GABA: A Key Player in Drought Stress Resistance in Plants.

γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid involved in various physiological processes; it aids in the protection of plants against abiotic stresses, such as drought, heavy metals, and salinity. GABA tends to have a protective effect against drought stress in plants by increasing osmolytes and leaf turgor and reducing oxidative damage via antioxidant regulation. Guard cell GABA production is essential, as it may provide the benefits of reducing stomatal opening and transpiration and controlling the release of tonoplast-localized anion transporter, thus resulting in increased water-use efficiency and drought tolerance.

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.

Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a newly recognized condition affecting children with recent infection or exposure to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). MIS-C has symptoms that affect multiple organs systems, with some clinical features resembling Kawasaki disease (KD) and toxic shock syndrome (TSS).

Objective Of The Review: Our goal was to review the current literature and describe the evaluation and treatment algorithms for children suspected of having MIS-C who present to the emergency department.

Gravity-driven hydromagnetic flow of couple stress hybrid nanofluid with homogenous-heterogeneous reactions.

This investigation describes the hydromagnetic flow of gravity-driven couple stress hybrid nanofluid past a heated plate. The carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are used to characterize the hybrid nanofluid. The heated plate is placed vertically with an application of homogenous-heterogeneous reactions to the assumed flow system.

HantavirusesDB: Vaccinomics and RNA-based therapeutics database for the potentially emerging human respiratory pandemic agents.

Hantaviruses are etiological agents of several severe respiratory illnesses in humans and their human-to-human transmission has been reported. To cope with any potential pandemic, this group of viruses needs further research and a data platform. Therefore, herein we developed a database "HantavirusesDB (HVdb)", where genomics, proteomics, immune resource, RNAi based therapeutics and information on the 3D structures of druggable targets of the Orthohantaviruses are provided on a single platform.

Towards an Ensemble Vaccine against the Pegivirus Using Computational Modelling Approaches and Its Validation through In Silico Cloning and Immune Simulation.

Pegivirus, HPgV, which was earlier known as Gb virus and hepatitis G virus, is an enveloped, positive-stranded RNA and lymphotropic virus classified into the family. The transmission routes primarily involve blood products, and infections are worldwide, leading up to 25% of persistent infections. To date, no effective therapeutic means are available to clear Pegivirus infections.

Compression neuropathies of the forearm: anatomy, clinical features and management.

The upper limb consists of four major parts: a girdle formed by the clavicle and scapula, the arm, the forearm and the hand. Peripheral nerve lesions of the upper limb are divided into lesions of the brachial plexus or the nerves arising from it. Lesions of the nerves arising from the brachial plexus are further divided into upper (proximal) or lower (distal) lesions based on their location.

Identification of miRNAs and related hub genes associated with the triple negative breast cancer using integrated bioinformatics analysis and approach.

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype generally associated with younger women. Due to the lack of suitable drugable targets in TNBC, the microRNAs are considered as a better hope as therapeutic agents for the management of the disease. In this study, we identified differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and associated hub genes in TNBC microarray data (GSE38167, GSE60714, and GSE10833) using bioinformatics tools.

The DUF221 domain-containing (DDP) genes identification and expression analysis in tomato under abiotic and phytohormone stress.

The domain of unknown function (DUF221 domain-containing) proteins regulates various aspects of plant growth, development, responses to abiotic stresses, and hormone transduction pathways. To understand the role of DDP proteins in tomato, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis was performed in the tomato genome. A total of 12 DDP genes were identified and distributed in 8 chromosomes in the tomato genome.

A clear trade-off between leaf hydraulic efficiency and safety in an aridland shrub during regrowth.

It has been suggested that a trade-off between hydraulic efficiency and safety is related to drought adaptation across species. However, whether leaf hydraulic efficiency is sacrificed for safety during woody resprout regrowth after crown removal is not well understood. We measured leaf water potential (ψ ) at predawn (ψ ) and midday (ψ ), leaf maximum hydraulic conductance (K ), ψ at induction 50% loss of K (K P ), leaf area-specific whole-plant hydraulic conductance (LSC), leaf vein structure and turgor loss point (π ) in 1- to 13-year-old resprouts of the aridland shrub (Caragana korshinskii).

Defining Priority Areas for Critical Care Simulation: A Modified Delphi Consensus Project.

Background Simulation is used in critical care for skill development, formative assessment, and interprofessional team performance. Healthcare educators need to balance the relatively high cost to deliver simulation education with the potential impact on healthcare quality. It is unclear how to prioritize simulation in critical care education, especially considering interprofessional needs across adult and pediatric populations.

In Silico Mutagenesis-Based Remodelling of SARS-CoV-1 Peptide (ATLQAIAS) to Inhibit SARS-CoV-2: Structural-Dynamics and Free Energy Calculations.

The prolific spread of COVID-19 caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) from its epicenter in Wuhan, China, to every nook and cranny of the world after December 2019, jeopardize the prevailing health system in the world and has raised serious concerns about human safety. Multi-directional efforts are made to design small molecule inhibitors, and vaccines and many other therapeutic options are practiced, but their final therapeutic potential is still to be tested. Using the old drug or vaccine or peptides could aid this process to avoid such long experimental procedures.

Structural and Biophysical Investigation of the Key Hotspots on the Surface of Epstein-Barr Nuclear Antigen 1 Essential for DNA Recognition and Pathogenesis.

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is considered the most important human pathogen due to its role in infections and cellular malignancies. It has been reported that this Oncolytic virus infects 90% world's population. EBNA1 is required for DNA binding and survival of the virus and is considered an essential drug target.

Mutational Landscape of Pirin and Elucidation of the Impact of Most Detrimental Missense Variants That Accelerate the Breast Cancer Pathways: A Computational Modelling Study.

Pirin () protein is highly conserved in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Recently, it has been identified that positively regulates breast cancer cell proliferation, xenograft tumor formation, and metastasis, through an enforced transition of G1/S phase of the cell cycle by upregulation of E2F1 expression at the transcriptional level. Keeping in view the importance of in many crucial cellular processes in humans, we used a variety of computational tools to identify non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene that are highly deleterious for the structure and function of protein.

Ozone Induced Stomatal Regulations, MAPK and Phytohormone Signaling in Plants.

Ozone (O) is a gaseous environmental pollutant that can enter leaves through stomatal pores and cause damage to foliage. It can induce oxidative stress through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) like hydrogen peroxide (HO) that can actively participate in stomatal closing or opening in plants. A number of phytohormones, including abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA) are involved in stomatal regulation in plants.

Antiadhesion and antibiofilm potential of Fagonia indica from Cholistan desert against clinical multidrug resistant bacteria.

High resistance to antimicrobials is associated with biofilm formation responsible for infectious microbes to withstand severe conditions. Therefore, new alternatives are necessary as biofilm inhibitors to control infections. In this study, the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of Fagonia indica extracts were evaluated against MDR clinical isolates.

Proteomic and molecular evidences of Il1rl2, Ric8a, Krt18 and Hsp90b1 modulation during experimental hepatic fibrosis and pomegranate supplementation.

The inspection of variations in the proteomic aspects conspire the biomarker discovery in diagnostics of peculiar diseases. Recent developments in high-throughput proteomic techniques have provided leverage in the discovery of biomarkers during the etiology of various diseases. We identified potential biomarkers by utilizing proteomics, bioinformatics and gene expression studies.

Fabrication and performance evaluation of polymeric membrane using blood compatible hydroxyapatite for artificial kidney application.

In the current study, a phase inversion scheme was employed to fabricate hydroxyapatite (HA)/polysulfone (PSF)-based asymmetric membranes using a film applicator with water as a solvent and nonsolvent exchanging medium. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopic studies were conducted to confirm the bonding chemistry and purity of filler. The inherent thick nature of PSF generated sponge-like shape while the instantaneous demixing process produced finger-like pore networks in HA/PSF-based asymmetric membranes as exhibited by scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs.

Impact of alien fishes on the distribution pattern of indigenous freshwater fishes of Punjab, Pakistan.

Pakistan is the country with mega freshwater fish diversity of native and alien species. In the presence of enormous native fishes varies species of exotic fishes have been introduced into the freshwater bodies of Pakistan which are competing with native freshwater fish fauna and making them deprive of food and habitat as well. Intentional or accidental introductions of animals, plants and pathogens away from their native niche is considered as major leading problem for biodiversity of invaded habitat.

Genome-wide analysis of ARF transcription factors reveals HcARF5 expression profile associated with the biosynthesis of β-ocimene synthase in Hedychium coronarium.

Herein, 37 ARF genes were identified and analyzed in Hedychium coronarium and HcARF5 showed a potential role in the regulation of HcTPS3. Auxin is an important plant hormone, implicated in various aspects of plant growth and development processes especially in the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites. Auxin response factors (ARF) belong to the transcription factors (TFs) gene family and play a crucial role in transcriptional activation/repression of auxin-responsive genes by directly binding to their promoter region.

COVID-19 pandemic did not affect emergency theatre patient demographic and length of stay in the first phase of UK countrywide lockdown in a district general hospital.

Introduction: We aim to identify any changes in outcome for patients undergoing nonelective surgery at the start of the UK pandemic in our district general hospital. This was a single-centre retrospective cohort review of a UK district general hospital serving a population of over 250,000 people.

Methods: Participants were all patients undergoing a surgical procedure in the acute theatre list between 23 March to 11 May in both 2019 and 2020.

BC-TFdb: a database of transcription factor drivers in breast cancer.

Transcription factors (TFs) are DNA-binding proteins, which regulate many essential biological functions. In several cancer types, TF function is altered by various direct mechanisms, including gene amplification or deletion, point mutations, chromosomal translocations, expression alterations, as well as indirectly by non-coding DNA mutations influencing the binding of the TF. TFs are also actively involved in breast cancer (BC) initiation and progression.

Identification, methylation profiling, and expression analysis of stress-responsive cytochrome P450 genes in rice under abiotic and phytohormones stresses.

The cytochrome P450 (CYP) is a large and complex eukaryotic gene superfamily with enzymatic activities involved in several physiological and regulatory processes. As an objective, an genome-wide DNA methylation (5mC) analysis was performed in rice ( cv. Zhonghua11), and the epigenetic role of CYPs in two abiotic stresses was observed.

Noncovalent molecular interactions between antineoplastic drug gemcitabine and a carrier protein identified through spectroscopic and in silico methods.

Herein we have studied the noncovalent molecular interactions between hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) and the commonly employed antineoplastic drug gemcitabine through the cumulative implementation of spectroscopic techniques and in silico approaches. The formation of a complex between HEWL and gemcitabine was made evident by the differences between the UV-visible spectra of the protein and protein-gemcitabine complex. Fluorescence quenching of HEWL by gemcitabine was hardly detectable at room temperature, but it became prominent at higher temperatures.