The Effectiveness of a Computer-Tailored Web-Based Physical Activity Intervention Using Fitbit Activity Trackers in Older Adults (Active for Life): Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Physical activity is an integral part of healthy aging; yet, most adults aged ≥65 years are not sufficiently active. Preliminary evidence suggests that web-based interventions with computer-tailored advice and Fitbit activity trackers may be well suited for older adults.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of Active for Life, a 12-week web-based physical activity intervention with 6 web-based modules of computer-tailored advice to increase physical activity in older Australians.

Imaging through Nonlinear Metalens Using Second Harmonic Generation.

The abrupt phase change of light at metasurfaces provides high flexibility in wave manipulation without the need for accumulation of propagating phase through dispersive materials. In the linear optical regime, one important application field of metasurfaces is imaging by planar metalenses, which enables device miniaturization and aberration correction compared to conventional optical microlens systems. With the incorporation of nonlinear responses into passive metasurfaces, optical functionalities of metalenses are anticipated to be further enriched, leading to completely new application areas.

Towards Low Energy Atrial Defibrillation.

A wireless powered implantable atrial defibrillator consisting of a battery driven hand-held radio frequency (RF) power transmitter (ex vivo) and a passive (battery free) implantable power receiver (in vivo) that enables measurement of the intracardiac impedance (ICI) during internal atrial defibrillation is reported. The architecture is designed to operate in two modes: Cardiac sense mode (power-up, measure the impedance of the cardiac substrate and communicate data to the ex vivo power transmitter) and cardiac shock mode (delivery of a synchronised very low tilt rectilinear electrical shock waveform). An initial prototype was implemented and tested.

Control of cancer pain by epidural infusion of morphine.

Pain that cannot be controlled by traditional oral and parenteral methods in those patients with advanced cancer can be alleviated by spinal administration of narcotics. Epidural and intrathecal infusion with morphine causes analgesia by blocking spinal receptors without significant long-term central nervous, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary system effects. Of the total of 33 patients, epidural catheters inserted in 20 patients then connected by a subcutaneous tunnel to a continuous infusion system.

Familial male breast carcinoma.

Breast cancer in men is a rare disease, accounting for approximately 1% of all breast cancers. In a recent review of the literature, only 12 reports of breast cancer in related men have been recorded. A case of familial breast cancer is reported involving two men and two women.

Splenic abscess.

Fourteen cases of splenic abscess are reported and 159 cases previously cited in the literature are reviewed. The incidence, predisposing factors, pathogenesis, clinical features, bacteriology and radiologic findings are discussed. Infective endocarditis was the most common single antecedent infection.

Concentration relationships of cefaclor in serum, interstitial fluid, bile, and urine of dogs.

The concentrations of cefaclor in the serum, urine, bile, and tissue fluids of the abdominal wall, kidney, and liver of dogs were compared over a 4-h period after oral administration of a single dose of this drug. The concentration of cefaclor in the soft-tissue interstitial fluid peaked 2 h after administration, thereby demonstrating a diffusion rate similar to those of other cephalosporins. Both urine and bile concentrations greatly exceeded the serum levels, whereas none of the tissue fluid concentrations were greater than the serum concentrations at the times of measurement.

Cefazolin in the treatment of pneumonia.

Cefazolin is a semi-synthetic derivative of cephalosporin C that has a lower cross-immunogenicity with penicillins than do the other cephalosporins. This agent was evaluated as an alternative to penicillin in the therapy of patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. Thirty patient were treated with cefazolin, most receiving 125 or 250 mg IM every 12 hours for 5-10 days.

Effects of serum lipid content on the binding of minocycline.

Minocycline was added to normal and hyperlipemic serum samples in concentrations of 1 approximately 10 mcg/ml. These specimens had similar protein contents. Chemically extractable minocycline was quantitated fluorometrically.

A community-wide experience with jejunoileal bypass for obesity.

The records of seventy-nine patients who had jejunoileal bypass operations for morbid obesity were reviewed. The data represent the entire experience of surgeons in the Louisville, Kentucky metropolitan area for the period studied. Retrospective evaluations of criteria for selecting patients for bypass operation, type of shunt done, and clinical results were recorded.

Demonstration in vitro of postmortem bacterial transmigration.

The kinetics of the migration of intestinal bacterial flora to the peritoneal cavity upon death of the host was studied. A laboratory experiment that excluded any source of contamination was used. Samples of sterile saline solution in which a loop of the intestine was submerged were streaked onto blood agar at given intervals.

Concentration of cefamandole in serum interstitial fluid, bile, and urine.

Cefamandole readily diffuses from the serum into soft tissue interstitial fluid. The rate of diffusion differs little from that of cephalothin. The concentrations of antibiotic were greater in bile and urine during the entire period of study than is necessary to kill susceptible pathogenic bacteria present in these fluids.

Protein binding and concentrations of cephaloridine and cefazolin in serum and interstitial fluid of dogs.

Percentages of free and protein-bound cefazolin and cephaloridine in serum and interstitial fluid of dogs were determined by ultrafiltration and microbiologic assay. The percentages of cephaloridine and cefazolin bound to protein in serum were 10% and 80%, respectively. In interstitial fluid accumulating within tissue-embedded polypropylene capsules, 29% of cefazolin was bound to protein, and cephaloridine was unbound.

Regional antibiotic infusion of the heart.

Regional arterial infusion of the heart and lung with an antibiotic did not increase the drug in the aortic serum to concentrations that would be clinically significant when compared with concentrations which can be attained by the intravenous method in a near normal functioning heart.

Antibiotic concentrations in hepatic interstitial and wound fluid.

This study in dogs using tissue-implanted capsules indicates that cephalothin, cefazolin, ampicillin and tetracycline are excreted in the bile, appearing in this fluid at concentrations greater than the concomitant serum levels. Hepatic interstitial fluid concentrations of these agents differed little from levels achieved in soft tissues elsewhere in the body, indicating that compounds which are concentrated in bile do not necessarily achieve high levels in the hepatic parenchyma. The selection of an antimicrobial agent for the therapy of hepatic parenchymal infection or obstructive cholecystitis should, therefore, be based on susceptibilities of the suspected organism rather than on the relative tendencies of various agents to be concentrated in bile.

Concentration of antibiotics in renal interstitial fluid: an experimental model.

In a new canine experimental model the time concentration relationship of cephalothin in serum, urine, soft tissue interstitial fluid (STIF) and renal interstitial fluid (RIF) were compared simultaneously. Antibiotic concentration in RIF was less than urinary levels but exceeded the serum concentration. Urinary antibiotic concentration does not necessarily reflect concentration in the renal interstitium.

Minocycline in staphylococcal soft-tissue infections.

Fifteen patients who had severe Staphylococcus aureus infections were treated with minocycline for 6 to 24 days; all responded satisfactorily. Where possible, posttherapy cultures were taken, and in all instances, the pathogen was eradicated. There was no adverse reactions.

Rate of binding of antibiotics to canine serum protein.

The time rates of binding of three antibiotics of similar chemical structure, each with differing degrees of protein binding, were determined. Cephaloridine, which is 10% bound by serum proteins, was bound at a more rapid rate than cephalothin, which is 40% bound by serum protein. Cefazolin, bound 80%, required for longest time period for maximum binding to occur.