Identification and cognitive function prediction of Alzheimer's disease based on multivariate pattern analysis of hippocampal volumes.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is strongly associated with slowly progressive hippocampal atrophy. Elucidating the relationships between local morphometric changes and disease status for early diagnosis could be aided by machine learning algorithms trained on neuroimaging datasets.

Objective: This study intended to propose machine learning models for the accurate identification and cognitive function prediction across the AD severity spectrum based on structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) of the bilateral hippocampi.

Brain functional specialization and cooperation in Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Cerebral specialization and interhemispheric cooperation are two vital features of the human brain. Their dysfunction may be associated with disease progression in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is featured as progressive cognitive degeneration and asymmetric neuropathology.

Objective: This study aimed to examine and define two inherent properties of hemispheric function in patients with AD by utilizing resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).

Sex differences in functional connectivity and the predictive role of the connectome-based predictive model in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive decline. Sex differences in the progression of AD exist, but the neural mechanisms are not well understood. The purpose of the current study was to explore sex differences in brain functional connectivity (FC) at different stages of AD and their predictive ability on Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores using connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM).

Periodontitis is associated with altered brain structure and function in normal cognition middle-aged and elderly individuals.

Background: Numerous studies have proposed that periodontitis is a potential risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. However, the association between periodontitis and brain normal cognition in aged and elderly individuals (NCs) is unclear. Such a link could provide clues to Alzheimer's disease development and strategies for early prevention.

Education reduces cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease by changing regional cerebral perfusion: An in-vivo arterial spin labeling study.

Objective: Formal education and other cognitive challenges influence brain structure and improve function. It is believed that cognitive activities create a cognitive reserve (CR) that can slow the decline due to aging and neurodegenerative diseases. This study investigated alterations of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) associated with high and low CR in different stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and examined whether rCBF alteration mediates the relationship between education and cognitive performance.

Sex-dependent changes in emotional memory associated with cerebral blood flow alterations during Alzheimer's disease progression.

Purpose: Sex differences in Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression provide clues to pathogenesis and better patient management. We examined sex differences in emotional memory among AD patients, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients, and healthy controls (HCs) as well as potential associations with altered regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF).

Methods: The recognition memory task with emotional pictures was applied to evaluate enhancement of emotional memory (EEM) and 3D pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling MRI was performed to measure the rCBF in 74 AD patients (41 females), 74 aMCI patients (45 females), and 74 HCs (43 females).

Sex Difference in General Cognition Associated with Coupling of Whole-brain Functional Connectivity Strength to Cerebral Blood Flow Changes During Alzheimer's Disease Progression.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive age-related neurodegenerative disorder that results in irreversible cognitive impairments. Nonetheless, there are numerous sex-dependent differences in clinical course. We examined potential contributions of neurovascular coupling deficits to sex differences in AD progression.

The contribution of the left precuneus to emotion memory in migraine without aura patients.

Background: The impact of migraine without aura (MWoA) on cognitive function remains controversial, especially given the sparse literature on emotional memory.

Methods: Twenty seven MWoA patients and 25 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Emotional memory behavior was evaluated by combining incidental encoding with intentional encoding of five emotional categories of visual stimulus [positive valence + high arousal (PH), negative valence + high arousal (NH), positive valence + low arousal (PL), negative valence + low arousal (NL), and neutral (N)].

Abnormal Functional Connectivity of Thalamic Subdivisions in Alzheimer's Disease: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by global cognitive impairment in multiple cognitive domains. Thalamic dysfunction during AD progression has been reported. However, there are limited studies regarding dysfunction in the functional connectivity (FC) of thalamic subdivisions and the relationship between such dysfunction and clinical assessments.

The protective impact of education on brain structure and function in Alzheimer's disease.

Background: The Cognitive Reserve (CR) theory posits that brains with higher reserve can cope with more cerebral damage to minimize clinical manifestations. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of education (CR proxy) on brain structure and function in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patients and in cognitively healthy elderly (HC) individuals.

Methods: Fifty-seven AD patients, 57 aMCI patients and 48 HCs were included to investigate the relationships between education years and gray matter volume (GMV), regional homogeneity (ReHo) and functional connectivity (FC) in brain regions to show associations with both structure and function.

Sex Difference in Network Topology and Education Correlated With Sex Difference in Cognition During the Disease Process of Alzheimer.

: Alzheimer's disease (AD) manifests differently in males and females. However, the neuro-mechanism and influence factors are still unknown. : To explore sex differences in brain network topology during AD disease progression and its association with cognition and possible influencing factors.

Effect of Nrf2 signaling pathway on the improvement of intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction by hyperbaric oxygen treatment after spinal cord injury.

Disruption of the intestinal epithelial barrier following spinal cord injury (SCI) seriously affect long-term quality of life. Oxidative stress-induced epithelial cells' injury contributes to the epithelial barrier dysfunction. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment has been proved to alleviate SCI.

Crossed cerebellar diaschisis after stroke detected noninvasively by arterial spin-labeling MR imaging.

Background: As a noninvasive perfusion-weighted MRI technique, arterial spin-labeling (ASL) was becoming increasingly used to evaluate cerebral hemodynamics in many studies. The relation between ASL-MRI and crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD) was rarely discussed. In this study, the aim of our study was to assess the performance of ASL-MRI in the detection of crossed cerebellar diaschisis after stroke in compared with single-photon emission CT (SPECT).

The effect of different atmosphere absolute hyperbaric oxygen on the expression of extracellular histones after traumatic brain injury in rats.

By observing the dynamic changes of extracellular histones H1, H2A, H4, and NF-κB expression in brain tissues after brain injury in rats, we explore the association among the expression of extracellular histones H1, H2A, H4, and NF-κB following traumatic brain injury (TBI), as well as the effect of different atmospheres absolute hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) intervention on the expression and possible mechanisms. A total of 120 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Sham-operated (SH), TBI (traumatic brain injury) group, traumatic brain injury and hyperbaric oxygen treatment 1.6ATA (TBI + HBO1) group, and traumatic brain injury and hyperbaric oxygen treatment2.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress may be involved in insulin resistance and lipid metabolism disorders of the white adipose tissues induced by high-fat diet containing industrial trans-fatty acids.

Background: Consumption of industrially produced trans-fatty acids (iTFAs) can result in alteration to lipid profile and glucose metabolism. Moreover, a diet high in iTFAs could increase the risk of obesity, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Glucose and lipid metabolism are closely linked in white adipose tissue (WAT), yet the underlying mechanisms of the effect of iTFAs in WAT are poorly understood.

Brain Structural Correlates of Odor Identification in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease Revealed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging and a Chinese Olfactory Identification Test.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common memory-impairment disorder frequently accompanied by olfactory identification (OI) impairments. In fact, OI is a valuable marker for distinguishing AD from normal age-related cognitive impairment and may predict the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI)-to-AD transition. However, current olfactory tests were developed based on Western social and cultural conditions, and are not very suitable for Chinese patients.

Detection of Crossed Cerebellar Diaschisis by Intravoxel Incoherent Motion MR Imaging in Subacute Ischemic Stroke.

Intravoxel incoherent motion has received extensive attention in brain studies for its potential as a non-invasive magnetic resonance perfusion method. However, studies on intravoxel incoherent motion imaging and crossed cerebellar diaschisis detection are relatively scarce. The aim of our study was to evaluate the feasibility of using intravoxel incoherent motion imaging in crossed cerebellar diaschisis diagnosis in subacute ischemic stroke patients by comparing results from intravoxel incoherent motion imaging, single-photon emission computed tomography, and arterial spin-labeling perfusion methods.

Infrared induced repeatable self-healing and removability of mechanically enhanced graphene-epoxy flexible materials.

A repeatable self-healing epoxy composite mechanically enhanced by graphene nanosheets (GNS) was prepared from an epoxy monomer with Diels-Alder (DA) bonds, octanediol glycidyl ether (OGE) and polyether amine (D230). The GNS/epoxy composites, with a maximum tensile modulus of 14.52 ± 0.

Multiple Isoforms of Nesprin1 Are Integral Components of Ciliary Rootlets.

SYNE1 (synaptic nuclear envelope 1) encodes multiple isoforms of Nesprin1 (nuclear envelope spectrin 1) that associate with the nuclear envelope (NE) through a C-terminal KASH (Klarsicht/Anc1/Syne homology) domain (Figure 1A) [1-4]. This domain interacts directly with the SUN (Sad1/Unc84) domain of Sun proteins [5-7], a family of transmembrane proteins of the inner nuclear membrane (INM) [8, 9], to form the so-called LINC complexes (linkers of the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton) that span the entire NE and mediate nuclear positioning [10-12]. In a stark departure from this classical depiction of Nesprin1 in the context of the NE, we report here that rootletin recruits Nesprin1α at the ciliary rootlets of photoreceptors and identify asymmetric NE aggregates of Nesprin1α and Sun2 that dock filaments of rootletin at the nuclear surface.

Bortezomib-based treatment for multiple myeloma patients with renal impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: Renal insufficiency is a common and severe complication of patients with multiple myeloma. The aim of this study was to evaluate bortezomib-based treatment for multiple myeloma patients with renal insufficiency.

Methods: The Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, ISI, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System, Chongqing VIP Database, and Wan Fang Data were systematically searched to identify observational studies from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2015.

Prognostic Impact of Cytogenetic Abnormalities in Multiple Myeloma: A Retrospective Analysis of 229 Patients.

The identification of specific cytogenetic abnormalities by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (i-FISH) has become a routine procedure for prognostic stratification of multiple myeloma (MM) patients. In this study, the prognostic significance of cytogenetic abnormalities detected by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (iFISH) in 229 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients was retrospectively analyzed. Results showed that del (17p), t(4;14), and 1q21 gain were adverse predictors of progression-free survival (PFS).

Lamin B1 and lamin B2 are long-lived proteins with distinct functions in retinal development.

Lamin B1 and lamin B2 are essential building blocks of the nuclear lamina, a filamentous meshwork lining the nucleoplasmic side of the inner nuclear membrane. Deficiencies in lamin B1 and lamin B2 impair neurodevelopment, but distinct functions for the two proteins in the development and homeostasis of the CNS have been elusive. Here we show that embryonic depletion of lamin B1 in retinal progenitors and postmitotic neurons affects nuclear integrity, leads to the collapse of the laminB2 meshwork, impairs neuronal survival, and markedly reduces the cellularity of adult retinas.

Stroke assessment with intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted MRI.

Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted MRI can simultaneously measure diffusion and perfusion characteristics in a non-invasive way. This study aimed to determine the potential utility of IVIM in characterizing brain diffusion and perfusion properties for clinical stroke. The multi-b-value diffusion-weighted images of 101 patients diagnosed with acute/subacute ischemic stroke were retrospectively evaluated.

[Clinical analysis of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients with renal dysfunction].

Objective: To explore the clinical features and prognostic factors of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients with renal insufficiency (MM-RI).

Methods: The clinical features, survival rates and prognostic factors were retrospectively analyzed for 897 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients at three hospital from January 1, 2010 to June 30, 2012.

Results: Among them, there were 177 cases (19.