Identification of enteroviruses along Lake Victoria shoreline - a potential indicator of sewage pollution.

E n t e r i c v i r u s e s a r e m a i n l y t r a n s m i t t e d b y t h e f a e c a l - o r a l r o u t e a n d h a v e b e e n l i n k e d t o s e v e r a l d i s e a s e s i n c l u d i n g g a s t r o e n t e r i t i s a n d r e s p i r a t o r y i n f e c t i o n s . T h e i r p r e s e n c e i n s u r f a c e w a t e r s h a s b e e n exacerbated by p o l l u t i o n f r o m a v a r i e t y o f p o i n t s o u r c e s s u c h a s s e w a g e d i s c h a r g e . W e s t u d i e d t h e occurrence o f e n t e r o v i r u s e s i n w a t e r s a m p l e s f r o m L a k e V i c t o r i a i n K e n y a t o i n v e s t i g a t e i f t h e r e w a s a l i n k b e t w e e n s e w a g e p o l l u t i o n a n d d e t e c t i o n o f e n t e r o v i r u s e s ( E V s ) t o b u i l d a b a s e l i n e f o r a n enteric viruses monitoring platform for this region.

Negative Impacts of the Current COVID-19 Crisis on Science Education in Kenya: How Certain Can We Be About the Efficacy of the Science Learning Framework Online?

Recently, there has been a significant interest in the possibility of continued disruption to school learning due to the spiraling COVID-19 crisis worldwide. Consequently, online learning has been widely adopted. However, in the least- and medium-developed countries like Kenya, the digital learning models used particularly for science-based courses have either been superficial or ambiguous, making it difficult for students to properly grasp concepts.

Effects of Contamination of Freshwater Habitat With Common Heavy Metals and Anions on the Prevalence of Human Adenoviruses and Enteroviruses.

The occurrence and survival of enteric viruses in open surface waters can be impacted by a host of factors including fecal emission levels, seasonal variations, virus stability and the physicochemical parameters. In this research, we aimed to document the association between contaminations of water samples with human enteric viruses (adenoviruses and enteroviruses) from a freshwater lake with variations in chemical contaminants. We collected 216 water samples from October 2010 to April 2012, from a 4 km stretch along Lake Victoria (LV) basin in Homa Bay town located in the western region of Kenya.

Molecular Detection of Human Enteric Adenoviruses in Water Samples Collected from Lake Victoria Waters Along Homa Bay Town, Homa Bay County, Kenya.

Lake Victoria is the primary source of water for millions of people in the Sub-Saharan Africa region. In recent years, population development around the lake has resulted in compromised sanitation standards resulting in increased faecal pollution of the lake. Consequently, this condition has increased the chances of waterborne enteric viruses, such as adenoviruses' circulation in the community.

Occurrence of Enteric Viruses in Surface Water and the Relationship with Changes in Season and Physical Water Quality Dynamics.

Environmental water quality issues have dominated global discourse and studies over the past five decades. Significant parameters of environmental water quality include changes in biological and physical parameters. Some of the biological parameters of significance include occurrence of enteric viruses.