Visual inspection time as an accessible measure of processing speed: A validation study in children with cerebral palsy.

Objective: This study examined the validity of a visual inspection time (IT) task as a measure of processing speed (PS) in a sample of children with and without cerebral palsy (CP). IT tasks measure visualization speed without focusing on the motor response time to indicate decision making about the properties of those stimuli.

Methods: Participants were 113 children ages 8-16, including 45 with congenital CP, and 68 typically developing peers.

Interventions to improve executive functions in children aged 3 years and under: A systematic review.

Background: Early executive functioning (EF) skills are foundational capabilities that predict school readiness, academic development and psychiatric risk. Early interventions enhancing these capabilities could have critical import in improving outcomes. However, to develop interventions, it is necessary to identify specific EF skills that will vary with child age.

Prevention of Parenteral Nutrition-associated Cholestasis Using Reduced Dose Soybean Lipid Emulsion: A Multicenter Randomized Trial.

Introduction: Reducing soybean lipid emulsion (SLE) dose may prevent parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC) but effects on growth and neurodevelopment are unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of reduced dose SLE on growth and neurodevelopment.

Methods: Surgical neonates at 4 centers were randomized to standard SLE (3 g/kg/day) or reduced SLE (1 g/kg/day) over a 12-week period.

Convergent Validity Between the Motor Domain of PediaTrac and in Term and Preterm Infants at 2, 4, 6, and 9 Months of Age.

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the convergent validity of the Motor domain (MOT) of PediaTrac v3.0, an online developmental tracking instrument based on caregiver reports, with fine and gross motor domains (ASQ-FM and ASQ-GM) of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3) in infants between 2- and 9 months of age. Participants were caregivers of 571 infants born term or preterm (gestational age <37 weeks) enrolled in a multi-site psychometric study of PediaTrac.

Measuring Early Relational Health Using PediaTrac TM in a Diverse Sample of Infant-Caregiver Dyads.

Objective: Early relational health (ERH) is a key developmental predictor and outcome in infancy and early childhood that reflects social-emotional well-being and promotes resilience throughout childhood. Currently, there is no gold-standard developmental screening tool for ERH in pediatric care settings. This study examined the psychometric properties of items assessing ERH that are part of a web-based, caregiver-report screening tool called PediaTrac TM .

[Formula: see text] Caregiver-reported infant motor and imitation skills predict M-CHAT-R/F.

Altered motor and social-communicative abilities in infancy have been linked to later ASD diagnosis. Most diagnostic instruments for ASD cannot be utilized until 12 months, and the average child is diagnosed substantially later. Imitation combines motor and social-communicative skills and is commonly atypical in infants at risk for ASD.

Longitudinal caregiver-reported motor development in infants born at term and preterm.

Aim: To examine the extent to which estimates of a latent trait or underlying construct of motor ability differ in infants born at term and preterm, based on caregiver ratings of the motor domain of PediaTrac v3.0.

Method: The sample consisted of 571 caregiver-infant dyads (331 born at term, 240 born preterm), 48% female, with 51.

P300-Based Brain-Computer Interface Speller Performance Estimation with Classifier-Based Latency Estimation.

Performance estimation is a necessary step in the development and validation of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) systems. Unfortunately, even modern BCI systems are slow, making collecting sufficient data for validation a time-consuming task for end users and experimenters alike. Yet without sufficient data, the random variation in performance can lead to false inferences about how well a BCI is working for a particular user.

Feasibility and acceptability of a remote, hands-free cognitive battery for adults with traumatic spinal cord injury.

Purpose/objective: To evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of testing the cognitive abilities of adults with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) via teleconference.

Research Design: Data were collected prospectively at two study sites from 75 adults living with TSCI. Participants completed a series of self-report measures via an online survey platform, in addition to a brief battery of cognitive testing administered via audio-video teleconference.

Caregiver-reported development in term and preterm infants from birth to nine months of age: Psychometrics of the PediaTracTM social/communication/cognition domain.

Term and preterm neonates were assessed at the newborn (NB) period (term, term equivalent) and at 2, 4, 6, and 9 months in a study of the psychometric properties of the Social/Communication/Cognition (SCG) domain of PediaTrac™ v3.0, a novel caregiver-based developmental monitoring instrument. Item response theory (IRT) was used to model item parameters and estimate theta, an index of the latent trait, social/communication/cognition.

Individualized Electrode Subset Improves the Calibration Accuracy of an EEG P300-design Brain-Computer Interface for People with Severe Cerebral Palsy.

Objective: This study examined the effect of individualized electroencephalogram (EEG) electrode location selection for non-invasive P300-design brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) in people with varying severity of cerebral palsy (CP).

Approach: A forward selection algorithm was used to select the best performing 8 electrodes (of an available 32) to construct an individualized electrode subset for each participant. BCI accuracy of the individualized subset was compared to accuracy of a widely used default subset.

The influence of sociodemographic factors and response style on caregiver report of infant developmental status.

Caregiver report is the most feasible way to assess early childhood development but is susceptible to the influences of response style and sociodemographic factors. In a sample of 571 caregiver-infant dyads (47.8% female; 48% White), we compared caregiver reports on the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-Third Edition (ASQ-3) with reports on a novel, web-based assessment, PediaTrac™.

Longitudinal changes in term and preterm infant night wakings: The role of caregiver anxious-depression.

Changes in infant night waking during the first year of life are associated with individual (e.g., prematurity) and family (e.

A validation and acceptability study of cognitive testing using switch and eye-gaze control technologies for children with motor and speech impairments: A protocol paper.

Despite the importance of knowing the cognitive capabilities of children with neurodevelopmental conditions, less than one-third of children with cerebral palsy participate in standardized assessments. Globally, approximately 50% of people with cerebral palsy have an intellectual disability and there is significant risk for domain-specific cognitive impairments for the majority of people with cerebral palsy. However, standardized cognitive assessment tools are not accessible to many children with cerebral palsy, as they require manual manipulation of objects, verbal response and/or speeded response.

Challenges of brain-computer interface facilitated cognitive assessment for children with cerebral palsy.

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have been successfully used by adults, but little information is available on BCI use by children, especially children with severe multiple impairments who may need technology to facilitate communication. Here we discuss the challenges of using non-invasive BCI with children, especially children who do not have another established method of communication with unfamiliar partners. Strategies to manage these challenges require consideration of multiple factors related to accessibility, cognition, and participation.

Caregiver-reported newborn term and preterm motor abilities: psychometrics of the PediaTrac Motor domain.

Background: Approximately 5-10% of children exhibit developmental deviations in motor skills or other domains; however, physicians detect less than one-third of these abnormalities. Systematic tracking and early identification of motor deviations are fundamental for timely intervention.

Methods: Term and preterm neonates were prospectively assessed at the newborn (NB) period in a study of the psychometric properties of the Motor (MOT) domain of PediaTrac v3.

Preliminary psychometric properties of a standard vocabulary test administered using a non-invasive brain-computer interface.

Objective: To examine measurement agreement between a vocabulary test that is administered in the standardized manner and a version that is administered with a brain-computer interface (BCI).

Method: The sample was comprised of 21 participants, ages 9-27, mean age 16.7 (5.

Cumulative risk, infant sleep, and infant social-emotional development.

The effect of cumulative biological, psychosocial, and demographic risk and infant sleep on infant social-emotional functioning in 12-month-old infants (46% female) was examined in data from racially (30% Black, 60% White, 10% multiracial/other) and socioeconomically (41% below median income) diverse caregivers (N = 468, M = 30.42 years old, SD = 5.65) recruited from two midwestern states in 2019-2020.

PediaTrac V.3.0 protocol: a prospective, longitudinal study of the development and validation of a web-based tool to measure and track infant and toddler development from birth through 18 months.

Introduction: The need for an efficient, low-cost, comprehensive measure to track infant/toddler development and treatment outcomes is critical, given the importance of early detection and monitoring. This manuscript describes the protocol for the development and testing of a novel measure, PediaTrac, that collects longitudinal, prospective, multidomain data from parents/caregivers to characterise infant/toddler developmental trajectories in term and preterm infants. PediaTrac, a web-based measure, has the potential to become the standard method for monitoring development and detecting risk in infancy and toddlerhood.

Impact of sleep-disordered breathing on behavior and quality of life in children aged 2 to 7 years with non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate.

Introduction: Children with cleft are at high risk for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). However, little is known about the impact of SDB in this pediatric population. The aim of this study was to investigate whether SDB play a role in behavior and quality of life (QoL) in young children with cleft.

Sleep-related movement disorders and growing pains: differences in daytime and bedtime behavior in 2-6 year old children with cleft palate.

Background: Behavioural difficulties are common in children with sleep disorders. However, up to now no study has investigated the association between sleep-related movement disorders (SRMD) and behavior in children with craniofacial cleft. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and impact of SRMD and growing pains in daytime/bedtime behavior in young children with cleft palate.

Association between habitual snoring, middle ear disease, and speech problems in young children with non-syndromic cleft palate anomalies.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between habitual snoring (HS), middle ear disease (MED), and speech problems in children with cleft palate. This cross-sectional study included children aged 2.0-7.

Clinical factors associated with mood affective disorders among adults with cerebral palsy.

Objective: To determine individual and aggregated associations of cerebral palsy (CP)-related symptoms and the effect of comorbid neurodevelopmental conditions on mood (affective) disorders among adults with CP.

Methods: Cross-sectional data from 2016 were extracted from a random 20% sample of the Medicare fee-for-service database. diagnosis codes were used to identify 18- to -64-year-old beneficiaries with CP, as well as mood (affective) disorders, pain, sleep disorders, fatigue, and comorbid neurodevelopmental conditions (intellectual disabilities [ID], autism spectrum disorders [ASD], and epilepsy).

Effect of pain on mood affective disorders in adults with cerebral palsy.

Aim: To determine if pain is associated with 12-month incidence of mood affective disorders (MAD) in adults with cerebral palsy (CP).

Method: Data from Optum Clinformatics Data Mart (2013-2016) were used for this retrospective cohort study. Diagnostic codes were used to identify adults (≥18y) with CP, incident cases of MAD, and covariates (other neurodevelopmental conditions, sleep disorders, arthritis).

Prevalence of Mental Health Disorders Among Adults With Cerebral Palsy: A Cross-sectional Analysis.

Background: Persons with cerebral palsy (CP) have an increased risk for secondary chronic conditions during childhood, including mental health disorders. However, little is known about how these disorders affect adults with CP.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of mental health disorders among adults with CP compared with those without CP.