The Relationship between Diet, Depression, and Alzheimer's Disease: A Narrative Review.

Purpose Of Review: This narrative review evaluates the role of diet in the relationship between depression and Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Recent Findings: AD and depression are often comorbid, and depression appears to independently increase the future risk of AD. Evidence suggests diet influences the risk of both conditions directly and indirectly.

The potential synergistic behaviour of inter- and intra-genus probiotic combinations in the pattern and rate of short chain fatty acids formation during fibre fermentation.

This study compared the rate of short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production by different probiotic combinations of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium to determine any synergistic effects. Six different fibre fractions were fermented with nine combinations of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR), Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA), Bifidobacterium longum (BL) and Bifidobacterium breve (BB) for 0, 6, 24 and 48 h. SCFAs were quantified by gas chromatography.

Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease: Can Tea Phytochemicals Play a Role in Prevention?

Dementia and diabetes mellitus are prevalent disorders in the elderly population. While recognized as two distinct diseases, diabetes has more recently recognized as a significant contributor to risk for developing dementia, and some studies make reference to type 3 diabetes, a condition resulting from insulin resistance in the brain. Alzheimer's disease, the most common form of dementia, and diabetes, interestingly, share underlying pathological processes, commonality in risk factors, and, importantly, pathways for intervention.

The influence of environmental factors on the adhesion of combinations of probiotics to rice fibre fractions.

Nine co-cultures of the Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species were tested for their ability to adhere to insoluble dietary fibre (IDF1, IDF2), soluble dietary fibre (SDF1, SDF2), and total dietary fibre (TDF1, TDF2) from two rice varieties (RR1 and RR2). Combinations of the same genus (BB + BL and LA + LR) showed 30-40 % (poor) adhesion, and combinations of different genera showed 40-50 % (moderate) adhesion, which is significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the combinations of same genus.

The effect of rice fibre fractions on the growth of co-cultures of probiotics.

The fermentation of rice dietary fibre was measured by the cell yield, pH, optical density specific growth rate and biomass using nine co-cultures of four probiotics at 0, 6, 24 and 48 h incubation. The results from the fermentation of the soluble, insoluble and total dietary fibre (SDF, IDF, and TDF) of two rice varieties were compared. Overall there was no significant difference (p < 0.