Chirality-Free Full Decoupling of Jones Matrix Phase-Channels with a Planar Minimalist Metasurface.

The complete manipulation of Jones matrix phase-channels using metasurfaces brings forth unparalleled possibilities across diverse wavefront modulation applications. Traditionally, achieving independent control over all four phase-channels usually involves the introduction of chirality with multilayer or three-dimensional metasurfaces. Here, we present a general chirality-free method that relies on polarization base transformation with a planar minimalist metasurface, effectively decoupling the four Jones matrix phase-channels, thereby unleashing the fundamental boundaries imposed by conventional linear or circular polarization bases.

Differences in intracranial atherosclerosis plaque between posterior circulation and anterior circulation on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The clinical characteristics and mechanisms of stroke caused by anterior circulation atherosclerotic plaques (ACAPs) and posterior circulation atherosclerotic plaques (PCAPs) are distinct. We aimed to compare the differences in vulnerability, morphology, and distribution between ACAPs and PCAPs based on hign-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI).

Materials And Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang database were retrieved from inception through May 2023.

The construction of neurogenesis-related ceRNA network of ischemic stroke treated by oxymatrine.

Background: Known as a disease associated with high mortality, disability and a significant financial burden, ischemic stroke ranks as one of the three diseases threatening human health. Recent advances in omics technology created opportunities to uncover the mechanism in ischemic stroke occurrence and treatment. In this study, we aimed to construct the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks of ischemic stroke treated by oxymatrine intervention.

Longitudinal Associations Between Serum Bilirubin Level and Carotid Atherosclerosis Plaque in a Health Screening Population.

This study aimed to determine the relationship between bilirubin levels and carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) in the health screening population. After propensity score matching, this retrospective cohort study included 4360 subjects who underwent health examinations regularly in Hebei General Hospital between January 2010 and December 2019 and had no carotid plaque at baseline. After an average follow-up of 26.

Generation of thioethers via direct C-H functionalization with sodium benzenesulfinate as a sulfur source.

A novel ammonium iodide-induced sulfenylation method of flavones, indole and arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines using stable and odorless sodium benzenesulfinates as sulfur sources was developed, generating regioselective derivatives in good yields. This method has enriched current thioether-producing methods and provided a good example of using ammonium iodide as a reaction inducer instead of iodine to make thioethers under environmentally friendly and odorless conditions.

Ammonium Iodide Induced Nonradical Regioselective Sulfenylation of Flavones via a C-H Functionalization Process.

A novel and highly regioselective ammonium iodide-induced nonradical sulfenylation method for the construction of a C-S bond was developed via C-H functionalization. With DMSO or R(1)SO2NHNH2 as a sulfenylating agent, MeS- and R(1)S-substituted flavone derivatives were obtained in good yields. This method enriches current C-S bond formation chemistry, making it a highly valuable and practical method in pharmaceutical industry.

Regioselective Cross-Couplings of Coumarins and Flavones with Ethers via C(sp(3))-H Functionalization.

Coumarin and flavone derivatives are highly valuable molecules in drug discovery. Here, two new regioselective cross-dehydrogenation couplings of coumarins and flavones with different ethers via C(sp(3))-H functionalization processes were developed, generating new ether-substituted derivatives not previously reported. These reactions proceeded well via radical mechanisms and provided the corresponding products in good yields.

A summary of seven- and eight-membered ring sultam syntheses via three Michael addition reactions.

A series of seven- and eight-membered ring -N,O-, -N,N-, and -N,S-sultams were effectively synthesized via tandem reactions involving oxa-, aza-, and thia-Michael addition to vinyl sulfonamides. These reactions are summarized here since they enrich current synthetic methodologies for sultams and provide a good example of sultam diversity-oriented synthesis. All reactions proceeded under relatively mild and environmentally friendly conditions, and all these reactions are quite suitable for the rapid preparation of sultam compound libraries, which are valuable for biological activity explorations.

Cascade couplings of N-alkyl-N-methacryloyl benzamides with ethers and benzenesulfonohydrazides to generate isoquinoline-1,3(2H,4H)-dione derivatives.

Two radical-mediated cascade couplings of N-alkyl-N-methacryloylbenzamides with different ethers and arylsulfonohydrazides to generate ether- and arylsulfonyl-substituted isoquinoline-1,3(2H,4H)-dione derivatives were developed. Both casccades proceeded via initially triggered functionalization of the alkene functions of the N-alkyl-N-methacryloylbenzamides, followed by ortho radical cyclizations onto the aromatic ring to give isoquinoline-1,3(2H,4H)-dione derivatives in good yields. These highly functionalized drug-like molecules will be valuable in drug discovery in the future.

Synthesis of isoquinoline-1,3(2H,4H)-dione derivatives via cascade reactions of N-alkyl-N-methacryloyl benzamide with aryl aldehydes.

A cascade reaction between N-alkyl-N-methacryloylbenzamide and aryl aldehydes was developed to generate isoquinoline-1,3(2H,4H)-dione derivatives. The reaction involves oxidative cross-coupling of the activated alkene from the N-alkyl-N-methacryloylbenzamide with the aldehyde functional group (-CHO), followed by radical addition to the aromatic ring to afford isoquinoline-1,3(2H,4H)-dione derivatives in good yields under mild reaction conditions without either metal catalysts or organic solvents involved.

Diversity-oriented syntheses: coupling reactions between electron-deficient olefins and aryl aldehydes via C(sp2)-H functionalization.

A diversity-oriented syntheses by coupling three electron-deficient olefins (vinyl sulfonamides, methacrylamides, and methyl acrylates, respectively) with aryl aldehydes via C(sp(2))-H functionalization were reported. These reactions gave four different skeletal products respectively under environment-friendly and mild conditions. All these reactions are highly regioselective and effective, very suitable for the preparation of synthetic building blocks and compound library, the results will enrich current coupling chemistry of olefins with aldehydes and can be applied to other chemistry areas as well.