving new systems. To illustrate this principle it must be demonstrated that karyotypic heterogeneity (population diversity) directly contributes to tumorigenicity. Five well characterized in vitro tumor progression models representing various types of cancers were selected for such an analysis.

Human papillomavirus, cervical cancer and women's knowledge.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the major risk factor for cervical cancer.

Methods: We implemented a retrospective case-series study to discern HPV knowledge accuracy among women diagnosed with and treated for cervical cancer. Cases (n=1174), identified from the Pathology database, were diagnosed and treated for cervical cancer at the same institution.

E6 and E7 oncogene expression by human papilloma virus (HPV) and the aggressive behavior of recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis (RLP).

Recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis (RLP), a chronic disease associated with human papilloma virus (HPV), requires serial surgical procedures for debulking, resulting in debilitating long-term dysphonia, laryngeal scarring, and rarely malignant degeneration. Human papilloma virus 11 tumors have been widely accepted as more aggressive than HPV 6 tumors; however, the clinical course has been difficult to predict at disease onset, and the biologic mediators of proliferation have not been well characterized. A retrospective case review of 43 patients (4 months to 10 years at diagnosis) was performed on children treated for recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis.

HLA-DQA is associated with abdominal aortic aneurysms in the Belgian population.

Chronic inflammation and autoimmunity likely contribute to the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of autoimmunity in the etiology of AAAs using a genetic association study approach with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphisms (HLA-DQA1, -DQB1, -DRB1 and -DRB3-5 alleles) in 387 AAA cases and 426 controls. We observed an association with the HLA-DQA1 locus among Belgian males, and found a significant difference in the HLA-DQA1*0102 allele frequencies between AAA cases and controls.

Evidence for association between the HLA-DQA locus and abdominal aortic aneurysms in the Belgian population: a case control study.

Background: Chronic inflammation and autoimmunity likely contribute to the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of autoimmunity in the etiology of AAAs using a genetic association study approach with HLA polymorphisms.

Methods: HLA-DQA1, -DQB1, -DRB1 and -DRB3-5 alleles were determined in 387 AAA cases (180 Belgian and 207 Canadian) and 426 controls (269 Belgian and 157 Canadian) by a PCR and single-strand oligonucleotide probe hybridization assay.

Sequential molecular and cellular events during neoplastic progression: a mouse syngeneic ovarian cancer model.

Studies performed to identify early events of ovarian cancer and to establish molecular markers to support of early detection and the development of chemopreventive regimens have been hindered by a lack of adequate cell models. Taking advantage of the spontaneous transformation of mouse ovarian surface epithelial (MOSE) cells in culture, we isolated and characterized distinct transitional stages of ovarian cancer as the cells progressed from a premalignant nontumorigenic phenotype to a highly aggressive malignant phenotype. Transitional stages were concurrent with progressive increases in proliferation, anchorage-independent growth capacity, in vivo tumor formation, and aneuploidy.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) transcripts in malignant inverted papilloma are from integrated HPV DNA.

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to detect human papillomavirus (HPV) sequences in nasal inverted papilloma (IP) lesions and to determine whether HPV is involved in the progression of IP to sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Study Design: A retrospective study was performed on 14 patients diagnosed with IP within the last 12 years. Three of these 14 patients developed SCC.

Integration of human papillomavirus type 11 in recurrent respiratory papilloma-associated cancer.

Objectives/hypothesis: The main objective was to demonstrate that human papillomavirus (HPV) type 11 is an aggressive virus that plays a significant role in the development of laryngeal cancer in patients with a history of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP). We have done so by preliminary investigation into the molecular mechanism underlying the malignant transformation of RRP to invasive squamous cell carcinoma.

Study Design: An experimental, nonrandomized, retrospective study using tissue specimens from nine patients with a history of RRP that progressed to laryngeal or bronchogenic cancer was performed.

HLA-DQ alleles in white and African American patients with juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.

Objective: To determine HLA-DQalpha and -DQbeta1 allele associations in juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) for risk, disease course, and human papillomavirus type.

Design: A nonrandomized controlled study was performed on DNA extracted from papilloma specimens of children with a history of RRP, and from peripheral blood of African American and white children without RRP. The frequencies of DQalpha and DQbeta1 alleles were compared between patients and ethnically matched controls.

Tight junction proteins claudin-3 and claudin-4 are frequently overexpressed in ovarian cancer but not in ovarian cystadenomas.

Purpose: Claudin proteins represent a large family of integral membrane proteins crucial for tight junction (TJ) formation and function. Claudins have been shown to be up-regulated in various cancers and have been suggested as possible biomarkers and targets for cancer therapy. Because claudin-3 and claudin-4 have been proposed to be expressed in epithelial ovarian cancer, we have performed a detailed analysis of CLDN3 and CLDN4 expression in a panel of ovarian tumors of various subtypes and cell lines.