Comparison of Chlorhexidine Gluconate, Sodium Hypochlorite, Neem Extract, and Microwave Radiation for Disinfection of Type IV Dental Stone.

Objective:  The present study evaluated the effect of chemical disinfectants and microwave sterilization on the removal of biofilm containing , , and from type IV dental stone.

Materials And Methods:  One hundred twenty-eight ( = 128) type IV dental cast stone specimens were prepared, and biofilms of microorganisms were cultured. Dental stone samples were subjected to disinfection protocols, including 0.

The effect of health education on quality of life (QOL) among polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) females at Karachi, Pakistan.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of nurses-led health education intervention on quality of life among polycystic ovary syndrome females.

Methods: The quasi-experimental study was conducted from May to August 2022 at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology outpatient department of Dow University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised married females aged 18-45 years, who were diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome based on the Rotterdam criteria. Nurses-led health education intervention session was conducted for all the patients.

Effects of Integrating Jaw Opening and Closing Movements with Active Neck Exercises in the Management of Chronic Non-Specific Neck Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

: It has been seen that jaw opening is associated with neck extension and jaw closing is associated with neck flexion. This natural association between the jaw and neck can be used as a novel approach to treat chronic non-specific neck pain, although the effects of this concept have never been previously evaluated as a treatment strategy. This article intends to study the effects of integrating jaw opening and closing movements along with active neck exercises versus active neck exercises alone in the management of chronic non-specific neck pain.

The effect of educational interventions by nurses through Orem's self-care theory on the ability of self-care in myocardial Infarction patients in public sector hospital: A quasi-experimental study.

Objectives: To assess the impact of educational intervention by nurses guided by Orem's theory to reinforce the self-care abilities of patients experiencing myocardial infarction.

Methods: The prospective, quasi-experimental case-control study was conducted from September 2020 to April 2021 at Dr. Ruth K.

Utility of instant messaging application, WhatsApp, as a tool to augment post-graduate radiology education.

Background: Smart phone technology including different instant messaging applications like, WhatsApp, can be used for the development of radiological skills, reporting, and performance. To determine the utility, attitude, and outcome of WhatsApp for augmenting education in FCPS radiology residency program. To assess the opinion of radiology residents regarding WhatsApp as a tool to enhance postgraduate training.

The relationship of anterior occlusion and skeletal variables with the frontal sinus index: An analytical cross-sectional study.

Objective: To determine the relationship of anterior occlusion and skeletal variables with the frontal sinus index.

Methods: The retrospective, analytical, cross-sectional, study was conducted from July to November 2020 at Dr Ishratul- Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences and Dow Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, and comprised data from 2015 to 2018 related to pre-treatment lateral cephalograms for determining frontal sinus index and other cephalometric variables. The dental casts were observed for incisor classification.

The effects of lumbar stabilization exercises with and without jaw movements in non-specific low back pain (A randomized controlled trial).

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the added effect of jaw clenching on the efficacy of lumbar stabilization exercises to manage chronic non-specific low back pain.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Sindh Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (SIPM&R) Karachi from April 2021 to April 2023. Eighty patients with chronic non-specific low back pain participated in this study.

Association of demographics, lumbar active range of motion and disability in chronic low back: a baseline data analysis of a randomized controlled trial from Pakistan.

Background: The disability and significant economic costs accredited to Low back pain (LBP) are likely to rise which is an essential problem in low and middle-income countries like Pakistan. The associated factors of LBP are age, sex, and race including physical activity, high spinal load, lifting, bending, and twisting occupations. The literature highlighted there is substantial differences in associated factors of LBP within available studies in developing countries.

Relationship of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, monocyte lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil monocyte ratio with treatment response in pulmonary tuberculosis patients during intensive phase treatment.

Objective: To determine the relationship of Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Monocyte Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR), and Neutrophil Monocyte Ratio (NMR) with treatment response in Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) patients during intensive phase treatment (IPT).

Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at Ojha Institute of Chest Diseases (OICD), Dow University of Health Sciences, from February to December 2021. 100 patients were enrolled using purposive sampling technique.

The results of surgery for renal cell carcinoma metastases of the pancreas.

Background: Pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are rare. This study evaluated the surgical pathology and outcomes after resection of RCC metastases to the pancreas.

Material And Methods: A retrospective review of from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2021, of patients who underwent pancreatic surgery for metastases from RCC.

Intrarater Reliability Of Cervical Range Of Motion Device Among Adults With And Without Chronic Non-Specific Neck Pain.

Objective: To evaluate the intrarater reliability of the cervical range of motion device among adults with and without chronic non-specific neck pain.

Methods: The analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2019 at the Sindh Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Karachi, and comprised healthy adults with no neck pain in the preceding 6 months in Group A, and adults of either gender with chronic non-specific neck pain for >3 months in Group B. The two groups were further divided into age groups 21-30 years, 31-40 years and 41-50 years.

Synchronic development of hydrocele and groin hernia during pregnancy: a case report.

Introduction: Hydroceles of the canal of Nuck are rare, and have not been described in relation to pregnancy.

Case Presentation: A 34-year-old Caucasian female patient had bilateral groin swelling debuted during her pregnancy. A preoperative magnetic resonance imaging scan found bilateral hydroceles of the canal of Nuck.

Viewing of clinical cases on social media by dentists: A cause of motivation or dissatisfaction?

Objective: To evaluate the thoughts and feelings of dentists viewing posted clinical cases (PCCs) on various social media (SM) platforms.

Methods: A questionnaire was developed, validated and its reliability was established. It was distributed (in 2022) to 355 dentists who had graduated at least 2 years prior.

Effect of Leflunomide-Metal Complexes on ROS, TNF, and Brain Indolamines in Comparison with Anti-Depressants as Adjunct Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritic Model.

Leflunomide is an isoxazole immunomodulating drug used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is adopted as a metal-containing molecule to proceed with saturated salts of essential and detected metals; it amends the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics activity of leflunomide to provide [M(Lef)]X-type complexes. Earlier it has been reported that after forming complexes with metals, leflunomide anti-arthritic activity was significantly altered in an acute arthritic model.

Community centred co-design methodology for designing and implementing socio-behavioural interventions to counter COVID-19 related misinformation among marginalized population living in the squatter settlements of Karachi, Pakistan: a methodology paper.

Background: Misinformation regarding COVID-19 pandemic and vaccination is damaging COVID-19 vaccine trust and acceptance in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC). Identification of misinformation and designing locally acceptable solutions are needed to improve COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. This study aimed to utilize community-led co-design methodology to evaluate misinformation regarding COVID-19 and develop contextual interventions to address misinformation in a marginalized peri urban slum communities of Landhi town Karachi, Pakistan.

Benign and malignant breast diseases during pregnancy and lactation: a diagnostic challenge.

Objective: To determine the frequency of breast cancer associated with pregnancy and lactation, and to evaluate the lesions on ultrasound.

Methods: The descriptive, observational study was conducted at the Dow Institute of Radiology, DUHS, Karachi from December 2020 to August 2021, and comprised of pregnant and lactating women with clinically palpable breast lumps and/or painful breast. The margins, orientation, echo pattern and associated features of the lesions were studied on ultrasound and were assigned a Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System grade.

Effects of Alt-RAMEC protocol with facemask therapy in cleft lip palate patients in a sample of Pakistani population.

Objective: The objective of the study is to evaluate the skeletal, dentoalveolar and soft tissue changes before and after treatment with Alt-RAMEC protocol and protraction headgear in comparison to the controls.

Material And Methods: A quasi experimental study was conducted in the orthodontic department on 60 patients of cleft lip and palate. These patients were divided into two groups.

A placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial of antibiotics versus probiotics as an adjuvant to nonsurgical periodontal treatment among smokers with Stage III, Grade C generalized periodontitis.

Background: Probiotics are viable microorganisms, which if delivered in appropriate dose can provide health benefits. Lactobacillus reuteri (DM17938+ATCC PTA 5289) has been recommended as a safe choice for probiotics. The objective of this study is to compare the improvement in the periodontal parameters amongst smokers with generalized periodontitis with Stage III, Grade C treated with nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) to which either an antibiotics or probiotics were given as an adjuvant.

Inter observer reliability for peritoneal carcinomatosis at computed tomography.

Objective: To determine whether there is inter-observer reliability between radiologists for reporting peritoneal carcinomatosis and computed tomography peritoneal carcinomatosis index estimation.

Methods: The retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at Dow Institute of Radiology, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Ojha campus and comprised computed tomography scans done between December 1, 2019, to May 31, 2020, that were extracted from the institutional database searched using key words 'peritoneal carcinomatosis' and/or 'serosal deposits'. The first readers had 1-4 years of post-fellowship experience, while the 2nd readers were senior radiologists.

Antimicrobial Efficacy of Silver Diamine Fluoride against : A Systematic Review of Studies.

. has been implicated in infections of treated root canals. Current irrigants and intracanal medicaments cannot eliminate completely from the root canal.

Relieving the bile ducts prior to pancreatoduodenectomy - A retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Obstructive jaundice is a common problem in pancreatic and periampullary tumors, but preoperative biliary drainage in patients with hyperbilirubinemia is still controversial. This study aimed to assess the risk of complications after preoperative drainage of biliary obstruction in patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Method: A retrospective cohort study of all patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy from January 1st, 2015 to September 30th, 2021.

Relation of salivary MMP-8 with oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma: a cross sectional analytical study.

Objectives: We aim to evaluate salivary matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-8) levels in oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) for the purpose of diagnosis at the early stage via non-invasive method.

Setting: The study was multicentre, carried out at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.

Participants: A total 60 participants of any age, sex and ethnicity were randomly selected for the purpose of this study.

Latent class trajectories of biochemical parameters and their relationship with risk of mortality in ICU among acute organophosphorus poisoning patients.

Acute poisoning is a global public health challenge. Several factors played role in high mortality among acute organophosphorus poisoning (OP) poisoning patients including clinical, vitals, and biochemical properties. The traditional analysis techniques use baseline measurements whereas latent profile analysis is a person-centered approach using repeated measurements.

Analysing root roughness and smear layer relationship by comparing contemporary dental curettes with conventional dental curettes: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Root debridement procedures for the treatment of periodontal diseases, produces root surface irregularities and smear layer on the root surface that can adversely affect the healing of periodontal tissues. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the surface texture of root after hand instrumentation with Gracey curette, After Five curette, and Mini Five curette.

Methods: A randomised, controlled clinical trial was conducted with 120 participants clinically diagnosed with chronic periodontitis.