A breeding method for Ogura CMS restorer line independent of restorer source in .

The Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) line of has gained significant attention for its use in harnessing heterosis. It remains unaffected by temperature and environment and is thorough and stable. The Ogura cytoplasmic restorer line of is derived from the distant hybridization of and , but it carried a large number of radish fragments into , because there is no homologous allele of the restorer gene in , transferring it becomes challenging.

Paternal chromosome elimination of inducer triggers induction of double haploids in .

A synthetic octoploid rapeseed, Y3380, induces maternal doubled haploids when used as a pollen donor to pollinate plant. However, the mechanism underlying doubled haploid formation remains elusive. We speculated that double haploid induction occurs as the inducer line's chromosomes pass to the maternal egg cell, and the zygote is formed through fertilization.

Photosynthetic Acclimation of Shade-Grown Soybean Seedlings to a High-Light Environment.

Soybean in relay intercropping is initially exposed to a shade environment, followed by exposure to full sunlight after the harvesting of primary crops, e.g., maize.

Morphological and physiological variation of soybean seedlings in response to shade.

Soybean () is a legume species that is widely used in intercropping. Quantitative analyses of plasticity and genetic differences in soybean would improve the selection and breeding of soybean in intercropping. Here, we used data of 20 varieties from one year artificial shading experiment and one year intercropping experiment to characterize the morphological and physiological traits of soybean seedlings grown under shade and full sun light conditions.

Rapid and Synchronous Breeding of Cytoplasmic Male Sterile and Maintainer Line Through Mitochondrial DNA Rearrangement Using Doubled Haploid Inducer in .

When homozygously fertile plants were induced using doubled haploid (DH) induction lines Y3380 and Y3560, the morphology of the induced F generation was basically consistent with the female parent, but the fertility was separated, showing characteristics similar to cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) and maintainer lines. In this study, the morphology, fertility, ploidy, and cytoplasm genotype of the induced progeny were identified, and the results showed that the sterile progeny was cytoplasm sterile ( CMS) and the fertile progeny was cytoplasm. The molecular marker and test-cross experimental results showed that the fertile progeny did not carry the restorer gene of CMS and the genetic distance between the female parent and the offspring was 0.

Rapid Creation of Interspecific Hybrid Progeny to Broaden Genetic Distance through Double Haploid (DH) Inducer in .

Interspecific hybridization of rapeseed is an important way to innovate breeding resources. This research used and for artificial synthesis interspecific hybridization of F. The F self-fruiting rate was particularly low.

Genetic characteristics and ploidy trigger the high inducibility of double haploid (DH) inducer in Brassica napus.

Background: Our recently reported doubled haploid (DH) induction lines e.g., Y3380 and Y3560 are allo-octoploid (AAAACCCC, 2n = 8× ≈ 76), which can induce the maternal parent to produce DH individuals.

Maternal karyogene and cytoplasmic genotype affect the induction efficiency of doubled haploid inducer in Brassica napus.

Background: Artificial synthesis of octoploid rapeseed double haploid (DH) induction lines Y3380 and Y3560 was made possible by interspecific hybridization and genome doubling techniques. Production of pure lines by DH induction provides a new way to achieve homozygosity earlier in B.napus.

Leaf area and photosynthesis of newly emerged trifoliolate leaves are regulated by mature leaves in soybean.

Leaf anatomy and the stomatal development of developing leaves of plants have been shown to be regulated by the same light environment as that of mature leaves, but no report has yet been written on whether such a long-distance signal from mature leaves regulates the total leaf area of newly emerged leaves. To explore this question, we created an investigation in which we collected data on the leaf area, leaf mass per area (LMA), leaf anatomy, cell size, cell number, gas exchange and soluble sugar content of leaves from three soybean varieties grown under full sunlight (NS), shaded mature leaves (MS) or whole plants grown in shade (WS). Our results show that MS or WS cause a marked decline both in leaf area and LMA in newly developing leaves.

Shade Inhibits Leaf Size by Controlling Cell Proliferation and Enlargement in Soybean.

To gain more insight into the physiological function of shade and how shade affects leaf size, we investigated the growth, leaf anatomical structure, hormones and genes expressions in soybean. Soybean seeds were sown in plastic pots and were allowed to germinate and grow for 30 days under shade or full sunlight conditions. Shade treated plants showed significantly increase on stem length and petiole length, and decrease on stem diameters, shoot biomass and its partition to leaf also were significantly lower than that in full sunlight.

Transcriptome analysis of shade-induced inhibition on leaf size in relay intercropped soybean.

Multi-species intercropping is a sustainable agricultural practice worldwide used to utilize resources more efficiently. In intercropping systems, short crops often grow under vegetative shade of tall crops. Soybean, one important legume, is often planted in intercropping.