Associations between prenatal exposure to PFAS and cardiometabolic health in preadolescents.

Introduction: While a number of studies have examined the effects of prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on childhood obesity, the results reported have been inconsistent and few studies have integrated biological markers. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between prenatal exposure to PFAS and cardiometabolic health parameters at age 12, taking pubertal stage into consideration.

Method: This study included 394 mother-child pairs enrolled in the PELAGIE mother-child cohort (France).

Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants and its impact on the ovarian reserve at 12 years old in the PELAGIE mother-child cohort.

Although the ovarian reserve is constituted in utero, the literature on the effects of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) during this vulnerable period on the ovarian reserve later in life is limited. We investigated whether cord blood concentrations of POPs were associated with decreased anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH, a marker of the ovarian reserve) levels in girls at the age of 12. We included 239 girls from the French mother-child PELAGIE cohort.

Urban environment during pregnancy and lung function, wheezing, and asthma in school-age children. The generation R study.

The urban environment during pregnancy may influence child's respiratory health, but scarce evidence exists on systematic evaluation of multiple urban exposures (e.g., air pollution, natural spaces, noise, built environment) on children's lung function, wheezing, and asthma development.

Investigation of optimized observation periods for estimating a representative home range of free-roaming domestic dogs.

Free-roaming domestic dogs (FRDD), as vectors of zoonotic diseases, are of high relevance for public health. Understanding roaming patterns of dogs can help to design disease control programs and disease transmission simulation models. Studies on GPS tracking of dogs report stark differences in recording periods.

Prenatal Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Child Behavior at Age 12: A PELAGIE Mother-Child Cohort Study.

Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are chemical substances spread throughout the environment worldwide. Exposure during pregnancy represents a specific window of vulnerability for child health.

Objective: Our objective was to assess the impact of prenatal exposure to multiple PFAS on emotional and behavioral functions in 12-y-old children.

Statistical Approaches to Study Exposome-Health Associations in the Context of Repeated Exposure Data: A Simulation Study.

The exposome concept aims to consider all environmental stressors simultaneously. The dimension of the data and the correlation that may exist between exposures lead to various statistical challenges. Some methodological studies have provided insight regarding the efficiency of specific modeling approaches in the context of exposome data assessed once for each subject.

Heavy metals and diminished ovarian reserve: single-exposure and mixture analyses amongst women consulting in French fertility centres.

Research Question: Do heavy metals affect the risk of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) in women of reproductive age?

Design: A total of 139 cases and 153 controls were included between 2016 and 2020. The participants were aged between 18 and 40 years and attended consultations for couple infertility in one of four fertility centres in western France. Cases of DOR were defined as women with an antral follicle count less than 7, anti-Müllerian hormone levels 1.

Prenatal exposure to multiple persistent organic pollutants in association with adiposity markers and blood pressure in preadolescents.

Background: Several studies have reported that prenatal exposure to some persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is associated with higher adiposity in childhood. Few studies have assessed whether this finding persists into adolescence, and few have considered exposure to POPs as a mixture. This study aims to assess the association between prenatal exposure to multiple POPs and adiposity markers and blood pressure in preadolescents.

Genome-wide analysis of sex-specific differences in the mother-child PELAGIE cohort exposed to organophosphate metabolites.

In recent decades, the detrimental effects of environmental contaminants on human health have become a serious public concern. Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are widely used in agriculture, and the negative impacts of OP and its metabolites on human health have been demonstrated. We hypothesized that exposure to OPs during pregnancy could impose damaging effects on the fetus by affecting various processes.

Nutritional Modulation of Associations between Prenatal Exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants and Childhood Obesity: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may contribute to the development of childhood obesity and metabolic disorders. However, little is known about whether the maternal nutritional status during pregnancy can modulate these associations.

Objectives: The main objective was to characterize the joint associations and interactions between prenatal levels of POPs and nutrients on childhood obesity.

Serum persistent organic pollutants and diminished ovarian reserve: a single-exposure and mixture exposure approach from a French case-control study.

Study Question: Are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) associated with a diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) in women of reproductive age?

Summary Answer: Amongst 17 POPs detected in over 20% of serum samples, only p,p'-DDE was significantly associated with an increased risk of DOR, and β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH) was significantly associated with a decreased risk of DOR whilst mixture analyses yielded non-significant associations and did not detect any interactions between POPs.

What Is Known Already: Animal studies have shown that several POPs can alter folliculogenesis and increase follicle depletion. However, only a few studies have been conducted in humans, with small sample sizes and inconsistent results.

Persistent Organic Pollutant Exposure and Thyroid Function among 12-Year-Old Children.

Introduction: Polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) having numerous toxicological properties, including thyroid endocrine disruption. Our aim was to assess the impact of POPs on thyroid hormones among 12-year-old children, while taking puberty into consideration.

Methods: Exposure to 7 PCBs, 4 OCPs, and 6 PFASs (in µg/L), and free tri-iodothyronine (fT3, pg/mL), free thyroxine (fT4, ng/dL), and thyroid-stimulating hormones (TSH, mIU/L) were assessed through blood-serum measurements at age 12 years in 249 boys and 227 girls of the PELAGIE mother-child cohort (France).

Habitat selection by free-roaming domestic dogs in rabies endemic countries in rural and urban settings.

Domestic dogs can affect human health through bites and pathogen transmission, particularly in resource-poor countries where dogs, including owned ones, predominantly roam freely. Habitat and resource selection analysis methods are commonplace in wildlife studies but have not been used to investigate the environmental resource use of free-roaming domestic dogs (FRDD). The present study implements GPS devices to investigate habitat selection by FRDD from an urban site and a rural site in Indonesia, and one urban and two rural sites in Guatemala (N = 321 dogs).

Prenatal exposure to mixtures of phthalates and phenols and body mass index and blood pressure in Spanish preadolescents.

Background: Pregnant women are simultaneously exposed to several non-persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals, which may influence the risk of childhood obesity and cardiovascular diseases later in life. Previous prospective studies have mostly examined single-chemical effects, with inconsistent findings. We assessed the association between prenatal exposure to phthalates and phenols, individually and as a mixture, and body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) in preadolescents.

State-of-the-art methods for exposure-health studies: Results from the exposome data challenge event.

The exposome recognizes that individuals are exposed simultaneously to a multitude of different environmental factors and takes a holistic approach to the discovery of etiological factors for disease. However, challenges arise when trying to quantify the health effects of complex exposure mixtures. Analytical challenges include dealing with high dimensionality, studying the combined effects of these exposures and their interactions, integrating causal pathways, and integrating high-throughput omics layers.

Awareness, Knowledge, and Perceptions Regarding Rabies Prevention Among Rural Communities in Masaka District, Central Uganda: A Qualitative Study.

Rabies is a zoonotic disease that is mainly transmitted to humans through dog bites. It remains a major public health threat in many Asian and African countries, including Uganda. The main objective of this study was to investigate awareness, knowledge, and perceptions of communities toward human and dog health related to rabies prevention, as well as dog management practices within Masaka district, central Uganda.

Immune Response After Rabies Vaccination in Owned Free-Roaming Domestic Dogs in Flores Island, Indonesia.

Vaccination is the main tool to prevent the circulation of rabies in dog populations. The development of an immune response after vaccination differs between individual dogs and depends on many factors such as dog characteristics, management, or genetics. Here, we first investigated the level of, and associated factors for, the presence of binding antibodies in 130 healthy dogs from Flores Island, Indonesia.

Short- and medium-term air pollution exposure, plasmatic protein levels and blood pressure in children.

Exposure to air pollution influences children's health, however, the biological mechanisms underlying these effects are not completely elucidated. We investigated the association between short- and medium-term outdoor air pollution exposure with protein profiles and their link with blood pressure in 1170 HELIX children aged 6-11 years. Different air pollutants (NO, PM, PM, and PM) were estimated based on residential and school addresses at three different windows of exposure (1-day, 1-week, and 1-year before clinical and molecular assessment).

Ranging patterns and factors associated with movement in free-roaming domestic dogs in urban Malawi.

Rabies is a neglected zoonotic disease that causes around 59,000 deaths per year globally. In Africa, rabies virus is mostly maintained in populations of free-roaming domestic dogs (FRDD) that are predominantly owned. Characterizing the roaming behavior of FRDD can provide relevant information to understand disease spread and inform prevention and control interventions.

Prenatal exposure to phthalates and phenols and preclinical vascular health during early adolescence.

Background And Aim: Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals may increase cardiovascular risk from early life, but studies in children have shown inconsistent results, most focused on analysis of single chemicals, and none included measures of micro-vascularization as early preclinical markers. This study aimed to evaluate the association between prenatal exposure to phthalates and phenols and macro- and microvascular health during early adolescence.

Methods: Using data from a Spanish birth cohort (n = 416), prenatal exposure to eight phthalate metabolites and seven phenols (bisphenol A, four parabens, benzophenone-3, triclosan) were assessed using first and/or third trimester spot-urine concentrations.