Wheat Stripe Rust Inoculum from the Southwest Dispersed to the East Huang-Huai-Hai Region through Southern Anhui in China.

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is a continuous threat to global wheat production.

Analysis of microbial communities in wheat, alfalfa, and oat crops after Kühn infection.

Common bunt caused by Kühn is one of the most serious fungal diseases of wheat. The root-microbial associations play key roles in protecting plants against biotic and abiotic factors. Managing these associations offers a platform for improving the sustainability and efficiency of agriculture production.

Adaptation of Fusarium Head Blight Pathogens to Changes in Agricultural Practices and Human Migration.

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most destructive wheat diseases worldwide. To understand the impact of human migration and changes in agricultural practices on crop pathogens, here population genomic analysis with 245 representative strains from a collection of 4,427 field isolates of Fusarium asiaticum, the causal agent of FHB in Southern China is conducted. Three populations with distinct evolution trajectories are identifies over the last 10,000 years that can be correlated with historically documented changes in agricultural practices due to human migration caused by the Southern Expeditions during the Jin Dynasty.

Characterization of a Small Cysteine-Rich Secreted Effector, TcSCP_9014, in .

J. G. Kühn is the causal agent of wheat dwarf bunt (DB), a destructive disease causing tremendous economic losses.

Intelligent reprogramming of wheat for enhancement of fungal and nematode disease resistance using advanced molecular techniques.

Wheat ( L.) diseases are major factors responsible for substantial yield losses worldwide, which affect global food security. For a long time, plant breeders have been struggling to improve wheat resistance against major diseases by selection and conventional breeding techniques.

Microbiome Signature of Endophytes in Wheat Seed Response to Wheat Dwarf Bunt Caused by Tilletia controversa Kühn.

Wheat dwarf bunt leads to the replacement of seeds with fungal galls containing millions of teliospores of the pathogen Tilletia controversa Kühn. As one of the most devastating internationally quarantined wheat diseases, wheat dwarf bunt spreads to cause distant outbreaks by seeds containing teliospores. In this study, based on a combination of amplicon sequencing and isolation approaches, we analyzed the seed microbiome signatures of endophytes between resistant and susceptible cultivars after infection with T.

Development of real-time PCR and droplet digital PCR based marker for the detection of inciting common bunt of wheat.

This is the first study reporting droplet digital PCR and quantitative real time PCR for detection of (syn. ), which causes common bunt of wheat and leads to yield losses of 80% in many wheat growing areas worldwide. To establish an accurate, rapid and quantifiable detection method, we tested 100 inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) primers and obtained a species-specific fragment (515 bp) generated by ISSR 827.

Dynamics of Carbendazim-Resistance Frequency of Pathogens Associated with the Epidemic of Fusarium Head Blight.

Carbendazim resistance was detected using 4,701 species complex isolates collected from major wheat-producing regions in China from 2018 to 2020. A total of 348 carbendazim-resistant isolates were identified. The majority of carbendazim-resistant isolates were detected in Jiangsu and Anhui Provinces.

Maize-soybean relay strip intercropping reshapes the rhizosphere bacterial community and recruits beneficial bacteria to suppress root rot of soybean.

Rhizosphere microbes play a vital role in plant health and defense against soil-borne diseases. Previous studies showed that maize-soybean relay strip intercropping altered the diversity and composition of pathogenic species and biocontrol fungal communities in the soybean rhizosphere, and significantly suppressed soybean root rot. However, whether the rhizosphere bacterial community participates in the regulation of this intercropping on soybean root rot is not clear.

Physiological and metabolic analyses provide insight into soybean seed resistance to causing seed decay.

Seed-borne pathogens cause diverse diseases at the growth, pre- and post-harvest stage of soybean resulting in a large reduction in yield and quality. The physiological and metabolic aspects of seeds are closely related to their defense against pathogens. Recently, has been identified as the dominant seed-borne fungi of soybean seed decay, but little information on the responses of soybean seeds induced by is available.

Folding Features and Dynamics of 3D Genome Architecture in Plant Fungal Pathogens.

The folding and dynamics of three-dimensional (3D) genome organization are fundamental for eukaryotes executing genome functions but have been largely unexplored in nonmodel fungi. Using high-throughput sequencing coupled with chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) data, we generated two chromosome-level assemblies for Puccinia striiformis f. sp.

Metabolomic Analysis of Wheat Grains after Kühn Infection by Using Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Q-Exactive Mass Spectrometry.

causes common bunt disease in wheat, with severe losses of production yield and seed quality. Metabolomics studies provide detailed information about the biochemical changes at the cell and tissue level of the plants. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-Q-exactive mass spectrometry (UPLC-QE-MS) was used to examine the changes in wheat grains after infection.

Current Status and Future Perspectives of Genomics Research in the Rust Fungi.

Rust fungi in Pucciniales have caused destructive plant epidemics, have become more aggressive with new virulence, rapidly adapt to new environments, and continually threaten global agriculture. With the rapid advancement of genome sequencing technologies and data analysis tools, genomics research on many of the devastating rust fungi has generated unprecedented insights into various aspects of rust biology. In this review, we first present a summary of the main findings in the genomics of rust fungi related to variations in genome size and gene composition between and within species.

ITRAQ-Based Proteomic Analysis of Wheat () Spikes in Response to Kühn and Kühn Infection, Causal Organisms of Dwarf Bunt and Common Bunt of Wheat.

Dwarf bunt and common bunt diseases of wheat are caused by Kühn and Kühn, respectively, and losses caused by these diseases can reach 70-80% in favourable conditions. and are fungal pathogens belonging to the within the basidiomycetous smut fungi (). In order to illuminate the proteomics differences of wheat spikes after the infection of and , the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) technique was used for better clarification.

Evaluation of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in 410 Chinese Wheat Cultivars Selected for Their Climate Conditions and Ecological Niche Using Natural Infection Across Three Distinct Experimental Sites.

Exploiting wheat cultivars with stable resistance to Fusarium Head blight (FHB) and toxin accumulation is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly strategy to reduce the risk of yield losses and contamination with mycotoxins. To facilitate the deployment of stable cultivar resistance, we evaluated FHB resistance and resistance to mycotoxin accumulation in 410 wheat lines bred by local breeders from four major wheat growing regions in China after natural infection at three distinct locations (Hefei, Yangzhou and Nanping). Significant differences in disease index were observed among the three locations.

Characterization of Rhizosphere Microbial Communities for Disease Incidence and Optimized Concentration of Difenoconazole Fungicide for Controlling of Wheat Dwarf Bunt.

Rhizosphere soil microorganisms have great agricultural importance. To explore the relationship between rhizosphere microorganisms and the disease incidence, and to optimize the concentration of difenoconazole fungicide for the control of wheat dwarf bunt, caused by Kühn, the rhizosphere microorganisms were characterized based on sequencing methods. We found that the disease incidence correlated with the relative abundance of some microbial communities, such as Acidobacteria, Nocardioides, Roseiflexaceae, Pyrinomonadaceae, and Gemmatimonadaceae.

Changes in the Density and Composition of Rhizosphere Pathogenic and Beneficial Contributing to Reduced Root Rot of Intercropped Soybean.

The dynamic of soil-borne disease is closely related to the rhizosphere microbial communities. Maize-soybean relay strip intercropping has been shown to significantly control the type of soybean root rot that tends to occur in monoculture. However, it is still unknown whether the rhizosphere microbial community participates in the regulation of intercropped soybean root rot.

Long-Distance Transport of f. sp. by Upper Airflow on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau Disrupts the Balance of Agricultural Ecology in Central China.

Long-distance dispersal of plant pathogens in the air can establish diseases in other areas and lead to an increased risk of large-scale epidemics. Wheat stripe rust, caused by f. sp.

Transcriptomics Analysis of Wheat Tassel Response to Kühn, Which Causes Common Bunt of Wheat.

Kühn [synonym (Wallr.) Liro] can lead to a wheat common bunt, which is one of the most serious diseases affecting kernels, a serious reduction in grain yield, and losses can reach up to 80% in favorable environments. To understand how wheat tassels respond to , based on an RNA-Seq technology, we analyzed a host transcript accumulation on healthy wheat tassels and on tassels infected by the pathogen.

Analyses of Wheat Yellow Rust Populations Reveal Sexual Recombination and Seasonal Migration Pattern of f. sp. in Gangu, Northwestern China.

f. sp. is the causal agent of wheat yellow rust with records of regular and severe epidemics in China.

Characteristics of the Infection of Tilletia laevis Kühn (syn. Tilletia foetida (Wallr.) Liro.) in Compatible Wheat.

Tilletia laevis Kühn (syn. Tilletia foetida (Wallr.) Liro.

Identification and Cloning of a CC-NBS-NBS-LRR Gene as a Candidate of by Integrated Analysis of Both the Available Transcriptional Data and Published Linkage Mapping.

Wheat powdery mildew, caused by the obligate parasite f. sp. , severely reduces wheat yields.

Metabolomics analysis of grains of wheat infected and noninfected with Tilletia controversa Kühn.

Dwarf bunt caused by the pathogen Tilletia controversa Kühn is one of the most serious quarantine diseases of winter wheat. Metabolomics studies provide detailed information about the biochemical changes at the cell and tissue levels of plants. In the present study, a liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) metabolomics approach was used to investigate the changes in the grain metabolomics of infected and noninfected with T.

Development of an Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation system for Tilletia controversa Kühn.

Dwarf bunt of wheat caused by Tilletia controversa Kühn has been identified an international quarantine disease, which replace the grain material into millions of teliospores. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT) system is a powerful tool for fungi transformation with significant advantages of simple operation, high efficiency, and genetic stability of transformants. In this study, we constructed ATMT system for T.