A qualitative exploration of attitudes to walking in the retirement life change.

Background: Walking is a simple activity that could help to reduce the prevalence of chronic diseases in all populations. Furthermore, an inverse dose-response relationship exists between steps taken and risk of premature death and cardiovascular events in middle-aged and older adults. There is a lack of information on how to effectively engage older adults around retirement age in walking.

Factors affecting willingness to pay for NHS-based orthodontic treatment.

Objective To assess factors affecting willingness to pay for orthodontic treatment.Methods An online discrete choice experiment and willingness to pay study was conducted on a convenience sample of 250 participants aged 16 and above over a four-month period. Participants completed a series of stated-preference tasks, in which they viewed choice sets with two orthodontic treatment options involving different combinations of attributes: family income; cost to patient; cause of problem; prevention of future problems; age; severity of the problem; and self-esteem/confidence.

Prioritising NHS dental treatments: a mixed-methods study.

Objectives To determine the priorities of patients and dental professionals concerning NHS dental treatments, the factors influencing prioritisation and the willingness to contribute towards the cost of NHS dental treatments.Methods Focus groups and interviews involving patients and practitioners informed the development of a piloted questionnaire concerning the priorities for NHS dental treatments. Patients attending three purposively selected dental settings in London and Kent, as well as dental professionals working within a large London dental hospital were recruited to participate in this initial qualitative phase.

Associations between markers of social functioning and depression and quality of life in survivors of head and neck cancer: Findings from the Head and Neck Cancer 5000 study.

Objective: To investigate associations between markers of social functioning (trouble with social eating and social contact), depression and health-related quality of life (QOL) among head and neck cancer survivors.

Methods: This cross-sectional analysis included individuals with oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, salivary gland and thyroid cancers from Head and Neck 5000 alive at 12 months. Trouble with social eating and social contact were measured using items from EORTC QLQ-H&N35 and QOL using EORTC QLQ-C30; responses were converted into a score of 0-100, with a higher score equalling more trouble or better QOL.

Trends in, and predictors of, swallowing and social eating outcomes in head and neck cancer survivors: A longitudinal analysis of head and neck 5000.

Objective: To investigate the recovery trajectory and predictors of outcome for swallowing difficulties following head and neck cancer treatment in a large prospective cohort.

Materials And Methods: Data from 5404 participants of the Head and Neck 5000 study were collected from 2011 to 2014. Patient-reported swallowing was measured using the EORTC HN35, recorded at baseline (pre-treatment) and 4 and 12 months post-baseline.

Survival advantage in patients with human papillomavirus-driven oropharyngeal cancer and variation by demographic characteristics and serologic response: Findings from Head and Neck 5000.

Background: Patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-driven oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) experience better survival than those with HPV-negative OPC. It is unclear whether this benefit varies by demographic characteristics and serologic response.

Methods: Records from 1411 patients with OPC who had HPV serology data were analyzed.

Inequality in survival of people with head and neck cancer: Head and Neck 5000 cohort study.

Background: Explanations for socioeconomic inequalities in survival of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients have had limited attention and are not well understood.

Methods: The UK Head and Neck 5000 prospective clinical cohort study was analyzed. Survival relating to measures of socioeconomic status was explored including area-based and individual factors.

HPV driven squamous cell head and neck cancer of unknown primary is likely to be HPV driven squamous cell oropharyngeal cancer.

Objectives: To compare risk factors and survival in people with oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) and cancer unknown primary (CUP).

Materials And Methods: We recruited 5511 people with head and neck cancer between 2011 and 2014. We collected data on age, gender, smoking, sexual behaviour, treatment intent, stage, co-morbidity, p16 protein overexpression and biological samples.

Disease trajectories, place and mode of death in people with head and neck cancer: Findings from the 'Head and Neck 5000' population-based prospective clinical cohort study.

Background: Few large studies describe initial disease trajectories and subsequent mortality in people with head and neck cancer. This is a necessary first step to identify the need for palliative care and associated services.

Aim: To analyse data from the Head and Neck 5000 study to present mortality, place and mode of death within 12 months of diagnosis.

Quality of life, cognitive, physical and emotional function at diagnosis predicts head and neck cancer survival: analysis of cases from the Head and Neck 5000 study.

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to determine whether health-related quality of life (HRQOL) at diagnosis of head and neck cancer (HNC) is associated with overall survival following treatment with curative intent after adjusting for other factors.

Methods: Data were collected from 5511 participants of the Head and Neck 5000 study (HN5000). HRQOL was measured using the EORTC QLQ-C30.

Assessing the validity of EQ-5D-5L in people with head & neck cancer: Does a generic quality of life measure perform as well as a disease-specific measure in a patient population?

Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Radical treatment methods may result in facial disfigurement and/or functional difficulties with subsequent adverse impacts on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Guidelines suggest that HRQoL should be measured repeatedly throughout treatment to enable refined treatment protocols and tailored follow-up support but questionnaires are often long and burdensome.

Range and timing of surgery, and surgical sequences used, in primary repair of complete unilateral cleft lip and palate: The Cleft Care UK study.

Objects: To describe the range of surgery used to repair the lip and palate in the UK with specific interest in the sequence/timing used in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (cUCLP).

Setting And Sample Population: The Cleft Care UK study, a cross-sectional study of 268 5-year-olds, born from 2005 to 2007, with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate.

Materials & Methods: Information on surgery was extracted from medical notes by surgeons during research clinics and transcribed onto a standardized questionnaire.

Why UK dental education should take a greater interest in the behavioural and social sciences.

Recent moves by public health academics and social scientists for increased recognition of the behavioural and social sciences (BeSS) in medical education in the UK have put the role and place of the BeSS in dental education back on the curricular agenda. Behavioural and social sciences have been a component of the UK dental curriculum since 1990 but, to our knowledge, have only been reviewed once, in 1999. The aim of this article is to reignite a discussion about the role and place of BeSS in dental education in the UK.

The behavioural and social sciences as hidden curriculum in UK dental education: A qualitative study.

Introduction: The behavioural and social sciences (BeSS) are an integral part of dental curricula, helping students become holistic, patient-centred practitioners. Nevertheless, UK studies document that dental undergraduates struggle to see the relevance of BeSS to their training. Using the concept of hidden curriculum, this study explored dental students’ perceptions of and attitudes towards BeSS in one dental school in the UK.

Dietary behaviors and survival in people with head and neck cancer: Results from Head and Neck 5000.

Background: The association between diet and head and neck cancer (HNC) survival is unclear.

Methods: Cox proportional hazard models measured the association between fruit, vegetable, and deep-fried food intake and HNC overall survival adjusting for clinical, social and lifestyle variables including smoking, alcohol, and HPV status.

Results: Fruit and vegetable intake and improved survival were associated in minimally adjusted analyses.

Association between comorbidity and survival in head and neck cancer: Results from Head and Neck 5000.

Background: People with head and neck cancer have higher comorbidity levels but it remains unclear if pretreatment comorbidity is an independent prognosticator in head and neck cancer.

Methods: Survival analyses were performed using data from participants in a UK multicentre cohort study with cancers of the oral cavity (n = 668), oropharynx (n = 1074), and larynx (n = 530). Survival analyses were incrementally adjusted for age, sex, marital status, income, education, stage, alcohol, and smoking.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) and its vaccine: awareness and opinions of clinical dental students in a UK dental school.

Introduction: Dental clinicians are in a position to educate their patients on the subject of HPV as part of a primary healthcare multidisciplinary team and to detect HPV-related disease. Attention needs to be paid to dental undergraduate teaching on the topic. This study aims to ascertain awareness and opinions of our dental undergraduate students about HPV, its relation to oral health and its vaccine.

Depressive symptoms in relation to overall survival in people with head and neck cancer: A longitudinal cohort study.

Objective: The objective of the study is to investigate the relation between pretreatment depressive symptoms (DS) and the course of DS during the first year after cancer diagnosis, and overall survival among people with head and neck cancer (HNC).

Methods: Data from the Head and Neck 5000 prospective clinical cohort study were used. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) pretreatment, at 4 and 12-month follow-up.

Developing a Dental Scrubs Ceremony to define professional identity and teach professionalism to dental undergraduates; lessons learned.

Introduction: The UK General Dental Council stipulates that professionalism is a key aspect of the teaching and training of dental students. However, dental educators highlight that teaching dental student's professionalism can be challenging and students often rate this teaching activity negatively. This article documents a teaching initiative at one UK Dental School that aimed to strengthen the professionalism curriculum by introducing a Dental Scrubs Ceremony for second-year students.

The Role of the Clinical Nurse Specialist From the Perspective of Parents of Children Born With Cleft Lip and/or Palate in the United Kingdom: A Qualitative Study.

Purpose/aim: This qualitative study explores parents' perspectives of the clinical nurse specialist (CNS) after diagnosis of cleft lip and/or palate and while preparing for/after lip or palate closure and other events on the cleft treatment pathway in the United Kingdom.

Design: Parents with children on the "cleft treatment pathway" were recruited from multiple regions across the United Kingdom. In-depth interviews were conducted with 24 parents of children born with cleft lip and/or palate.

Tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking at diagnosis of head and neck cancer and all-cause mortality: Results from head and neck 5000, a prospective observational cohort of people with head and neck cancer.

Tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption are well-established risk factors for head and neck cancer. The prognostic role of smoking and alcohol intake at diagnosis have been less well studied. We analysed 1,393 people prospectively enrolled into the Head and Neck 5000 study (oral cavity cancer, n=403; oropharyngeal cancer, n=660; laryngeal cancer, n=330) and followed up for a median of 3.

Change in alcohol and tobacco consumption after a diagnosis of head and neck cancer: Findings from Head and Neck 5000.

Background: Tobacco and alcohol consumption are risk factors for developing head and neck cancer, and continuation postdiagnosis can adversely affect prognosis. We explored changes to these behaviors after a head and neck cancer diagnosis.

Methods: Demographic and clinical data were collected from 973 people newly diagnosed with oral cavity, oropharyngeal, or laryngeal cancer.

The incompatibility of healthcare services and end-of-life needs in advanced liver disease: A qualitative interview study of patients and bereaved carers.

Background: Liver disease represents the third commonest cause of death in adults of working age and is associated with an extensive illness burden towards the end of life. Despite this, patients rarely receive palliative care and are unlikely to be involved in advance care planning discussions. Evidence addressing how existing services meet end-of-life needs, and exploring attitudes of patients and carers towards palliative care, is lacking.