Application of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) improves fruit quality and rootstock drought tolerance in apple.

GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) plays a multifaceted role in plant growth, fruit quality, and tolerance to abiotic stresses. However, its physiological roles and mechanisms in the fruit quality and response to long-term drought stress in apple remain unelucidated. To investigate the effect of GABA on apple fruit quality and drought tolerance, we sprayed exogenous GABA on apple cultivar "Cripps Pink" and irrigated rootstock M.

Increased proportion of follicular helper T cells is associated with B cell activation and disease severity in IgA nephropathy.

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis, characterized by glomerular deposition of IgA immune complexes, mainly produced by B cells under the regulation of CD4T cells. However, the alterations of specific CD4T cell subsets and the mechanism of B cells activation in IgAN remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the landscape characteristics and role of CD4T cells in the progression of IgAN.

A ruthenium-based biomimetic hydrogen cluster for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen generation from formic acid.

A ruthenium-based biomimetic hydrogen cluster, [Ru2 (CO)6 (μ-SCH2 CH2 CH2 S)] (1), has been synthesized and, in the presence of the P ligand tri(o-tolyl)phosphine, demonstrated efficient photocatalytic hydrogen generation from formic acid decomposition. Turnover frequencies (TOFs) of 5500 h(-1) and turnover numbers (TONs) over 24 700 were obtained with less than 50 ppm of the catalyst, thus representing the highest TOFs for ruthenium complexes as well as the best efficiency for photocatalytic hydrogen production from formic acid. Moreover, 1 showed high stability with no significant degradation of the photocatalyst observed after prolonged photoirradiation at 90 °C.

Inductive properties of polypyridyl ruthenium complexes significantly regulate various protein distributions in Escherichia coli.

Ruthenium complexes with similar octahedral structures but different intrinsic inductive properties significantly influence the total cellular protein distributions, which may affect different metabolic pathways. A systematic study of the relationship between ruthenium complexes and Escherichia coli was undertaken, using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis and the identification of various proteins by mass data mining. Based on the low similarities (<40%) between the total protein distributions, the inductive properties of the ruthenium complexes are relevant to the formation of the protein-Ru interaction in addition to the Ru-DNA interaction.