Combination of metformin with sodium selenite induces a functional phenotypic switch of human GM-CSF monocyte-derived macrophages.

Objectives: We evaluated the effects of metformin (Met, 1,1‑dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride) combined or not with sodium selenite (Ss, NaSeO) on the functional activities of LPS-activated GM-CSF monocyte-derived macrophages (GM-MDM).

Materials And Methods: Human GM-MDMs from three healthy donors were treated with Met or Ss alone, or with the combination of Met and Ss, and assayed for various biological activities and cytokines expression.

Results: Met alone and Ss alone had significantly different effects on phagocytosis and killing capacities and IL-β production, but had similar effects on the downregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity, relative nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced (NADH) dehydrogenase (Complex I), intracellular free calcium ions (Ca), and on the upregulation of arginase activity.

High-density lipoprotein immunomodulates the functional activities of macrophage and cytokines produced during ex vivo macrophage-CD4 T cell crosstalk at the recent-onset human type 1 diabetes.

Background: Both CD4 T cells and macrophages are mainly involved in the autoimmune-mediated β-cells destruction in type 1 diabetes (T1D). The aim of this study was to examine the effect of HDL on functional activities of macrophage and its ability to regulate the production of cytokines in autologous mixed macrophage/CD4 T cells at the recent-onset human type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Cell samples were isolated from volunteers with recent-onset T1D or healthy controls.

Clinical association of baseline levels of conjugated dienes in low-density lipoprotein and nitric oxide with aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and their relationship with immunoglobulins and Th1-to-Th2 ratio.

Objective: The aim of this study was to highlight the clinical association of baseline levels of conjugated dienes in low-density lipoprotein (LDL-BCD) and nitric oxide (NO) with immunoglobulins (Igs) and T helper (Th)1/Th2 ratio in patients with newly diagnosed B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).

Patients And Methods: Thirty-two newly diagnosed patients with aggressive B-cell NHL and 25 age-, sex-, and body-mass-index-matched healthy controls were randomly selected for a cross-sectional case-control study conducted at the Hematology Department of Tlemcen Medical Centre University (northwest of Algeria).

Results: Circulating levels of LDL-BCD and NO and those of IgA and IgM were significantly higher in patients than in controls.

Macrophage Bactericidal Activities against Staphylococcus aureus Are Enhanced In Vivo by Selenium Supplementation in a Dose-Dependent Manner.

Background: Dietary selenium is of fundamental importance to maintain optimal immune function and enhance immunity during infection. To this end, we examined the effect of selenium on macrophage bactericidal activities against Staphylococcus aureus.

Methods: Assays were performed in golden Syrian hamsters and peritoneal macrophages cultured with S.

Relationship between NADPH and Th1/Th2 ratio in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma who have been exposed to pesticides.

The effect of pesticides on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen (NADPH), including its level and relationship with the T helper 1 (Th1)/Th2 ratio, in patients suffering from non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) was investigated. One hundred newly diagnosed patients with aggressive NHL (53 men, 47 women) and 40 healthy age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched controls (23 men, 17 women), exposed or not to pesticides, were recruited for a cross-sectional study conducted at the Clinical Hematology Departments of Tlemcen and Sidi Bel-Abbès University Medical Centers in the northwest of Algeria. NADPH levels were significantly increased in patients compared with controls; and in exposed patients compared with those not exposed, and controls (one-way analysis of variance; P=0.