A little more conversation, a little more action, please: the carbon footprint of travelling to conferences of the European Health Psychology Society.

Introduction: The environmental impact of on-site conferences, with air travel as the primary contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, has prompted a surge in research in recent years. The objective of this report is to raise awareness and stimulate transformation in the organisation of meetings of the European Health Psychology Society (EHPS).

Methods: We conducted estimations of travel-related COeq emissions of EHPS conferences in 2019, 2022, and 2023, and performed projections for 2024 and 2025.

Abortion Surveillance - United States, 2022.

Problem/condition: CDC conducts abortion surveillance to document the number and characteristics of women obtaining legal induced abortions and the number of abortion-related deaths in the United States.

Period Covered: 2022.

Description Of System: Each year, CDC requests abortion data from the central health agencies for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and New York City.

Extending Our Understanding of the Social Determinants of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors in Families: A Systems Mapping Approach.

Background: The social environment is important to consider for effective promotion of movement behaviors like increased physical activity (PA) and reduced sedentary behavior (SB); yet, it is less often considered than individual and built environments. One way to advance social environment research is to develop system maps, an innovative, participatory, action-oriented research process that actively engages stakeholders to visualize system structures and explore how systems "work." The purpose of this research was to develop PA and SB system maps of the social environment embedded within the core/nuclear family system.

Anesthetic considerations for fetal interventions.

Fetal therapy is a well-established but rapidly evolving field discipline. Fetal interventions require a multidisciplinary team approach that emphasizes collaboration and communication. The success of a fetal therapy program relies on the availability of a comprehensive obstetric and neonatal care team, support services, and advanced imaging.

Impact of nitrous oxide use on parturient recall of neuraxial analgesia risks.

Study Objective: Nitrous oxide affects memory and recall. We aimed to determine if using nitrous oxide during labor affected patients' ability to learn and recall the risks and benefits of neuraxial analgesia.

Design: Single-center, prospective cohort study.

Layperson-Delivered Telephone-Based Behavioral Activation Among Low-Income Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The HEAL-HOA Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Older adults are particularly vulnerable to loneliness and its physical and psychosocial sequelae, but scalable interventions are lacking, especially during disasters such as pandemics.

Objective: To compare the effects of layperson-delivered, telephone-based behavioral activation and mindfulness interventions vs telephone-based befriending on loneliness among at-risk older adults.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This assessor-blinded, 3-arm randomized clinical trial screened Chinese older adults through household visits and community referrals from April 1, 2021, to April 30, 2023, in Hong Kong.

Patient-driven research priorities for patient-centered measurement.

Background: Patient-centred measurement (PCM) emphasizes a holistic approach wherein the voices of patients are reflected in the standardized use of patient-reported outcome and experience measures and are represented throughout the continuum of measurement activities. Given the challenges of routinely integrating patient self-reports into clinical care decisions, the perspectives of all healthcare system stakeholders, especially patients, is necessary to advance the science of PCM. The purpose of the analysis we report on here was to identify patient-driven research priorities for advancing the science of PCM.

Falls prevention is more than just promoting physical health: evaluation of the group-based, out-patient prevention program 'Staying safe and active in old age - falls prevention'.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the German falls prevention program 'Staying safe and active in old age - falls prevention', which is already established in practice.

Methods: The single-arm intervention study consisted of two time points, 6 months apart, to evaluate the multifactorial falls prevention program ( = 125 at Time 2). We observed the groups and their trainers and assessed which behavior change techniques (BCTs) were used.

'Who tells me when to stay active or to leave?' age differences in and predictors of endorsement of prescriptive views of aging.

Objectives: Prescriptive views of aging (PVoA) are normative age-based expectations about age-appropriate behavior for older adults, e.g. that they should stay fit/active (active aging norms) but also behave altruistically toward younger generations (altruistic disengagement norms).

A Simple Risk Adjustment for Hospital-Level Nulliparous, Term, Singleton, Vertex, Cesarean Delivery Rates and Its Implications for Public Reporting.

Background: The Joint Commission uses nulliparous, term, singleton, vertex, cesarean delivery (NTSV-CD) rates to assess hospitals' perinatal care quality through the Cesarean Birth measurement (PC-02). However, these rates are not risk-adjusted for maternal health factors, putting this measure at odds with the risk adjustment paradigm of most publicly reported hospital quality measures. Here, the authors tested whether risk adjustment for readily documented maternal risk factors affected hospital-level NTSV-CD rates in a large health system.

Effects of Community-Wide Teen Pregnancy Prevention Initiatives on Local Teen Birth Rates in the United States: A Synthetic Control Approach.

The impact of community-wide teen pregnancy prevention initiatives (CWIs) on local U.S. birth rates among adolescents aged 15 to 19 years was examined using synthetic control methodology within a quasi-experimental design.

Changes in Breastfeeding and Related Maternity Care Practices After Hurricanes Irma and Maria in Puerto Rico.

Breastfeeding is recommended globally for most infants, especially during and after natural disasters when risk of adverse outcomes increases because of unsanitary conditions and lack of potable water. Using 2017-2019 data from Puerto Rico's Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System for 2,448 respondents with a recent live birth, we classified respondents into 4 hurricane exposure time periods based on infant birth month and year relative to when Hurricanes Irma and Maria occurred: (1) prehurricane; (2) acute hurricane; (3) posthurricane, early recovery; and (4) posthurricane, long-term recovery. We examined the association between maternity care practices during delivery hospitalization and exclusive breastfeeding at 3 months overall and stratified by time period.

Study protocol of the 'HEAL-HOA' dual randomized controlled trial: Testing the effects of volunteering on loneliness, social, and mental health in older adults.

Background: Interventions to reduce loneliness in older adults usually do not show sustained effects. One potential way to combat loneliness is to offer meaningful social activities. Volunteering has been suggested as one such activity - however, its effects on loneliness remain to be tested in randomized controlled trials (RCT).

Transfusion targets and adverse events in pediatric perioperative acute Anemia.

Study Objective: To evaluate the association between pretransfusion and posttransfusion hemoglobin concentrations and the outcomes of children undergoing noncardiac surgery.

Design: Retrospective review of patient records. We focused on initial postoperative hemoglobin concentrations, which may provide a more useful representation of transfusion adequacy than pretransfusion hemoglobin triggers (the latter often cannot be obtained during acute surgical hemorrhage).

Systemic Immune Modulation by Gastrointestinal Nematodes.

Gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infection has applied significant evolutionary pressure to the mammalian immune system and remains a global economic and human health burden. Upon infection, type 2 immune sentinels activate a common antihelminth response that mobilizes and remodels the intestinal tissue for effector function; however, there is growing appreciation of the impact GIN infection also has on the distal tissue immune state. Indeed, this effect is observed even in tissues through which GINs never transit.

Robotic-Assisted In-Bed Mobilization in Ventilated ICU Patients With COVID-19: An Interventional, Randomized, Controlled Pilot Study (ROBEM II Study).

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted global healthcare systems, particularly in managing critically ill mechanically ventilated patients. This study aims to assess the feasibility of robotic-assisted mobilization in COVID-19 patients.

Design: Randomized controlled pilot study.

Effects of volunteering over six months on loneliness, social and mental health outcomes among older adults: The HEAL-HOA Dual Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To determine the beneficial effects of volunteering as lay counselor via telephone on own loneliness, social network engagement, perceived social support, stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN, SETTING, INTERVENTION, AND PARTICIPANTS: "Helping Alleviate Loneliness in Hong Kong Older Adults" (HEAL-HOA), a dual randomized controlled trial, was implemented to test effects of telephone-based psychosocial interventions delivered by older-adult volunteers for low-income lonely older adults. To evaluate the effects of volunteering on loneliness, we randomized 375 individuals ages 50-70 into a volunteering condition versus an active control (psychoeducation with social gatherings).

Changes in attitudes, beliefs, and experiences related to pregnancy during graduate medical education training from 2005 to 2021.

Today, 50% of medical students are women, and residency and fellowship training years overlap with peak times for starting families. The authors describe attitudes toward pregnancy during residency and fellowship and report pregnancy rates and complications for female residents and resident partners across several decades. A web-based survey was emailed to 1,057 residents in 2005 (period 1) and 1,860 residents in 2021 (period 2).

Breastfeeding by Disability Status in the United States: Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, 2018-2020.

To describe breastfeeding initiation and breastfeeding at 1, 2, and 3 months, and information sources on breastfeeding among women with a recent live birth by disability status. We analyzed October 2018 to December 2020 data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System for 24 sites in the United States that included the Washington Group Short Set of Questions on Disability (seeing, hearing, walking or climbing stairs, remembering or concentrating, self-care, communicating). We defined disability as reporting "a lot of difficulty" or "cannot do this at all" on any of these questions.

The use of EQ-5D-5L as a patient-reported outcome measure in evaluating community rehabilitation services in Alberta, Canada.

Background: The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics and health-related quality of life (HRQL) of patients accessing community rehabilitation services in Alberta, Canada, using routinely collected EQ-5D-5L data, and explore factors associated with the impact of these services.

Methods: A retrospective, longitudinal, observational design was used. Patients completed the EQ-5D-5L and demographic questions at intake and end of rehabilitation care.

Transoral robotic surgery without adjuvant therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between surgical margins and local recurrence.

Background: Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) is increasingly employed in the management of oropharyngeal cancer without adjuvant treatment. Attaining safe surgical margins is paramount to preventing local recurrence (LR), but the necessary surgical margin dimension remains contentious.

Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting margin status and LR following TORS without adjuvant therapy for primary OPSCC.

Timing of Postpartum Depressive Symptoms.

Introduction: Postpartum depression is a serious public health problem that can adversely impact mother-child interactions. Few studies have examined depressive symptoms in the later (9-10 months) postpartum period.

Methods: We analyzed data from the 2019 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) linked with data from a telephone follow-up survey administered to PRAMS respondents 9 to 10 months postpartum in 7 states (N = 1,954).