Social workers' consideration of dental support for people living with dementia: Findings from interviews and care assessment documentation.

Social work assessments underpin support plans for many people living with dementia in their own homes in England, but it is unclear how they acknowledge that dementia places people at greater risk of mouth and dental problems affecting their wellbeing. We explored if and how dental needs are addressed during care assessments and social workers' perceptions of this aspect of personal care. This study analysed (a) semi-structured interviews with 14 social workers providing support to people living with dementia in their own homes, (b) data from 39 care assessments and support plans from two English local authorities.

Socioenvironmental sugar promotion and geographical inequalities in dental health of 5-year-old children in England.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between socioenvironmental sugar promotion and geographical inequalities in the prevalence of dental caries amongst 5-year-olds living across small areas within England.

Methods: Ecological data from the National Dental Epidemiology Programme (NDEP) 2018-2019, comprising information on the percentage of 5-year-olds with tooth decay (≥1 teeth that are decayed into dentine, missing due to decay, or filled), and untreated tooth decay (≥1 decayed but untreated teeth), in lower-tier local authorities (LAs) of England. These were analysed for association with a newly developed Index of Sugar-Promoting Environments Affecting Child Dental Health (ISPE-ACDH).

Views of homecare staff and carers on oral needs and dental care for people living with dementia: A qualitative study.

Objective: People living with dementia are at risk of mouth and dental problems. Many receive help with this aspect of personal care from family carers or homecare workers. We explored the views of homecare providers and carers on how this aspect of personal care is addressed and implemented.

Frailty index and ten oral conditions in the Coyoacan cohort study: A cross-sectional analysis.

Objectives: To analyse the relationship between the Frailty Index and 10 oral conditions controlling for nutritional status among Mexican community-dwelling older people.

Background: Studies suggest that the association between frailty and oral conditions are mediated by nutrition.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional analysis includes 487 community-dwelling men and women aged ≥70 years old.

Oral Health-Related Quality of Life of Refugees in Settlements in Greece.

Introduction: The objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL) amongst refugees at emergency dental clinics in settlements in Northern Greece.

Methods: A self-reported survey was undertaken in 7 settlements. The American Dental Association questionnaire on oral health (OH) was adapted and distributed to adults attending a mobile dental clinic between July and August 2017.

A retrospective clinical study on the survival of posterior composite restorations in a primary care dental outreach setting over 11years.

Objectives: To investigate the survival in terms of time to re-intervention of composite restorations in posterior teeth among patients attending for treatment at a primary care dental outreach setting over an 11-year period and to determine whether dental, patient or operator factors influenced this.

Methods: Electronic primary dental care data were collected on individual patients, including information on their dental treatment and socio-demographics as well as service provision, key performance indicators and student activity.

Results: A total of 1086 patients had at least one posterior composite placed between 2007 and 2018.

Effect of improved cookstove intervention on childhood acute lower respiratory infection in Northwest Ethiopia: a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Background: Household air pollution exposure is linked with over 3.5 million premature deaths every year, ranking highest among environmental risk factors globally. Children are uniquely vulnerable and sensitive to the damaging health effects of household air pollution which includes childhood acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI).

Facilitators and barriers to improved cookstove adoption: a community-based cross-sectional study in Northwest Ethiopia.

Background: Among the environmental risk factors, household air pollution exposure from traditional cooking practices is one of the biggest killers globally, which mainly impacts developing countries where many families rely on traditional cooking practices. Although improved cookstove adoption is central to tackle this public health issue, the efforts to disseminate cookstove technologies have faced challenges, and the adoption rates are reported to be very low in many developing countries including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the magnitude and identify potential factors that may act as facilitators or barriers to adoption from users' point of view.

Prevalence and risk factors of acute lower respiratory infection among children living in biomass fuel using households: a community-based cross-sectional study in Northwest Ethiopia.

Background: Childhood acute lower respiratory infection in the form of pneumonia is recognized as the single largest cause of childhood death globally accounting for 16% of the overall deaths. Some studies also reported a higher prevalence of childhood acute respiratory infection in Ethiopia, which ranges from 16% up to 33.5%.

Co-design of an oral health promotion animated film with families in the South of England.

Introduction Oral health promotion interventions should be evidence-based and designed with community involvement. In England, Family Hubs are attended by families from a range of social backgrounds and provide an ideal setting for co-design of health interventions.Aim To co-design and evaluate an animated film for promoting oral health in community settings.

Deprivation, demography and missed scheduled appointments at an NHS primary dental care and training service.

Background Patients often do not attend planned routine dental appointments. This leads to unmet dental needs, under-utilisation of dental services, lost revenue for dental practice owners and lost educational opportunities when this occurs in centres of training. The aim of this project was to use electronic dental health records to investigate the factors associated with failing to attend dental appointments in an NHS primary dental care service provided free at the point of delivery.

Electronic primary dental care records in research: A case study of validation and quality assurance strategies.

Background: In dentistry, the use of electronic patient records for research is underexplored. The aim of this paper is to describe a case study process of obtaining research data (sociodemographic, clinical and workforce) from electronic primary care dental records, and outlining data cleaning and validation strategies. This study was undertaken at the University of Portsmouth Dental Academy (UPDA), which is a centre of education, training and provision of state funded services (National Health Services).

Preexposure Prophylaxis for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Prevention Among HIV-uninfected Pregnant Women: Estimated Coverage Using Risk-based Versus Regional Prevalence Approaches.

Antenatal register data from 62 clinics in 5 regions of Kenya were used to estimate women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk (partner HIV status, syphilis). With individual risk-guided preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) offer in all regions, 39% of pregnant women would be offered PrEP nationally. Offering PrEP to all women in high-prevalence regions reached 26% of the pregnant women.

Evidence summary: the relationship between oral health and dementia.

This is the fourth and final paper of a series of reviews undertaken to explore the relationships between oral health and general medical conditions, in order to support teams within Public Health England, health practitioners and policy makers. This review aimed to explore the most contemporary evidence on whether poor oral health and dementia occurs in the same individuals or populations, to outline the nature of the relationship between these two health outcomes and to discuss the implication of any findings for health services and future research. The review was undertaken by a working group comprising consultant clinicians from medicine and dentistry, trainees, public health and academic staff.

Promoting access to dental care in South London: adult patients' perspectives.

Objective: To evaluate patients' views on health service initiatives established to improve uptake of NHS primary dental care amongst adult patients in a socially deprived area, comparing practices with extended and regular contract capacity.

Study Design: Service evaluation and cross-sectional survey.

Method: Questionnaire survey of patients attending a random sample of dental practices in three inner-metropolitan boroughs of south London following initiatives to improve access to dental care (across dental practices delivering regular and extended contracts for services) exploring attendance patterns and the influence and awareness of local initiatives to promote access.

Evidence summary: The relationship between oral diseases and diabetes.

Introduction This paper is the third of four rapid reviews undertaken to explore the relationships between oral health and general medical conditions in order to support teams within Public Health England, health practitioners and policymakers.Aims This review aimed to explore the nature of the association between poor oral health and diabetes when found in the same individuals or populations, having reviewed the most contemporary evidence in the field.Methods The reviews were undertaken by four groups each comprising consultant clinicians from medicine and dentistry, trainees, public health and academics.

Evidence summary: the relationship between oral health and pulmonary disease.

Introduction This paper is the second of four reviews exploring the relationships between oral health and general medical conditions, in order to support teams within Public Health England, health practitioners and policymakers.Aim This review aimed to explore the most contemporary evidence on whether poor oral health and pulmonary disease occurs in the same individuals or populations, to outline the nature of the relationship between these two health outcomes, and discuss the implication of any findings for health services and future research.Methods The work was undertaken by a group comprising consultant clinicians from medicine and dentistry, trainees, public health, and academics.

Evidence summary: the relationship between oral and cardiovascular disease.

Aim This paper reports on one review of four rapid reviews undertaken to explore the relationships between oral health and general medical conditions, in order to support teams within Public Health England, health practitioners and policy makers. This review aimed to explore the most contemporary evidence on whether poor oral health and cardiovascular disease occurs in the same individuals or populations, to outline the nature of the relationship between these two health outcomes and to discuss the implication of any findings for health services and future research.Methods The review was undertaken by a group comprising consultant clinicians from medicine and dentistry, trainees, public health and academics.

Dental Treatment in a State-Funded Primary Dental Care Facility: Contextual and Individual Predictors of Treatment Need?

Objective: This study examined individual and contextual factors which predict the dental care received by patients in a state-funded primary dental care training facility in England.

Methods: Routine clinical and demographic data were extracted from a live dental patient management system in a state-funded facility using novel methods. The data, spanning a four-year period [2008-2012] were cleaned, validated, linked by means of postcode to deprivation status, and analysed to identify factors which predict dental treatment need.

Quality of life of family caregivers of children with orofacial clefts in Nigeria: a mixed-method study.

Background: Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are common birth defects that may impose a large burden on the health and psychosocioeconomic well-being of affected individuals and families. This study aims to identify qualitative factors that affect the quality of life (QOL) of family caregivers of children with OFCs.

Methods: A mixed-method study in which family caregivers of OFCs children were consecutively recruited from cleft clinics over a 3-month period.

Alternative scenarios: harnessing mid-level providers and evidence-based practice in primary dental care in England through operational research.

Background: In primary care dentistry, strategies to reconfigure the traditional boundaries of various dental professional groups by task sharing and role substitution have been encouraged in order to meet changing oral health needs.

Aim: The aim of this research was to investigate the potential for skill mix use in primary dental care in England based on the undergraduate training experience in a primary care team training centre for dentists and mid-level dental providers.

Methods: An operational research model and four alternative scenarios to test the potential for skill mix use in primary care in England were developed, informed by the model of care at a primary dental care training centre in the south of England, professional policy including scope of practice and contemporary evidence-based preventative practice.

Dental skill mix: a cross-sectional analysis of delegation practices between dental and dental hygiene-therapy students involved in team training in the South of England.

Background: Research suggests that health professionals who have trained together have a better understanding of one another's scope of practice and are thus equipped for teamwork during their professional careers. Dental hygiene-therapists (DHTs) are mid-level providers that can deliver routine care working alongside dentists. This study examines patterns of delegation (selected tasks and patients) by dental students to DHT students training together in an integrated team.

The relationship between access to and use of dental services following expansion of a primary care service to embrace dental team training.

Objectives: To investigate changes in the patient population and treatment case-mix within an expanded primary care dental training facility in Southern England.

Study Design: Cross-sectional analysis of patient management system data.

Method: Electronic data for patients with a closed/completed treatment plan in the 12-month period prior to, and following, dental service expansion were extracted for analysis (n = 4343).