Association between Colonoscopy Sedation Type and Polyp Detection: A Registry-based Cohort Study.

Background: Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death. Adenomas and serrated polyps are precursors of colorectal cancer, with serrated polyps being more difficult to detect during colonoscopy. The relationship between propofol use and polyp detection remains unclear.

A Retrospective Study of Acute Postoperative Pain After Cesarean Delivery in Patients With Opioid Use Disorder Treated With Opioid Agonist Pharmacotherapy.

Objective: We aimed to quantify the effect of opioid agonist pharmacotherapy on pain management after cesarean delivery, compared with patients not on these medications.

Methods: Patients undergoing cesarean delivery at our institution between January 2016 and December 2018 were stratified by peripartum use of opioid agonist pharmacotherapy versus no agonist therapy. We compared 24-hour postoperative opioid consumption not including buprenorphine and methadone, in milligram morphine equivalents (MME) (primary outcome), highest pain score on a 0 to 10 numerical rating scale in the first 24 postoperative hours, and postoperative length of stay in hours (secondary outcomes) between groups.

Advantages of the New Tao Mask for Bag Mask Ventilation: a randomized crossover trial.

Background And Aims: Manual bag mask ventilation is a life saving skill. An investigation was made to compare two different facemasks used in bag mask ventilation, the standard and the novel Tao face mask, and evaluate the ability of novices to achieve adequate tidal volume.

Methods: The study design was a crossover trial, which randomized forty medical students with no previous airway experience to learn bag mask ventilation with the standard mask and the Tao face mask.

Management of a Patient With a History of Nonanesthesia-Related Malignant Hyperthermia Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Case Report.

A 36-year-old African American with a medical history of nonanesthesia-related malignant hyperthermia (MH) who was taking chronic oral dantrolene therapy presented with right upper quadrant pain for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A multidisciplinary perioperative plan was implemented with the goal of avoiding triggering an MH episode or rhabdomyolysis. He developed a postoperative left brachial vein thrombus of unclear etiology, possibly related to dantrolene administration or his underlying susceptibility to MH.

Safety and Effectiveness of a Novel Facemask for Positive Pressure Ventilation.

Background: Manual positive pressure ventilation is an essential skill in a variety of clinical situations. The C&E technique is commonly used with standard facemasks to provide effective ventilation. The Tao mask is a novel design that allows a more ergonomic grip.

Management of aortic valve bypass surgery.

The 3 leading causes of aortic stenosis (AS) in adults are calcific degeneration of a normal trileaflet aortic valve (AV), calcific degeneration of a congenital bicuspid AV, and rheumatic AS. Therapeutic options in patients with severe AS include aortic valve replacement (AVR), transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), or aortic valve bypass (AVB). An AVB involves the placement of a valved conduit between the apex of the left ventricle and the descending thoracic aorta.

The effect of neuromuscular blockade on mask ventilation.

We wished to test the hypothesis that neuromuscular blockade facilitates mask ventilation. In order reliably and reproducibly to assess the efficiency of mask ventilation, we developed a novel grading scale (Warters scale), based on attempts to generate a standardised tidal volume. Following induction of general anaesthesia, a blinded anaesthesia provider assessed mask ventilation in 90 patients using our novel grading scale.

The nuclear matrix shell proteome of human epidermis.

Background: Proteomic approaches have identified cancer specific biomarker proteins in the nuclear matrix fraction of cancer cells. We wanted to determine whether a similar approach could be used to investigate melanoma biomarkers.

Objective: Since it was not clear that a nuclear matrix fraction could be isolated from the intact human epidermis, we first wanted to determine whether a nuclear matrix fraction could be isolated from the intact epidermis of human skin.

Differential gene expression in primary human skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts in response to ionizing radiation.

Although skin is usually exposed during human exposures to ionizing radiation, there have been no thorough examinations of the transcriptional response of skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes to radiation. The transcriptional response of quiescent primary fibroblasts and keratinocytes exposed to from 10 cGy to 5 Gy and collected 4 h after treatment was examined. RNA was isolated and examined by microarray analysis for changes in the levels of gene expression.

Transient dephosphorylation of p53 serine 376 as an early response to ionizing radiation.

In a previous paper we reported that the cytoplasmic sequestered p53 in cells of the SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cell line could be induced to translocate to the nucleus by exposure to ionizing radiation. We have extended these studies to determine the fate of p53 in HCT116 colorectal carcinoma cells where constitutive p53 protein resides in the nucleus. A continuous increase in the nuclear p53 protein was observed in irradiated cells beginning 1 h after irradiation that persisted for 8 h.

An evaluation of the T-Line Tensymeter continuous noninvasive blood pressure device during induced hypotension.

A new continuous noninvasive blood pressure measurement device, the T-Line Tensymeter TL100 (Tensys Medical Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) which enables avoidance of arterial cannulation has been developed. We compared the values obtained using the T-Line values to simultaneous arterial line measurements in patients undergoing general anaesthesia with induced hypotension.

Protein phosphorylation in irradiated human melanoma cells.

In the present study, we examined the response of confluent, primary human fibroblasts and cells of a melanoma (YUSAC2) cell line to ionizing radiation mediated through post-translational protein phosphorylation. Since the purpose of our study was to identify novel radiation-induced phosphoproteins in the DNA damage stress response of melanoma cells, we were primarily interested in changes in protein phosphoserine expression at early times after irradiation. Our rationale was that by examining the overall protein phosphorylation profile (the phosphoproteome) in irradiated cells, we might discover novel radiation-induced phosphoproteins that distinguish fibroblasts from melanoma cells.

The accuracy of electrocardiogram-controlled central line placement.

Background: Electrocardiogram (ECG) guidance to confirm accurate positioning of central venous catheters (CVC), placed before surgery in the operating room, is rarely used in the United States. We designed this randomized, controlled trial to investigate whether the use of this technique impacts the accuracy of CVC placement.

Methods: Patients in group ECG (n = 147) had a CVC placed using right-atrial ECG to guide catheter tip positioning.

The role of anesthesiologists in the selection and administration of perioperative antibiotics: a survey of the American Association of Clinical Directors.

The importance of timely administration of antibiotics for prophylaxis of surgical site infections has led to pressure on anesthesiologists to administer antibiotics. We present a survey of members of the American Association of Clinical Directors designed to evaluate the role of the anesthesiologist in the selection and administration of perioperative antibiotics. A 13-question survey was sent via e-mail to all 233 members of the American Association of Clinical Directors.

Melanoma cells express elevated levels of phosphorylated histone H2AX foci.

When human cells sustain a DNA double-strand break (dsb), histone H2AX in chromatin surrounding the DNA break is phosphorylated, marking repair foci. The number of phosphorylated histone H2AX (gammaH2AX) foci approximates the number of dsb present in the cell's nuclear DNA. We observed 0.