Prevalence of Thumb and Wrist Pain Among Smartphone Users in the Saudi Arabian General Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background This study aims to investigate the prevalence of thumb and wrist pain among smartphone users in the general population of Saudi Arabia, examining the potential links between the duration and frequency of smartphone usage, specific smartphone activities, and the occurrence of discomfort in the thumb and wrist. Methodology This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Jazan University, Saudi Arabia, between July 2022 and June 2023. The questionnaire developed following an extensive literature review, covered demographic information, smartphone usage patterns, assessment of thumb or wrist pain, and evaluation of the impact of this discomfort.

Exploration of the Causal Association Between Behavioral Risk Factors and Gallstone Disease Development in Two European Ancestry Populations.

Introduction Risk factors for developing gallstones are related to disturbances in either cholesterol or bilirubin metabolism in the biliary tract. The risk of forming gallstones can be associated with chronic illnesses, dietary habits, reduced gallbladder motility, and medications. Our study aims to explore the causal relationship between multiple risk factors, including nutritional habits (cheese intake, salad intake, processed meat intake, coffee drinking), smoking behavior, overall obesity measured by body mass index (BMI), lipid biomarkers, total bilirubin and maternal diabetes mellitus (DM) and the development of gallstone disease in two different populations of European ancestry (United Kingdom Biobank (UKB) and FinnGen).