A causal multiomics study discriminates the early immune features of Ad5-vectored Ebola vaccine recipients.

The vaccine-induced innate immune response is essential for the generation of an antibody response. To date, how Ad5-vectored vaccines are influenced by preexisting anti-Ad5 antibodies during activation of the early immune response remains unclear. Here, we investigated the specific alterations in GP-specific IgG-related elements of the early immune response at the genetic, molecular, and cellular levels on days 0, 1, 3, and 7 after Ad5-EBOV vaccination.

Microparticulated Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide shows potent vaccine adjuvant effect.

Adjuvants are necessary for protein vaccines and have been used for nearly 100 years. However, developing safe and effective adjuvants is still urgently needed. Polysaccharides isolated from traditional Chinese medicine are considered novel vaccine adjuvant sources.

Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 Spike Mutations on T-Cell Epitopes in Mice.

T-cell immunity plays an important role in the control of SARS-CoV-2 and has a great cross-protective effect on the variants. The Omicron BA.1 variant contains more than 30 mutations in the spike and severely evades humoral immunity.

White matter pathology in alzheimer's transgenic mice with chronic exposure to low-level ambient fine particulate matter.

Background: Air pollution, especially fine particulate matter (PM), can cause brain damage, cognitive decline, and an increased risk of neurodegenerative disease, especially alzheimer's disease (AD). Typical pathological findings of amyloid and tau protein accumulation have been detected in the brain after exposure in animal studies. However, these observations were based on high levels of PM exposure, which were far from the WHO guidelines and those present in our environment.

Zinc supplementation improves glycemic control for diabetes prevention and management: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Although many studies have shown that low zinc status is associated with diabetes, the putative effects of zinc supplementation on glycemic control are inconclusive.

Objectives: The aim of this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was to assess the effects of zinc supplementation in preventing and managing diabetes.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for articles that were published through February 10, 2019 and contained estimates for the outcomes of interest.

The zinc transporter Slc39a5 controls glucose sensing and insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells via Sirt1- and Pgc-1α-mediated regulation of Glut2.

Zinc levels are high in pancreatic β-cells, and zinc is involved in the synthesis, processing and secretion of insulin in these cells. However, precisely how cellular zinc homeostasis is regulated in pancreatic β-cells is poorly understood. By screening the expression of 14 Slc39a metal importer family member genes, we found that the zinc transporter Slc39a5 is significantly down-regulated in pancreatic β-cells in diabetic db/db mice, obese ob/ob mice and high-fat diet-fed mice.