A medical assistant-facilitated transition activity in a pediatric cardiology clinic.

Background: Formal transition programs prepare pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) for successful lifelong management of their disease. Conducting transition program activities in pediatric cardiology clinics can be a challenge if there are limited resources. The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of a medical assistant (MA)-facilitated transition activity in increasing documentation of transition discussions and characterize staff acceptability of this intervention.

Understanding the Public's Viewpoint on Organ Donation Among Adults in Bangladesh: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study.

Background And Aims: Organ donation is the last option for patients with end-stage organ failure, but the number of people in need of transplantation outweighs the supply of donor organs. A thorough analysis of public understanding is required to design educational programs that increase public commitment to organ donation. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore Bangladeshi adults' understanding, attitudes, and willingness towards organ donation, while also investigating the sources of information, gender-specific knowledge, intentions, and the factors influencing their decisions.

A High-Throughput Immune-Oncology Screen Identifies Immunostimulatory Properties of Cytotoxic Chemotherapy Agents in TNBC.

Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) typically have a greater immune cell infiltrate and are more likely to respond to immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) than ER+ or HER2+ breast cancers. However, there is a crucial need to optimize combining chemotherapy strategies with ICI to enhance overall survival in TNBC. Therefore, we developed a high-throughput co-culture screening assay to identify compounds that enhance CD8+ T-cell-mediated tumor cell cytotoxicity.

"Genome Assembly Of The Winter Ant, Prenolepis Imparis".

The winter ant, Prenolepis imparis, is one of the most common, widespread, and conspicuous ant species in North America. P. imparis is well adapted to cold climates, and consequently, is often noted as the only active ant species during colder months.

Solvation Environment and Interface Dynamics of LiBH and LiBF Electrolytes Uncovered by Theory and Operando Optical and FTIR Spectroelectrochemistry.

In this work, we evaluated two closo-borate salts (LiBH and LiBF) in propylene carbonate from theoretical and experimental perspectives to understand how the coordination environment influences their spectroscopic and electrochemical properties. The coordination environments of the closo-borate salts were modeled via density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD). Vibrational spectra calculated from the predicted coordination environments are in agreement with experimentally measured steady-state FTIR data.

Correction: Understanding the quality of life of people living with HIV in rural and urban areas in Indonesia.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Design and In Vivo Testing of an Anatomic 3D-Printed Peripheral Nerve Conduit in a Rat Sciatic Nerve Model.

Three-dimensional (3D) printer technology has seen a surge in use in medicine, particularly in orthopedics. A recent area of research is its use in peripheral nerve repair, which often requires a graft or conduit to bridge segmental defects. Currently, nerve gaps are bridged using autografts, allografts, or synthetic conduits.

Collaborative Outcomes Study on Health and Functioning During Infection Times (COH-FIT): Global and Risk-Group Stratified Course of Well-Being and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Adolescents.

Objective: To identify the COVID-19 pandemic impact on well-being/mental health, coping strategies, and risk factors in adolescents worldwide.

Method: This study was based on an anonymous online multi-national/multi-language survey in the general population (representative/weighted non-representative samples, 14-17 years of age), measuring change in well-being (World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index [WHO-5]/range = 0-100) and psychopathology (validated composite P-score/range = 0-100), WHO-5 <50 and <29, pre- vs during COVID-19 pandemic (April 26, 2020-June 26, 2022). Coping strategies and 9 a priori- defined individual/cumulative risk factors were measured.

Work-related impacts on doctors' mental health: a qualitative study exploring organisational and systems-level risk factors.

Background: Protecting doctors' mental health has typically focused on individuals, rather than addressing organisational and structural-level factors in the work environment.

Objectives: This study uses the socioecological model (SEM) to illuminate and explore how these broader factors inform the mental health of individual doctors.

Design: Semi-structured interviews (20-25 hours) and ethnographic observations (90 hours) involving work shadowing doctors (n=14).

Protective and risk factors for social and emotional well-being of Indigenous children and adolescents: A rapid review.

Indigenous children and adolescents experience life circumstances that significantly affect their social and emotional well-being (SEWB) and limit their capacity to fulfil their potential. This contributes to inequities in health, education, employment, and justice system involvement. We aimed to synthesise the existing literature to comprehensively understand the protective and risk factors for SEWB of Indigenous youth in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and the United States (CANZUS).

Application of frailty screening instruments for older people in Sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review.

Background: Frailty and frailty screening of older people is increasingly becoming a global public health concern. The health domains and elements that constitute frailty may differ across different settings. The choice of frailty screening instruments can therefore affect frailty diagnosis and potentially delay interventions.

Workshop report: The role of Earth Observation for multi-(hazard-)risk assessment and management.

At the 2024 General Assembly of the European Geophysical Union, a workshop was organized to introduce the EO4Multihazards project and its three main research questions. The workshop included a project overview, panel discussion, group activities, and a feedback session. It also showcased an interactive poster.

A comprehensive evaluation of an artificial intelligence based digital pathology to monitor large-scale deworming programs against soil-transmitted helminths: A study protocol.

Background: Manual screening of a Kato-Katz (KK) thick stool smear remains the current standard to monitor the impact of large-scale deworming programs against soil-transmitted helminths (STHs). To improve this diagnostic standard, we recently designed an artificial intelligence based digital pathology system (AI-DP) for digital image capture and analysis of KK thick smears. Preliminary results of its diagnostic performance are encouraging, and a comprehensive evaluation of this technology as a cost-efficient end-to-end diagnostic to inform STH control programs against the target product profiles (TPP) of the World Health Organisation (WHO) is the next step for validation.

Priming from within: TLR2 dependent but receptor independent activation of the mammary macrophage inflammasome by Streptococcus uberis.

Introduction: is a member of the pyogenic cluster of commonly associated with intramammary infection and mastitis in dairy cattle. It is a poorly controlled globally endemic pathogen responsible for a significant cause of the disease worldwide. The ruminant mammary gland provides an atypical body niche in which immune cell surveillance occurs on both sides of the epithelial tissue.

How social class shapes breast cancer risk perspectives and prevention practices of Australian midlife women: a qualitative study using the concept of 'breast cancer candidacy'.

Background: The increasing incidence of breast cancer and disease burden is a significant public health concern. While 30% of breast cancers could be prevented through addressing modifiable risk factors, misconceptions among women about breast cancer risks hamper primary prevention. In the absence of primary prevention, secondary prevention such as mammography increases the early detection of breast cancer and improves health outcomes.

Traditional healing practices, factors influencing to access the practices and its complementary effect on mental health in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review.

Objectives: In areas with limited and unaffordable biomedical mental health services, such as sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), traditional healers are an incredibly well-used source of mental healthcare. This systematic review synthesises the available evidence on traditional healing practices, factors to access it and its effectiveness in improving people's mental health in SSA.

Design: Systematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses approach.

A Qualitative Study of Naturally Living Parents and Child Oral Health: Omissions and Commissions.

Background: Oral health continues to be one of the most common and costly diseases in early childhood, and there is a need for further, innovative research.

Purpose: We explored the ways naturally living parents (those who embody the "natural" within their parenting ideology and behavior) navigated and perceived their children's oral health.

Methods: Twelve participants who identified as being "naturally living parents" participated in semistructured interviews.

Training-Load Management Ambiguities and Weak Logic: Creating Potential Consequences in Sport Training and Performance.

Background: The optimization of athlete training load is not a new concept; however in recent years, the concept of "load management" is one of the most widely studied and divisive topics in sports science and medicine.

Purpose: Discuss the challenges faced by sports when utilizing training load monitoring and management, with a specific focus on the use of data to inform load management guidelines and policies/mandates, their consequences, and how we move this field forward.

Challenges: While guidelines can theoretically help protect athletes, overzealous and overcautious guidelines may restrict an athlete's preparedness, negatively influence performance, and increase injury risk.

"The Reference Genome Of The Kidnapper Ant, Polyergus Mexicanus".

Polyergus kidnapper ants are widely distributed, but relatively uncommon, throughout the Holarctic, spanning an elevational range from sea level to over 3000 m. These species are well known for their obligate social parasitism with various Formica ant species, which they kidnap in dramatic, highly coordinated raids. Kidnapped Formica larvae and pupae become integrated into the Polyergus colony where they develop into adults and perform nearly all of the necessary colony tasks for the benefit of their captors.