Preparation, characterization and functional evaluation of soy protein isolate-peach gum conjugates prepared by wet heating Maillard reaction.

This study was conducted to formulate a conjugate of soy protein isolate (SPI) and peach gum (PG) with improved functional properties, interacting at mass ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 2:1, and 2:3 by Maillard reaction via wet heating method. Conjugation efficiency was confirmed by grafting degree (DG) and browning index (BI). Results indicated that DG increased with increasing concentration of PG, and decreased with increasing pH, whereas no remarkable change was observed with increasing reaction time.

Probiotics: mechanism of action, health benefits and their application in food industries.

Probiotics, like lactic acid bacteria, are non-pathogenic microbes that exert health benefits to the host when administered in adequate quantity. Currently, research is being conducted on the molecular events and applications of probiotics. The suggested mechanisms by which probiotics exert their action include; competitive exclusion of pathogens for adhesion sites, improvement of the intestinal mucosal barrier, gut immunomodulation, and neurotransmitter synthesis.

The Legacy of Plant Invasion: Impacts on Soil Nitrification and Management Implications.

Plant invasions can have long-lasting impacts on soil nitrification, which plays a critical role in nutrient cycling and plant growth. This review examines the legacy effects of plant invasion on soil nitrification, focusing on the underlying mechanisms, context dependence, and implications for management. We synthesize literature on the positive, negative and neutral legacy effects of plant invasion on soil nitrification, highlighting the complexity of these effects and the need for further research to fully understand them.

Thermal efficiency in hybrid (AlO-CuO/HO) and tri-hybrid (AlO-CuO-Cu/HO) nanofluids between converging/diverging channel with viscous dissipation function: Numerical analysis.

Heat transfer and energy storage remain a core problem for industrialists and engineers. So, the concept of new heat transfer fluids, namely, nanofluids and hybrid nanofluids, has been introduced so far. Recently, a new third generation of heat transfer fluids has been developed known as modified hybrid nanofluids (MHNs), synthesized by ternary nanomaterials and the host fluid.

Numerical Energy Storage Efficiency of MWCNTs-Propylene Glycol by Inducing Thermal Radiations and Combined Convection Effects in the Constitutive Model.

This study examines MWCNTs-PG nanofluid with a uniform dispersion of MWCNTs in PG. It is assumed that both MWCNTs and PG exist thermally in equilibrium and no slip occurs between them. MWCNTs were suspended in PG uniformly and played a significant role.

Thermal transport investigation and shear drag at solid-liquid interface of modified permeable radiative-SRID subject to Darcy-Forchheimer fluid flow composed by γ-nanomaterial.

The modern world moves towards the art of nanotechnology which is impossible without the analysis of thermal performance and thermophysical featuring of nanofluids. Therefore, a case study for Darcy-Forchheimer Flow (DFF) (γ-AlO/HO)nf over a permeable Stretching Rotating Inclined Disk (SRID) under the impacts of thermal radiation and viscus dissipation is organized. The nanofluid is synthesized by novel γ-aluminum nanomaterial and pure water.

Impact of freezing temperature (T) of AlO and molecular diameter (HO) on thermal enhancement in magnetized and radiative nanofluid with mixed convection.

The dynamics of nanofluid by considering the role of imposed Lorentz forces, thermal radiations and velocity slip effects over a vertically convectively heated surface is a topic of huge interest. Therefore, the said study is conducted for AlO-HO nanofluid. Mathematical modelling of the problem is done via nanofluid effective correlations comprising the influences of freezing temperature, molecular diameter and similarity transformations.

Spray dried nanoemulsions loaded with curcumin, resveratrol, and borage seed oil: The role of two different modified starches as encapsulating materials.

Recently, food industries are directing on the promotion of innovative food matrices fortified with bioactive compounds in order to enhance the consumer's health. Octenyl succinic anhydride modified starches (OSA-MS) such as Hi-cap100 (HCP) and purity gum 2000 (PUG) were used to fabricate emulsions co-entrapped with borage seed oil (BSO), resveratrol (RES) and curcumin (CUR), which were further spray dried to obtain powders. The fabricated microcapsules loaded with BSO, RES, and CUR displayed excellent dissolution performance, high encapsulation efficiency (≈93.

Light microscopy proved to be useful technique for morpho-anatomical examination of four wild plant species growing sideways wastewater tunnels.

The present study was conducted to determine the influence of wastewater used for irrigation purposes on anatomical characters of four wild plants with the help of light microscopy (LM). The plant selected were Trianthema portulacastrum L., Amaranthes viridis L.

and management of (Kofoid and White) Chitwood and (Taub.) Butler in cotton using organic's.

Root-knot nematodes (Kofoid and White) Chitwood and (Taub.) Butler, fungus, are very dangerous root damaging pathogens. Present study was planned to establish a chemical control of these root deteriorating pathogens under lab conditions as well as in field.

First report of brown leaf spot of rice caused by Bipolaris zeicola in Pakistan.

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the highly consumed cereal grain crops in Pakistan. In September 2017, leaf samples of cultivar Basmati-385 showing brown to dark brown spots (5 to 9 mm in diameter) that were oval or cylindrical in shape with a chlorotic yellow halo and grayish tan centers were collected from fields near the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad (31.

Integration of entomopathogenic fungi and eco-friendly insecticides for management of red palm weevil, (Olivier).

Red palm weevil () is a voracious pest of date palm worldwide. Pakistan ranks sixth in date palm production globally. Losses to date palm plantations in Pakistan sometimes surpass 10%-20%.

Carotenoid-loaded nanocarriers: A comprehensive review.

Carotenoids retain plenty of health benefits and attracting much attention recently, but they have less resistance to processing stresses, easily oxidized and chemically unstable. Additionally, their application in food and pharmaceuticals are restricted due to some limitations such as poor bioavailability, less solubility and quick release. Nanoencapsulation techniques can be used to protect the carotenoids and to uphold their original characteristics during processing, storage and digestion, improve their physiochemical properties and enhance their health promoting effects.

Kinetic flux vector splitting scheme for solving non-reactive multi-component flows.

This paper is about multi-component flow. There is no doubt that multi-component flow has a wide range of applications, specially in aerospace it plays a vital role during reentry of space ship into earth's atmosphere thats why it cannot be neglected for a proper vehicle design. In this paper one- and two-dimensional homogenous multi-component flow models are numerically investigated by using a high resolution splitting scheme and this scheme is known as Kinetic Flux Vector Splitting scheme.

A kinetic flux vector splitting scheme for shallow water equations incorporating variable bottom topography and horizontal temperature gradients.

This paper is concerned with the derivation of a well-balanced kinetic scheme to approximate a shallow flow model incorporating non-flat bottom topography and horizontal temperature gradients. The considered model equations, also called as Ripa system, are the non-homogeneous shallow water equations considering temperature gradients and non-uniform bottom topography. Due to the presence of temperature gradient terms, the steady state at rest is of primary interest from the physical point of view.

Genetic detection of peste des petits ruminants virus under field conditions: a step forward towards disease eradication.

Background: The devastating viral disease of small ruminants namely Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) declared as target for "Global Eradication" in 2015 by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). For a successful eradication campaign, molecular diagnostic tools are preferred for their specificity, efficacy and robustness to compliment prophylactic measures and surveillance methods. However, molecular tools have a few limitations including, costly equipment, multi-step template preparation protocols, target amplification and analysis that restrict their use to the sophisticated laboratory settings.