Ternary Blends of Polypropylene Copolymer, Polyethylene and Thermoplastic Polyurethane for Fused Deposition Modeling Three-Dimensional Printing Technology: Preparation, Printing and Properties.

A set of filaments for fused deposition modeling (FDM) three-dimensional (3D) printing was developed from the ternary blends of polypropylene random copolymer (PPR or P), high density polyethylene (HDPE or E), and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU or T), formulated with different weight ratios of polymers, i.e., 80:20:0, 70:20:10, 60:20:20, and 50:20:30, respectively, and coded as P80E20T0, P70E20T10, P60E20T20, and P50E20T30, respectively.

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene/Thermoplastic Polyurethane Blends for Material Extrusion Three-Dimensional Printing: Effects of Blend Composition on Printability and Properties.

Blend filaments of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) were prepared at different weight ratios, i.e., 100:0, 70:30, 50:50, 30:70, and 0:100, for FDM printing; the prepared filaments, with an average diameter of 2.

Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Macrophage Polarization on 3D-Printed Poly(ε-caprolactone)/Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate--3-hydroxyvalerate) Blended Scaffolds with Different Secondary Porous Structures.

This study was aimed to evaluate the chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and polarization of THP-1-derived macrophages cultured on poly(ε-caprolactone) (PC)/poly(3-hydroxybutyrate--3-hydroxyvalerate) (PH) blended scaffolds with dual primary (PP) and secondary (SP) pores, which were fabricated via a 3D printing technique, i.e., fused deposition modeling, followed by a salt-leaching process at 50 °C for varied times, i.

Hyaluronic acid-coated gold nanorods enhancing BMP-2 peptide delivery for chondrogenesis.

Bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) knuckle epitope peptide has been recently discovered and known to activate chondrogenesis. However, the applications of this soluble peptide remain very limited due to rapid diffusion resulting in poor cellular uptake into target cells. We herein designed nanoparticles made from hyaluronic acid functionalized gold nanorods (GNRs) to conjugate with thiolated BMP-2 knuckle epitope peptide via a two-step reaction.

Chondrogenic phenotype in responses to poly(ɛ-caprolactone) scaffolds catalyzed by bioenzymes: effects of surface topography and chemistry.

Biodegradable poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) has been increasingly investigated as a promising scaffolding material for articular cartilage tissue repair. However, its use can be limited due to its surface hydrophobicity and topography. In this study, 3D porous PCL scaffolds fabricated by a fused deposition modeling (FDM) machine were enzymatically hydrolyzed using two different biocatalysts, namely Novozyme®435 and Amano lipase PS, at varied treatment conditions in a pH 8.

Bisphosphonate activation of crystallized bioglass scaffolds for enhanced bone formation.

The interplay between bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts has a critical effect on bone remodelling processes, and resultant bone quality. Bone scaffolds combined with anti-resorptive bisphosphonate drugs are a promising approach to achieving bone regeneration. Here, we have examined the synergistic effects of the bisphosphonate alendronate (ALD) coated onto calcium phosphate (CaP) modified, sintered bioactive glass 45S5 (BG) scaffolds, on osteoblast stimulation and osteoclast inhibition.

PCL/PHBV blended three dimensional scaffolds fabricated by fused deposition modeling and responses of chondrocytes to the scaffolds.

In this study, poly(ε-caprolactone)/poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PCL/PHBV) blended porous scaffolds were fabricated by fused deposition modeling (FDM). PCL/PHBV filaments, initially prepared at different weight ratios, that is, 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, and 25/75, were fabricated by the lay-down pattern of 0/90/45/135° to obtain scaffolds with dimension of 6.0 × 6.

Enhancement of chondrocyte proliferation, distribution, and functions within polycaprolactone scaffolds by surface treatments.

Enhancement of porcine chondrocyte growth, distribution and functions within polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds was attempted using alkaline hydrolysis and oxygen plasma treatment. The hydrolysis of PCL was performed either before or after scaffold fabrication in the preparations of pre-hydrolyzed PCL (pre-HPCL) or post-HPCL scaffolds, respectively. The PCL, pre-HPCL, and post-HPCL scaffolds were subsequently plasma-treated to yield plasma-treated PCL, plasma-treated pre-HPCL, and plasma-treated post-HPCL scaffolds, respectively.