Assessment of Various Insulin Resistance Surrogate Indices in Thai People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Objective: To compare insulin surrogate indices with the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in Thai people with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methodology: A cross-sectional study of 97 individuals with T2D was done to determine the association between HOMAIR and seven surrogate indices for insulin resistance. IR was defined as HOMA-IR ≥2.

Ectopic Cervical Thymic Tissue Mimicking Parathyroid Hyperplasia: A Rare Occurrence Linked to Graves Disease.

Thymic hyperplasia has occasionally been reported in patients with Graves disease (GD). However, ectopic cervical thymic hyperplasia in the setting of hyperthyroid GD is exceptionally rare. We describe a case of a 54-year-old Thai woman who presented with hyperthyroidism, diplopia, and pretibial myxedema.

Clinical inertia in thyrotropin suppressive therapy for low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer: A real-world experience at an endocrine center in Bangkok.

The management of low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has evolved over time toward treatment de-escalation. However, overtreatment with supraphysiological dose of levothyroxine (LT4) continues to be observed despite current clinical guideline. This study aimed to assess the actual thyrotropin suppressive therapy for low-risk DTC patients at an endocrine center in Bangkok.

Real-World Use of Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Thai Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Private Hospital Setting.

Objective: To evaluate the real-world use of once-weekly semaglutide among Thai patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in a private hospital setting.

Methodology: A retrospective review of Thai patients with T2DM who have initiated semaglutide for at least 1 month between June 2020 and March 2022 at Theptarin Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.

Results: A total of 58 patients (50% female, mean age 55.

Profile of Levothyroxine Replacement Therapy in Graves' Disease Patients with Hypothyroidism Post-Radioactive Iodine Ablation: Focus on Different Weight-Based Regimens.

Objective: To evaluate the status of euthyroidism achieved among Thai patients with post-ablative hypothyroidism and to examine the difference between various weight-based daily levothyroxine (LT4) replacement regimens in these patients.

Methodology: We conducted a retrospective review of Thai patients with Graves' disease (GD) who developed hypothyroidism following radioactive iodine treatment from 2016 to 2020 at Theptarin hospital. Daily LT4 dose was calculated based on actual body weight (ABW), ideal body weight (IBW), and estimated lean body mass (LBM).

Duration of antithyroid drug treatment may predict weight gain after radioactive iodine therapy in patients with Graves' disease.

Background: Weight gain post-radioiodine (RAI) treatment is observed in patients with hyperthyroid Graves' disease. Previous studies, mostly in Caucasian patients, demonstrated excessive weight gain averaging 5-7 kg from initial presentation.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the extent and risk factors of weight gain in Thai patients with RAI-treated Graves' disease.

Unilateral gynecomastia as an initial presentation of hyperthyroid Graves' disease.

Summary: Graves' disease is an autoimmune condition leading to the activation of and an increase in thyroid hormone secretion. Manifestations of hyperthyroidism in Graves' disease can vary among people. In this case, we report a 24-year-old Thai man with a rare presentation of unilateral gynecomastia along with symptoms of thyrotoxicosis.

Prolonged Honeymoon Period in a Thai Patient with Adult-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

Objective: To describe a usual case of adult-onset T1DM with prolonged honeymoon period for more than 5 years.

Methods: Repeated mixed meal stimulation tests for a period of 6-12 months together with monitoring pancreatic autoantibodies and laboratory data were followed following the onset of diagnosis.

Results: We report a 24-year-old Thai patient with T1DM with sustained remission without antidiabetic medication for more than 5 years while maintaining low-carbohydrate intake and regular exercise.

Recurrence Factors and Characteristic Trends of Papillary Thyroid Cancer over Three Decades.

Background: The prevalence of thyroid cancer is rising worldwide. Although thyroid cancer has a favorable prognosis, up to 20% of patients experienced recurrent disease during the follow-up period. The present study aimed to examine the trend of incidence and factors associated with recurrence and outcomes of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in Thai patients over the last 30 years.

Impacts of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8 edition tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging system on outcomes of differentiated thyroid cancer in Thai patients.

Background: In 2018, the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8 edition (AJCC8) was introduced to replace the previous version (AJCC7) due to superiority of AJCC8 over AJCC7 for better prediction of survival from thyroid cancer.

Aim: To compare AJCC staging systems with the American Thyroid Association (ATA) risk classification for the prediction of 5-year disease-free survival (DFS), and 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) in Thai patients.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all patients with histopathologic diagnosis of DTC who were treated at Theptarin Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand from 1987 to 2019.

Practice patterns and outcomes in the management of Thai patients with Graves' disease.

Background: The treatment of hyperthyroid Graves' disease (GD) varies considerably among geographic areas. In this study, we aimed to evaluate practice patterns and treatment outcomes in Thai patients with hyperthyroid GD.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study over 35 years (1985-2019) in patients with hyperthyroid GD was conducted.

Serum T3 Level and Duration of Minimum Maintenance Dose Therapy Predict Relapse n Methimazole-Treated Graves Disease.

Background: Methimazole (MMI) has been advocated as a preferred option for most Graves disease (GD) patients. However, long-term remission after a course of MMI treatment is achieved in only 20% to 40% of patients, depending on the duration of follow-up.

Objective: To evaluate clinical factors for predicting relapse of GD in Thai patients after MMI treatment.

Impact of first-line treatment choice on long-term outcomes of hyperthyroid Graves' disease patients with thyrotoxic periodic paralysis.

Background: Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is a unique manifestation of Graves' disease. While it is uncommon in Asian, it is extremely rare in Caucasian patients (0.1-0.