Herbal Medicine-Derived Exosome-Like Nanovesicles: A Rising Star in Cancer Therapy.

Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (PDNVs) are small nanoscale vesicles containing lipids, RNAs, proteins and some plant natural products secreted by plant cells. Over the last decade, PDNVs have garnered significant interest due to its exceptional therapeutic benefits in the treatment of various diseases. Herbal medicine, as a medicinal plant, plays an important role in the treatment of diseases including cancer.

Bone quality affects stability of orthodontic miniscrews.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of bone-miniscrew contact percentage (BMC%) and bone quality and quantity on orthodontic miniscrew stability and the maximum insertion torque value (ITV). Orthodontic miniscrews of five different dimensions and several bovine iliac bone specimens were used in the evaluation. Miniscrews of each dimension group were inserted into 20 positions in bovine iliac bone specimens.

A Preliminary Study of the Effects of Venous Drainage Position on Arterial Blood Supply and Venous Return within the Conjoined Flap.

Background: Conjoined flap viability is associated with arterial blood supply and venous return. This study aimed to assess the effects of venous drainage position on arterial blood supply and venous return within the conjoined flap.

Methods: Fifty-four rats were divided randomly into three groups (n = 18 per group).