Exploring Cannabis-Associated Presentations to Canadian Pediatric Emergency Departments: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: Recent studies found that recreational legalization of cannabis consumption for Canadian adults has increased presentation to the emergency department (ED) among children. In this descriptive study, our objectives were to (1) understand Canadian pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) providers' training and knowledge of clinical presentations associated with cannabis exposure in children and (2) describe pediatric ED presentations related to cannabis exposure across Canada following legalization in 2018.

Method: In 2021, following ethics board approval, 230 Pediatric Emergency Research Canada (PERC) network pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) physicians were invited to share about their knowledge, training, and experience with patients presenting with cannabis-associated emergencies using an anonymized survey administered through REDCap.

The perspectives of young people on barriers to and facilitators of bicycle helmet and booster seat use.

Background: Mandatory bicycle helmet and booster seat laws for children are now common across Canada and the United States. Previous research has found that despite legislation, child compliance is often low. Our objectives were to identify and compare children's perspectives on barriers to and facilitators of their use of bicycle helmets and booster seats.

A comparison of parent and child perspectives about barriers to and facilitators of bicycle helmet and booster seat use.

To date, little work has compared similarities and differences between parent and young people's perceptions of barriers to and facilitators of bicycle helmet and booster seat usage. Our goal was to conduct such a comparison in order to inform future safety campaigns. Eleven focus groups with a total of 68 parents and 11 focus groups with a total of 76 young people were conducted.

Evaluating the Manitoba Infant Feeding Database: a Canadian infant feeding surveillance system.

Objective: The Manitoba Infant Feeding Database (MIFD) is being piloted as a surveillance system leveraging infant vaccination visits as a point of contact to collect infant feeding data during the first year of life. The objective of this study was to assess data quality and acceptability of the MIFD as a sustainable population-based surveillance system.

Methods: Internal completeness and internal validity were measured to assess data quality.

Protocol for establishing an infant feeding database linkable with population-based administrative data: a prospective cohort study in Manitoba, Canada.

Introduction: Breast feeding is associated with many health benefits for mothers and infants. But despite extensive public health efforts to promote breast feeding, many mothers do not achieve their own breastfeeding goals; and, inequities in breastfeeding rates persist between high and low-income mother-infant dyads. Developing targeted programme to support breastfeeding dyads and reduce inequities between mothers of different socioeconomic status are a priority for public health practitioners and health policy decision-makers; however, many jurisdictions lack the timely and comprehensive population-level data on infant-feeding practices required to monitor trends in breastfeeding initiation and duration.

Age and the risk of All-Terrain Vehicle-related injuries in children and adolescents: a cross sectional study.

Background: The study was designed to determine if youth <16 years are at a greater risk of serious injuries related to all-terrain vehicle (ATV) use compared to older adolescents and adults.

Methods: We performed cross sectional study of children and adults presenting to pediatric and adult emergency departments between 1990 and 2009 in Canada. The primary exposure variable was age <16 years and the primary outcome measure was moderate to serious injury determined from physician report of type and severity of injury.

Challenges in the Accurate Surveillance of Booster Seat and Bicycle Helmet Usage by Children: Lessons from the Field.

Motor vehicle collisions and bicycle collisions and falls are a leading cause of death by preventable injury for children. In order to design, implement and evaluate campaigns and programs aimed at improving child safety, accurate surveillance is needed. This paper examined the challenges that confront efforts to collect surveillance data relevant to child traffic safety, including observation, interview, and focus group methods.

Child and youth injury prevention: A public health approach.

The majority of child and youth injuries are preventable. This statement provides background, direction and a statement of commitment to the issue of child and youth injury prevention in Canada. It acts as a foundation to build upon by focusing first on definitions, scope and priorities for injury prevention.

Skiing and snowboarding injury prevention.

Skiing and snowboarding are popular recreational and competitive sport activities for children and youth. Injuries associated with both activities are frequent and can be serious. There is new evidence documenting the benefit of wearing helmets while skiing and snowboarding, as well as data refuting suggestions that helmet use may increase the risk of neck injury.

Modeling improvements in booster seat use: a discrete choice conjoint experiment.

Automobile crashes are the leading cause of death in children aged 1-14 years. Many children, however, are not properly restrained in safety seats that reduce serious injury and death. This study used a discrete choice conjoint experiment to study factors influencing the decision to use booster seats.

Predicting parents' use of booster seats.

Objective: To examine the simultaneous contribution of multiple factors associated with parents' use of booster seats.

Methods: Using the theory of planned behaviour framework, constructs of the theory were tested for usefulness in predicting self-reported intent and behaviour with respect to parents' use of booster seats. Through the use of structural equation modelling, the study demonstrated the most significant predictors of the intent to use a booster seat and reported use of booster seats in a Canadian sample (n=1480) of parents of school-aged children, 4-9 years.

Developing injury indicators for Canadian children and youth: a modified-Delphi approach.

Objective: To develop a set of national injury indicators for Canadian children and youth which will eventually be used to reflect and monitor identified prevention priorities.

Methods: The Canadian Injury Indicators Development Team brought together injury researchers, policy makers, and practitioners to develop injury indicators in the following areas: overall health services implications; motor vehicle occupant; sports, recreation, and leisure; violence; and trauma care, quality, and outcomes. A modified-Delphi process was used to establish a set of indicators that met evidence-based criteria, were useful, and that would prompt action.

Is your hospital safe for children? Applying home safety principles to the hospital setting.

Objectives: To review the risks of injury to children in the hospital setting and to provide an overview of the factors which influence the approach to hospital safety, including institutional liability, hospital accreditation, patient safety and risk management issues.

Methods: Fatal and nonfatal injuries to children in the hospital setting were identified using searches of the published literature and searches of incident, complaint and claims data sources, including regulatory agency databases, litigation and claims data, and medical device hazard databases. Canadian hospital law, accreditation, patient safety and risk management literature was reviewed and summarized.

Childhood drowning in Manitoba: A 10-year review of provincial Paediatric Death Review Committee data.

Background: Drowning is the second leading cause of unintentional injury death for Canadian children up to 19 years of age. Specific regional drowning prevention strategies require a detailed understanding of patterns of injury, including risk factors. Paediatric death review committees have the opportunity to identify these risk factors, and to identify and advocate prevention strategies.

House fire injury prevention update. Part II. A review of the effectiveness of preventive interventions.

Objective: To evaluate and summarize the house fire injury prevention literature.

Methods: MEDLINE (1983 to March 1997) was searched by keyword: fire, burn, etiology, cause, prevention, epidemiology, and smoke detector/alarm. ERIC (1966 to March 1997) and PSYCLIT (1974 to June 1997) were searched by keyword: as above, and safety, skills, education, and training.

Urban and rural patterns of bicycle helmet use: factors predicting usage.

Objectives: To document current bicycle helmet use in Winnipeg, Manitoba and nearby rural communities, and to identify target groups for a helmet promotion campaign.

Methods: Cyclist helmet use was observed between 28 May and 20 August 1996 at a sample of urban and rural locations. Age, gender, helmet use, riding companion(s), location type, correct helmet use, and use of headphones were recorded.

House fire injury prevention update. Part I. A review of risk factors for fatal and non-fatal house fire injury.

Objective: To summarize house fire injury risk factor data, using relative risk estimation as a uniform method of comparison.

Methods: Residential fire risk factor studies were identified as follows: MEDLINE (1983 to March 1997) was searched using the keywords fire*/burn*, with etiology/cause*, prevention, epidemiology, and smoke detector* or alarm*. ERIC (1966 to March 1997) and PSYCLIT (1974 to June 1997) were searched by the above keywords, as well as safety, skills, education, and training.

An observational study of protective equipment use among in-line skaters.

Objectives: To describe the patterns of protective equipment use by in-line skaters in Winnipeg, Manitoba and nearby rural communities.

Methods: In-line skaters were observed for three months in 1996 at 190 urban and 30 rural sites selected using a formal sampling scheme. Age, gender, protective equipment use, skating companions, correct helmet use, and use of headphones were recorded.

All terrain vehicle ownership, use, and self reported safety behaviours in rural children.

Objectives: To describe all terrain vehicle (ATV) ownership, access, use, and safety behaviours in rural Manitoba children.

Methods: Questionnaire administered to a convenience sample of grade 6 students attending an agricultural fair.

Results: 162 grade 6 children participated.

Adams-Oliver syndrome: a case with juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia and chylothorax.

We report on a patient with Adams-Oliver syndrome and report new findings: a chylous pleural effusion and juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia. Also, our patient had congenital heart disease, confirming that heart lesions are a manifestation in this syndrome. The major manifestations of this disorder are summarized.