Adverse effects of total phosphate load from the environment on the skeletal formation of coral juveniles.

Nitrogen's impact on corals has been widely studied, but the role of phosphate is often overlooked due to its low concentrations in seawater. Previous studies have suggested that phosphate can penetrate intercellular spaces to reach the extracellular calcifying medium (ECM), where it adsorbs onto skeletal surfaces and disrupts calcium carbonate crystallization, thereby inhibiting skeletal growth. Based on this mechanism, we hypothesized that skeletal growth inhibition depends not only on phosphate concentration but also on total phosphate load (flow volume × concentration).

The Role of Polyamines in pH Regulation in the Extracellular Calcifying Medium of Scleractinian Coral Spats.

This study aims to elucidate a novel mechanism for elevating the pH within the calicoblastic extracellular calcifying medium (pH) of corals and demonstrate the potential contribution of calcifying organisms to CO sequestration. Departing from traditional models that attribute the increase in pH primarily to H expulsion via Ca-ATPase, we emphasize the significant role of polyamines. These ubiquitous biogenic amines conveyed by calicoblastic cells through polyamine transporters demonstrate a remarkable affinity for CO.

Feasibility study to improve oral health in older adult patients using visiting nursing services: A pilot study.

Among older adults in Japan, those requiring long-term care who use visiting nursing services have particularly poor oral health. Given the importance of oral health, this study aims to evaluate the feasibility of oral health improvement interventions for such older adult patients using visiting nursing services. This study was a single-arm pilot study.

Pleomorphic Adenoma With Disrupted Biphasic Ductal Structures Attributed to Lymphoid Infiltration: A Case Report.

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is a benign salivary gland tumor with diverse cytomorphological and architectural features, typically presenting biphasic ductal structures within a chondromyxoid matrix. We report a unique case of PA where dense lymphoid infiltration disrupted these structures, resulting in duct-like slit structures lined with a single layer of spindle cells, lacking the biphasic pattern. These spindle cells demonstrated myoepithelial nature, confirmed by positive immunostaining for pan-cytokeratin, S100 protein, and calponin.

Construction of a Multi-Label Classifier for Extracting Multiple Incident Factors From Medication Incident Reports in Residential Care Facilities: Natural Language Processing Approach.

Background: Medication safety in residential care facilities is a critical concern, particularly when nonmedical staff provide medication assistance. The complex nature of medication-related incidents in these settings, coupled with the psychological impact on health care providers, underscores the need for effective incident analysis and preventive strategies. A thorough understanding of the root causes, typically through incident-report analysis, is essential for mitigating medication-related incidents.

Functional and Structural Properties of Type V Collagen from the Skin of the Shortbill Spearfish ().

Type V collagen is considered to be a crucial minor collagen in fish skin with unique physiological functions. In this research, the cDNAs of three procollagens (Tacol5a1, Tacol5a2, and Tacol5a3) in type V collagen were cloned from the skin of shortbill spearfish (). The open reading frames (ORFs) of Tacol5a1, Tacol5a2, and Tacol5a3 contained 5991, 4485, and 5607 bps, respectively, encoding 1997, 1495, and 1869 amino acid residues.

Molecular Localization of Health-Promoting Peptides Derived from Fish Protein Hydrolyzates on Fish Muscle Proteins.

The four previously reported health-promoting dipeptides, valine-tyrosine, lysine-tryptophan, methionine-phenylalanine, and arginine-isoleucine, found in the fish muscle hydrolyzates, were mainly located in the myosin subfragment-1 heavy chain, whereas the health-promoting tripeptide, alanine-lysine-lysine, was found in the fibrous rod consisting of the myosin subfragment-2 and light meromyosin with a regular coiled-coil structure of α-helix, irrespective of the fish species. Furthermore, the localization of these peptides either in the random coil, β-sheet, or α-helix was also examined in the three-dimensional image, showing no specific tendency. Surprisingly, the same trend was observed even for the mammalian rabbit fast muscle myosin heavy chain.

Association of Obesity With Health Literacy and Weight Perception Among Women Merchants in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: In Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire's largest city, obesity rates among women are increasing, posing a major health challenge, especially for the working generation. Merchants represent 64.3% of working women and are a typical occupation for women with low- and middle-income.

Daily Consumption of α-Linolenic Acid Increases Conversion Efficiency to Eicosapentaenoic Acid in Mice.

To maintain a beneficial concentration of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), the efficient conversion of its precursor, α-linolenic acid (α-LA), is important. Here, we studied the conversion of α-LA to EPA using ICR and C57BL/6 mice. A single dose of perilla oil rich-in α-LA or free α-LA had not been converted to EPA 18 h following administration.

Adverse Event Signal Detection Using Patients' Concerns in Pharmaceutical Care Records: Evaluation of Deep Learning Models.

Background: Early detection of adverse events and their management are crucial to improving anticancer treatment outcomes, and listening to patients' subjective opinions (patients' voices) can make a major contribution to improving safety management. Recent progress in deep learning technologies has enabled various new approaches for the evaluation of safety-related events based on patient-generated text data, but few studies have focused on the improvement of real-time safety monitoring for individual patients. In addition, no study has yet been performed to validate deep learning models for screening patients' narratives for clinically important adverse event signals that require medical intervention.

Metagenomic analysis of the microbial communities and associated network of nitrogen metabolism genes in the Ryukyu limestone aquifer.

While microbial biogeochemical activities such as those involving denitrification and sulfate reduction have been considered to play important roles in material cycling in various aquatic ecosystems, our current understanding of the microbial community in groundwater ecosystems is remarkably insufficient. To assess the groundwater in the Ryukyu limestone aquifer of Okinawa Island, which is located in the southernmost region of Japan, we performed metagenomic analysis on the microbial communities at the three sites and screened for functional genes associated with nitrogen metabolism. 16S rRNA amplicon analysis showed that bacteria accounted for 94-98% of the microbial communities, which included archaea at all three sites.

Observation and manipulation of quantum interference in a superconducting Kerr parametric oscillator.

Quantum tunneling is the phenomenon that makes superconducting circuits "quantum". Recently, there has been a renewed interest in using quantum tunneling in phase space of a Kerr parametric oscillator as a resource for quantum information processing. Here, we report a direct observation of quantum interference induced by such tunneling and its dynamics in a planar superconducting circuit through Wigner tomography.

Cold-induced muscle atrophy in zebrafish: Insights from swimming activity and gene expression analysis.

The investigation into the effects of cold acclimation on fish skeletal muscle function and its potential implications for muscle atrophy is of great interest to us. This study examines how rearing zebrafish at low temperatures affects their locomotor activity and the expression of genes associated with muscle atrophy. Zebrafish were exposed to temperatures ranging from 10 °C to 25 °C, and their swimming distance was measured.

Characterization of recombinant photoconverting green fluorescent Akanes.

Akanes are fluorescent proteins that have several fluorescence maxima. In this report, Akane1 and Akane3 from Scleronephthya gracillima were selected, successfully overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified by affinity chromatography. Fluorescence spectra of the recombinant Akanes matured in darkness, or ambient light were found to have several fluorescence peaks.

Lifestyle behaviors that reduce food and fat intake in patients with type 2 diabetes within 3 months of diagnosis lead to a reduction in the HbA1c level after 12 months.

It is important to provide "Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support," the ongoing process of facilitating the knowledge, skills, and ability necessary for diabetes self-care, immediately after diagnosis. In this 12-month (12 M) longitudinal observational study, outpatients within 3 months of their first diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were surveyed at baseline (BL) and 12 M using a self-administered questionnaire used in the "Lifestyle Intervention Support Software for Diabetes Prevention" and medical record survey. To explore factors associated with the change extent in HbA1c level during the 12 M post-diagnosis, hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed with sex, age, HbA1c level at BL, medication in the first 12 M post-diagnosis, and lifestyle behaviors related to diet and exercise therapy as independent variables.

Regulation of 4-HNE via SMARCA4 Is Associated with Worse Clinical Outcomes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Accumulation of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), a marker of lipid peroxidation, has various favorable and unfavorable effects on cancer cells; however, the clinicopathological significance of its accumulation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its metabolic pathway remain unknown. This study analyzed 4-HNE accumulation and its clinicopathological significance in HCC. Of the 221 cases, 160 showed relatively low accumulation of 4-HNE in HCC tissues, which was an independent prognostic predictor.

Safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics of palivizumab in off-label neonates, infants, and young children at risk for serious respiratory syncytial virus infection: a multicenter phase II clinical trial.

Background: Pediatric patients with certain rare diseases are at increased risk of severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. However, the prophylactic use of anti-RSV antibody (palivizumab) in these patients is not indicated at present in Japan.

Methods: This first-in-the-world multicenter, uncontrolled, open-label, phase II clinical trial was carried out between 28 July 2019 and 24 September 2021 at seven medical institutions in Japan to investigate the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of palivizumab in 23 subjects recruited from among neonates, infants, or children aged 24 months or younger who had any of the following conditions: pulmonary hypoplasia, airway stenosis, congenital esophageal atresia, inherited metabolic disease, or neuromuscular disease.

High-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma with fusion gene abnormality identified after 10 years of recurrent pulmonary metastases: A case report.

•Endometrial stromal sarcoma is the second most common type of uterine sarcoma.•Endometrial stromal sarcoma has undergone modifications since its proposal.•This case highlights the importance of accurately diagnosing endometrial stromal sarcoma.