A de novo mutation in the X-linked PAK3 gene is the underlying cause of intellectual disability and macrocephaly in monozygotic twins.

Pathogenic variants in theP21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 3gene (PAK3) lead to a rare non syndromic X-linked intellectual disability. The protein encoded by this gene forms an activated complex with GTP-bound RAS-like (P21), CDC2 and RAC1 proteins which then mediates a variety of cellular processes. So far, mutations in PAK3 gene have been reported in few families affected with intellectual disability associated with neurological manifestations such as speech defect, behavioral problem, brain structural abnormalities, microcephaly and cerebral palsy.

Gender variability in presentation with Alpers' syndrome: a report of eight patients from the UAE.

Introduction: Alpers' syndrome is a progressive and often fatal cerebral and hepatic degeneration caused by a mutation in the polymerase gamma (POLG) gene involved in mitochondrial DNA replication.

Objective: We report on eight successive cases from five families.

Methods: Our analysis consisted of case series reports and literature search.

Recovery of tacrolimus-associated brachial neuritis after conversion to everolimus in a pediatric renal transplant recipient--case report and review of the literature.

TAC has been shown to be a potent immunosuppressive agent for solid organ transplantation in pediatrics. Neurotoxicity is a potentially serious toxic effect. It is characterized by encephalopathy, headaches, seizures, or neurological deficits.