Clinical characteristics of malignant germ cell tumors in adolescents: A multicenter 10-year retrospective study in Beijing.

Background: The aim of this study was to review clinical features of adolescent malignant germ cell tumors (MGCTs) in Beijing and analyze the peculiar characteristics of this age group.

Methods: Clinical characteristics, pathological presentations, and survival outcomes of 34 patients were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: Of 34 patients, 12 girls and 22 boys, 18 (52.

Plasma metabolite profiles identify pediatric medulloblastoma and other brain cancer.

Medulloblastoma is a malignancy of the central nervous system that occurs most frequently in childhood and is often difficult to diagnose due to its similarities to conventional imaging findings for other pediatric intracranial tumors such as astrocytomas and ependymomas. The purpose of this study was to identify new metabolites and differential metabolic pathways by analyzing the significantly different metabolites present in the plasma of children with medulloblastoma in comparison with those with other intracranial tumors. Plasma was collected from 37 children with medulloblastoma and 34 children with other intracranial tumors.

Tumor-Associated Macrophages Correlate With Prognosis in Medulloblastoma.

Purpose: Macrophage polarization plays an essential role in the tumor microenvironment of brain tumors. However, the role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in medulloblastoma still remains controversial. Thus, we investigated the distribution of macrophages in medulloblastoma tissues and analyzed the association of TAM recruitment and medulloblastoma patients' outcomes.

Clinical study of MAP2K1-mutated Langerhans cell histiocytosis in children.

Purpose: To analyze the genetic and clinical features of children with MAP2K1-mutated Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH).

Methods: We compared the clinical features of 37 children with MAP2K1-mutated LCH with those of the BRAF mutation group (n = 133) and no known mutation group (n = 59) in the same period.

Results: We found 13 mutations of the MAP2K1 gene, which were mainly concentrated at p.

Changes in Peripheral Blood Regulatory T Cells and IL-6 and IL-10 Levels Predict Response of Pediatric Medulloblastoma and Germ Cell Tumors With Residual or Disseminated Disease to Craniospinal Irradiation.

Purpose: Radiation therapy (RT) modulates immune cells and cytokines, resulting in both clinically beneficial and detrimental effects. The changes in peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets and cytokines during RT for pediatric brain tumors and the association of these changes with therapeutic outcomes have not been well described.

Methods And Materials: The study population consisted of children (n = 83, aged 3~18) with primary brain tumors (medulloblastoma, glioma, germ cell tumors (GCT), and central nervous system embryonal tumor-not otherwise specified), with or without residual or disseminated (R/D) diseases who were starting standard postoperative focal or craniospinal irradiation (CSI).

Exploring genetic alterations in circulating tumor DNA from cerebrospinal fluid of pediatric medulloblastoma.

Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common type of brain malignancy in children. Molecular profiling has become an important component to select patients for therapeutic approaches, allowing for personalized therapy. In this study, we successfully identified detectable levels of tumor-derived cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of patients with MB.

[Survival of children with recurrent medulloblastoma undergoing sequential therapy: an analysis of 101 cases].

Objective: To study the clinical features of children with recurrent medulloblastoma (MB) and treatment regimens.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 101 children with recurrent MB who were admitted to the hospital from August 1, 2011 to July 31, 2017. The children were followed up to July 31, 2020.

Diagnosis and treatment of infantile malignant solid tumors in beijing, China: A multicenter 10-year retrospective study.

Importance: Cancer is the main cause of death by disease in children. Children experience the highest incidence of cancer in the first year of life. However, there is no comprehensive registration system for children with tumors in China.

[Clinical effect of surgery combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy in children with central primitive neuroectodermal tumor and prognostic analysis].

Objctive: To study the clinical effect of surgery combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy in children with central primitive neuroectodermal tumor (cPNET), as well as the risks factors for poor prognosis.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 42 children who were diagnosed with cPNET from June 2012 to September 2018.

Results: The 42 children had a median overall survival (OS) time of 2.

Methylation analysis of the SLC19A1 promoter region in Chinese children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

What Is Known And Objective: Reduced folate carrier 1 (RFC1), which is encoded by the human solute carrier family 19 member 1 (SLC19A1) gene, plays an essential role in the cellular uptake of methotrexate (MTX). RFC1 expression is regulated by genetic variations and epigenetic modifications. The aim of the present study was to investigate the methylation status of the SLC19A1 promoter in peripheral blood and its association with MTX levels and toxicities in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL).

Frequency distribution of five SNPs in human gene and their effects on clinical outcomes of Chinese pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Methotrexate (MTX) is widely used in the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase (GGH) plays an important role in the disposition of MTX. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency distribution of five SNPs in the human gene and their effects on serum MTX concentrations and clinical outcomes in Chinese children with ALL.

[Effect of bevacizumab in treatment of children with optic pathway glioma].

Objective: To investigate the effect of bevacizumab in the treatment of children with optic pathway glioma (OPG).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 30 children with OPG who underwent chemotherapy. According to whether bevacizumab was used, they were divided into conventional chemotherapy (carboplatin, vincristine and etoposide) group with 12 children and combined chemotherapy (bevacizumab, carboplatin, vincristine and etoposide) group with 18 children.

The role of transcription factor Sp1 in the regulation of gamma-glutamyl hydrolase gene expression by the rs3758149 polymorphism in CEM/C1 cells.

Gamma-Glutamyl hydrolase (GGH) plays an important role in the disposition of anti-folate analogs. Several studies noted the pharmacological relevance of rs3758149 C/T polymorphism located in the human promoter. The present study aimed to investigate the role of rs3758149 C/T polymorphism and transcription factors in the regulation of expression in human acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) CEM/C1 cells.

[Risk factors for recurrence within 2 years in children with medulloblastoma].

Objective: To investigate the risk factors for recurrence of medulloblastoma (MB) within 2 years and their influence on progression-free survival (PFS).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 123 children with MB who were admitted from January to December, 2017. According to the presence or absence of recurrence, they were divided into recurrence group with 30 children and non-recurrence group with 93 children.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of Children With Relapsed Medulloblastoma: A Retrospective Study at a Single Center in China.

Relapsed medulloblastoma (MB) has a dire prognosis, and chemotherapy remains the main therapeutic option. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and survival rates of 60 Chinese children with relapsed MB. The patients received 11 cycles of chemotherapy in sequence, followed by 12 cycles of oral temozolomide and etoposide.

MiR-595 Suppresses the Cellular Uptake and Cytotoxic Effects of Methotrexate by Targeting SLC19A1 in CEM/C1 Cells.

The human solute carrier family 19 member 1 (SLC19A1) is the gene coding for reduced folate carrier 1 (RFC1). In our previous work, we showed that the miR-595-related polymorphism, rs1051296 G>T, which was located in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of SLC19A1, was associated with high methotrexate (MTX) plasma concentrations in patients with paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). This study aimed to investigate the role of miR-595 in the regulation of SLC19A1 expression and its effects on the cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of MTX in ALL CEM/C1 cells.

Association between a microRNA binding site polymorphism in SLCO1A2 and the risk of delayed methotrexate elimination in Chinese children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1A2 (OATP1A2) is involved in the cellular uptake of methotrexate (MTX). Genetic variation in solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 (SLCO1A2, the coding gene of OATP1A2) has important implications for the elimination of MTX. We investigated the association between a microRNA (miRNA) binding site polymorphism (rs4149009 G > A) in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of SLCO1A2 with the serum MTX concentrations in Chinese children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

The protective effects of Bacillus licheniformis preparation on gastrointestinal disorders and inflammation induced by radiotherapy in pediatric patients with central nervous system tumor.

Purpose: we studied the effect of Bacillus licheniformis preparation (ZCS) on CNST (central nervous system tumor) patients undergoing the gastrointestinal symptoms and inflammation induced by radiotherapy.

Materials And Methods: 160 CNST patients with craniospinal irradiation (CSI) treatment were divided into experiment and control group. The experiment group patients took one capsule per time of ZCS and three times a day until the end of radiotherapy, starting one day before radiotherapy.

Association between MTHFR microRNA binding site polymorphisms and methotrexate concentrations in Chinese pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: The pharmacokinetics and therapeutic response to methotrexate (MTX) display large variability in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of two microRNA (miRNA) binding site polymorphisms (rs3737966 G > A and rs35134728 DEL/TTC) in the 3'-untranslated region of MTHFR with serum MTX concentrations, in a Chinese pediatric population with ALL.

Methods: Genotyping for MTHFR rs3737966 and rs35134728 in 144 children with ALL was performed using the Sequenom MassArray system (Sequenom, San Diego, CA, USA).

Changes of sulfur dioxide, nuclear factor-κB, and interleukin-8 levels in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia with bacterial inflammation.

Background: Bacterial inflammation is a common complication in patients with leukemia, and sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a bioactive molecule in modulating Gram-negative bacilli infection. This study aimed to examine the changes in SO2, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with Gram-negative bacterial inflammation.

Methods: Fifty-five ALL children were enrolled in this study, including 30 males and 25 females, aged 3-13 years, and the median age was 7.

Immune regulation of hydrogen sulfide in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and chemotherapy can cause immune imbalance, and gaseous molecule hydrogen sulfide (H2S) can participate in the process of immune response. This study aimed to investigate the immune regulation of H2S in pediatric ALL.

Methods: Children (n = 78) with ALL admitted during 2010-2013 were included in this study.

Effects of a microRNA binding site polymorphism in SLC19A1 on methotrexate concentrations in Chinese children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding RNA that can specially bind to the 3'-untranslated region of target mRNAs and regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. This study investigated the effects of a miRNA binding site polymorphism (rs1051296) in solute carrier family 19, member 1 (SLC19A1) on serum methotrexate (MTX) concentrations in Chinese children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Genotyping for SLC19A1 rs1051296 G>T in 131 children with ALL was performed using the Sequenom MassArray system.

Influence of genetic polymorphisms of FPGS, GGH, and MTHFR on serum methotrexate levels in Chinese children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Purpose: To investigate the correlation between common genetic polymorphisms of folylpolyglutamate synthase (FPGS), gamma-glutamyl hydrolase (GGH), and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and serum levels of methotrexate (MTX) in Chinese children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Methods: Ninety-one children with ALL who received high-dose MTX were recruited. The polymorphisms FPGS (rs1544105 G>A), GGH (rs3758149 C>T), and MTHFR (rs1801133 C>T) were genotyped through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.

Predictive role of cerebrospinal fluid hydrogen sulfide in central nervous system leukemia.

Background: Central nervous system leukemia (CNSL) is an important relapse in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We investigated the possible role of endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in predicting CNSL.

Methods: From August 2008 to December 2010, 380 children were enrolled in this study at Shijitan Hospital, China.