The influence of the pollination compatibility type on the pistil expression in European pear ().

The gene plays an essential role in the gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) system of . It codes for the stylar-expressed S-RNase protein which inhibits the growth of incompatible pollen tubes through cytotoxicity and the induction of programmed cell death in the pollen tube. While research on the GSI system has primarily focused on the gene, there is still a lack of insight into its spatiotemporal expression profile and the factors that regulate it.

Phenotyping, genetics, and "-omics" approaches to unravel and introgress enhanced resistance against apple scab () in apple cultivars ( × ).

Apple scab disease, caused by the fungus , endangers commercial apple production globally. It is predominantly managed by frequent fungicide sprays that can harm the environment and promote the development of fungicide-resistant strains. Cultivation of scab-resistant cultivars harboring diverse qualitative resistance loci and quantitative trait loci associated with scab resistance could reduce the chemical footprint.

Time Is of the Essence-Early Activation of the Mevalonate Pathway in Apple Challenged With Gray Mold Correlates With Reduced Susceptibility During Postharvest Storage.

Apple is typically stored under low temperature and controlled atmospheric conditions to ensure a year round supply of high quality fruit for the consumer. During storage, losses in quality and quantity occur due to spoilage by postharvest pathogens. One important postharvest pathogen of apple is .

A semi in vivo pollination technique to assess the level of gametophytic self-incompatibility and pollen tube growth in pear (Pyrus communis L.).

We describe a semi in vivo pollination technique to determine the compatibility relation between different pear cultivars. This assay provides a valuable addition to existing tools in GSI research. The gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) system in Pyrus inhibits fertilization by pollen that shares one of the two S-alleles of the style.

Inoculation of pear flowers with Metschnikowia reukaufii and Acinetobacter nectaris enhances attraction of honeybees and hoverflies, but does not increase fruit and seed set.

Currently, one of the most important challenges is to provide sufficient and affordable food and energy for a fast-growing world population, alongside preserving natural habitats and maintaining biodiversity. About 35% of the global food production depends on animals for pollination. In recent years, an alarming worldwide decline in pollinators has been reported, putting our food production under additional pressure.

Dynamics of ascorbic acid content in apple (Malus x domestica) during fruit development and storage.

Vitamin C is a crucial antioxidant and cofactor for both plants and humans. Apple fruits generally contain low levels of vitamin C, making vitamin C content an interesting trait for apple crop improvement. With the aim of breeding high vitamin C apple cultivars it is important to get an insight in the natural biodiversity of vitamin C content in apple fruits.

Temporal and spatial variation in bacterial communities of "Jonagold" apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) and "Conference" pear (Pyrus communis L.) floral nectar.

Production of many agricultural crops and fruits strongly depends on pollinators. For instance, pome fruits such as apple and pear are highly dependent on pollination for fruit set, fruit quality, and yield. Nectar is often inhabited by microbes, most often yeasts and bacteria, which may change nectar quality and therefore also affect plant-pollinator interactions.

Finding a Compatible Partner: Self-Incompatibility in European Pear (); Molecular Control, Genetic Determination, and Impact on Fertilization and Fruit Set.

species display a gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) system that actively prevents fertilization by self-pollen. The GSI mechanism in is genetically controlled by a single locus, i.e.

The effect of polyploidization on tree hydraulic functioning.

Premise Of The Study: Recent research has highlighted the importance of living tissue in wood. Polyploidization can impact amounts and arrangements of living cells in wood, potentially leading to increased drought tolerance. Tetraploid variants were created from the apple cultivar Malus ×domestica 'Gala' (Gala-4x), and their vulnerability to drought-induced cavitation and their hydraulic capacitance were compared to those of their diploid predecessors (Gala-2x).

A systematic evaluation of protocols for a proteomics analysis of (lyophilized) fruit tissues.

This study represents a systematic evaluation of protocols for protein extraction and cleanup for fruit proteomic analysis. Procedures were optimized using pooled lyophilized banana fruit pulp, which is known to be particularly tricky due to high concentrations of soluble polysaccharides, phenolics, and other substances that interfere with protein extraction and purification. A total of 18 combinations of three protein extraction procedures (SDS-based, Triton X-100-based, and phenol-based), three protein precipitating agents (ammonium acetate/methanol, TCA/acetone, and acetone), and two resolubilization buffers (classical Rabilloud and the so-called R2D2) were compared for total protein yields and efficiency of recovery.

Considerations to prevent the breakdown and loss of fruit carotenoids during extraction and analysis in Musa.

The impact of treatments aimed at improving the robustness of protocols for the analysis of carotenoids in fruit of banana and plantain were examined. Neither the inclusion of polyvinylpolypyrrolidine in the extraction buffer, nor vigorous homogenisation with glass beads influenced recoveries or chromatographic profiles. By contrast, heating lead to losses of up to 53% and to the formation of degradation products that are no longer detectable on our RP-HPLC system.