International Staging System Status and Trend of Relapse in Multiple Myeloma Cases in a Tertiary Level Health Care.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a haematological neoplasm of mature B-cell lineage origin. It is characterized by abnormal clonal proliferation of plasma cells and presence of monoclonal protein in serum and / or urine. This study was conducted to observe the International Staging System (ISS) status and trends of relapse.

LocustLens: leveraging environmental data fusion and machine learning for desert locust swarm prediction.

The desert locust is one of the most destructive locusts recorded in human history, and it has caused significant food shortages, monetary losses, and environmental calamities. Prediction of locust attacks is complicated as it depends on various environmental and geographical factors. This research aims to develop a machine-learning model for predicting desert locust attacks in 42 countries that considers three predictors: soil moisture, maximum temperature, and precipitation.

A vector borne, airborne and food borne infection with secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis: Case of triple infections in an immuno-competent patient.

Pakistan is endemic to several bacterial, parasitic and viral infections including tuberculosis, malaria and dengue that account for a high rate of mortality each year. These different types of infections can occur through various routes of transmission and concurrently in individuals, especially in immunocompromised but rarely among immunocompetent. We report a case of a 25 year old immunocompetent female who was admitted with an initial diagnosis of dengue fever and diagnosed as having co-infection of COVID-19 and Brucella leading to secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH).

Non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of sarcosine in serum of prostate cancer patients by CoNiWBO/rGO nanocomposite.

Selective and sensitive sarcosine detection is crucial due to its recent endorsement as a prostate cancer (PCa) biomarker in clinical diagnosis. The reduced graphene oxide-cobalt nickel tungsten boron oxides (CoNiWBO/rGO) nanocomposite is developed as a non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for sarcosine detection in PCa patients' serum. CoNiWBO/rGO is synthesized by the chemical reduction method via a one-pot reduction method followed by calcination at 500 °C under a nitrogen environment for 2 h and characterized by UV-Vis, XRD, TGA, and SEM.

Synergetic effects of tetracycline hydrochloride incorporated regenerated cellulose acetate - Bacterial cellulose hybrid nanocomposite: Potential in biomedical application.

Litter from cigarette waste is a significant threat to organisms and ecosystems. However, this waste contains cellulose acetate (CA) that can be recycled into raw materials. In this study, recycled CA from cigarettes (CFCA) electrospun through electro-spinning technique and developed hybrid nanocomposite by incorporating CFCA in the fermentation media, followed by self-assembly of bacterial cellulose (BC).

Molecular Docking Analysis Reveals the Promising Role of Apigenin as a Potential Treatment for Neurological Disorders.

Objectives: Neurological disorders represent a significant global health challenge, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic agents. Apigenin, a natural flavonoid abundantly found in various plants, has garnered attention for its potential neuroprotective properties. In this study, we employed molecular docking simulations to investigate the interaction between apigenin and key molecular targets associated with neurological disorders.

Optimizing decision-making with aggregation operators for generalized intuitionistic fuzzy sets and their applications in the tech industry.

Intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) represent a significant advancement in classical fuzzy set (FS) theory. This study advances IFS theory to generalized intuitionistic fuzzy sets (GIFSs) and introduces novel operators GIFWAA, GIFWGA, GIFOWAA, and GIFOWGA, tailored for GIFSs. The primary aim is to enhance decision-making capabilities by introducing aggregation operators within the GIFS framework that align with preferences for optimal outcomes.

Nonlinear similarity characterisation and validation of dynamic response of ship stiffened plate structure under explosion load impacts.

The similarity test of ship stiffened plate structures under underwater explosions is a cost-effective and efficient method to evaluate the vitality of ships and guide the design of their shock resistance. This study focuses on the nonlinear impact response model tests of ship stiffened plate structures and their similarity laws with actual ships. The vertical motion of the ship stiffened plate structure is characterized by the Hurst index, and an equivalent relationship between the Hurst index of the model and the prototype is derived from classical similarity law.

Comparison of efficacy and safety of tofacitinib and azathioprine in patients with alopecia areata and variants: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune pathology manifested by loss of hair.

Objective: To evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of tofacitinib and azathioprine in patients with AA and variants.

Methods: In this double-blind randomized controlled trail (RCT) carried out at the Department of Dermatology, Medical Teaching Institute-Lady Reading Hospital (MTI-LRH), Peshawar, Pakistan, patients aged ≥ 12 years diagnosed with AA, alopecia totalis (AT) or alopecia universalis (AU) with minimum 50% scalp hair loss for a period ≥ 06 years were included.

Closing the gap: An urgent need for newborn screening of organic acid disorders in developing countries.

Organic acid disorders are rare inherited metabolic disorders of key metabolic pathways. For the identification of specific organic acids, investigation of urinary metabolites and genetic testing are required through newborn screening programmes. Delayed diagnosis leads to complications, such as cardiac attacks, respiratory problems, neuro-developmental disorders, intellectual disability, and even premature death.

Clinico-Pathological Profiles of Multiple Myeloma Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Multiple myeloma (MM), mature B-cell lineage neoplasm, is characterized by abnormal clonal proliferation of plasma cells and presence of monoclonal protein (M protein). The study was conducted to reveal presenting features, laboratory findings, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status and skeletal survey on patients with multiple myeloma. This descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Haematology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2019 to July 2020 with a sample size of 81.

Unlocking the Potential of Oleanolic Acid: Integrating Pharmacological Insights and Advancements in Delivery Systems.

The growing interest in oleanolic acid (OA) as a triterpenoid with remarkable health benefits prompts an emphasis on its efficient use in pharmaceutical research. OA exhibits a range of pharmacological effects, including antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, immune-enhancing, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, antitumor, and antiviral properties. While OA demonstrates diverse pharmacological effects, optimizing its therapeutic potential requires overcoming significant challenges.

GC-MS profiling and biological investigations of L. & L.

The objectives of the study were to conduct phytochemical screening of crude extracts of L. and L. and assessing their biological potentials against protein kinase enzymes, followed by the evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities.

Label free quantitative proteomic profiling of serum samples of intellectually disabled young patients revealed dysregulation of complement coagulation and cholesterol cascade systems.

Intellectual disability is a heterogeneous disorder, diagnosed using intelligence quotient (IQ) score criteria. Currently, no specific clinical test is available to diagnose the disease and its subgroups due to inadequate understanding of the pathophysiology. Therefore, current study was designed to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in disease perturbation, and to identify potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis.

Evaluation of genotoxic effect via expression of DNA damage responsive gene induced by ivermectin on MDBK cell line.

Ivermectin (IVM) is an anti-parasitic drug which is used for treating parasitic infestations. It has been used in humans for treating intestinal strongyloidiasis and onchocerciasis however, currently researchers are investigating its potential for treating coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Due to its broad-spectrum activities, IVM is being used excessively in animals which has generated an interest for researchers to investigate its toxic effects.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Related to Chemotherapy Among Cancer Patients.

Cancer is a leading cause of death, with a rapidly increasing global burden. Chemotherapy is the most effective cancer treatment, and with its benefits, there exist potential problems. The present study assesses cancer patients' knowledge, attitude, and practice toward chemotherapy use.

Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Monitoring the Biochemical Changes Due to DNA Mutations Induced by CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Editing in the Fungus.

In this study, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique, along with principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), is used as a simple, quick, and cost-effective analysis method for identifying biochemical changes occurring due to induced mutations in the fungus strain. The goal of this study is to identify the biochemical changes in the mutated fungal cells (cell mass) as compared to the control/nonmutated cells. Furthermore, multivariate data analysis tools, including PCA and PLS-DA, are used to further confirm the differentiating SERS spectral features among fungal samples.

APPENDICEAL TIE SYNDROME: A RARE CAUSE OF SMALL BOWEL OBSTRUCTION.

Acute appendicitis and intestinal obstruction are two common surgical emergencies. Acute appendicitis as a cause of closed-loop bowel obstruction is a rare surgical entity. The first case was reported in 1901 and since then only a few cases have been reported.

Rapid Identification and Quantification of Adulteration in Methyl Eugenol using Raman Spectroscopy Coupled with Multivariate Data Analysis.

Identification of adulterants in commercial samples of methyl eugenol is necessary because it is a botanical insecticide, a tephritid male attractant lure that is used to attract and kill invasive pests such as oriental fruit flies and melon flies on crops. In this study, Raman spectroscopy was used to qualitatively and quantitatively assess commercial methyl eugenol along with adulterants. For this purpose, commercial methyl eugenol was adulterated with different concentrations of xylene.

The interplay of PTEN and AKT nexus in breast cancer: a molecular perspective.

Background: Breast cancer is a highly prevalent and life-threatening ailment that is commonly detected among the females. The downregulation of PTEN in breast cancer is associated with a poor prognosis, aggressive tumor type, and metastasis to lymph nodes, as it activates the pro-survival pathway PI3K/AKT, which is considered the ultimate proliferative pathway.

Material And Methods: The mRNA expression of PTEN and AKT genes was investigated using RT-qPCR and TaqMan primer probe chemistry.

An efficient energy management scheme using rule-based swarm intelligence approach to support pulsed load via solar-powered battery-ultracapacitor hybrid energy system.

This work presents an energy management scheme (EMS) based on a rule-based grasshopper optimization algorithm (RB-GOA) for a solar-powered battery-ultracapacitor hybrid system. The main objective is to efficiently meet pulsed load (PL) demands and extract maximum energy from the photovoltaic (PV) array. The proposed approach establishes a simple IF-THEN set of rules to define the search space, including PV, battery bank (BB), and ultracapacitor (UC) constraints.

Metal pollution in the topsoil of lands adjacent to Sahiwal Coal Fired Power Plant (SCFPP) in Sahiwal, Pakistan.

Coal fly ash from a coal fired power plant is a significant anthropogenic source of various heavy metals in surrounding soils. In this study, heavy metal contamination in topsoil around Sahiwal coal fired power plant (SCFPP) was investigated. Within distance of 0-10, 11-20, 21-30 and 31-40 km of SCFPP, total 56 soil samples were taken, 14 replicate from each distance along with a background subsurface soil sample beyond 60 km.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of bacterial pellets of infected by bacteriophage.

Drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria are a major cause of infectious diseases in the world and they have become a major threat through the reduced efficacy of developed antibiotics. This issue can be addressed by using bacteriophages, which can kill lethal bacteria and prevent them from causing infections. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a promising technique for studying the degradation of infectious bacteria by the interaction of bacteriophages to break the vicious cycle of drug-resistant bacteria and help to develop chemotherapy-independent remedial strategies.

A curious case of expanded dengue syndrome.

Dengue fever (DF) primarily presents with fever, headache, malaise, bleeding manifestations and haemoconcentration. World Health Organization (WHO) classifies DF according to levels of severity: (a) without warning signs; (b) with warning signs, such as abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, fluid accumulation, mucosal bleeding, lethargy, liver enlargement, increasing haematocrit and thrombocytopenia; and (c) severe dengue with severe plasma leakage, severe bleeding or organ failure. Atypical clinical presentations of DF are defined as expanded dengue syndrome: this includes renal, cardiac, hepatic or cerebral damage.

Fabrication of TPGS decorated Etravirine loaded lipidic nanocarriers as a neoteric oral bioavailability enhancer for lymphatic targeting.

Etravirine (ERVN) is a potential NNRTI (non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor) in treating HIV infection. It possesses extremely low oral bioavailability. The present research aims to optimize the formulation and characterization of TPGS-enriched ERVN-loaded lipid-based nanocarriers (NLCs) for HIV-infected patients.