Distribution of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Thailand: a dataset.

Mosquitoes play a crucial role as primary vectors for various infectious diseases in Thailand. Therefore, accurate distribution information is vital for effectively combating and better controlling mosquito-borne diseases. Here, we present a curated dataset of the mosquito distribution in Thailand comprising 12,278 records of at least 117 mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae).

Natural vectors of Plasmodium knowlesi and other primate, avian and ungulate malaria parasites in Narathiwat Province, Southern Thailand.

To date, four species of simian malaria parasites including Plasmodium knowlesi, P. cynomolgi, P. inui and P.

Comparison of Vector Trapping Methods for Outdoor Biting Malaria Vector Surveillance in Thailand and Vietnam.

The performances of the human-baited double net trap (HDNT) and the human-baited host decoy trap (HDT) methods were compared against the outdoor human landing catch (OHLC) method in Thailand and Vietnam. Two study sites were selected in each country: a rural village and a nearby forest setting. The three outdoor trap methods were rotated nightly between three set trapping positions, in a pre-assigned Latin square design.

Excito-repellency Activity of Andrographis paniculata (Lamiales: Acanthaceae) Against Colonized Mosquitoes.

Excito-repellency activity of plant extracts have been increasingly studied as mosquito repellents. In this study, the crude extract of Andrographis paniculata was evaluated for its noncontact repellency, contact excitation (irritancy + repellency), and knockdown/toxicity response against five colonized mosquitoes; Aedes aegypti (L.), Aedes albopictus (Skuse), Anopheles dirus Peyton & Harrison, Anopheles epiroticus Linton & Harbach, and Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae) using an excito-repellency assay system under laboratory-controlled conditions.

Cytogenetic, cross-mating and molecular evidence of four cytological races of Anopheles crawfordi (Diptera: Culicidae) in Thailand and Cambodia.

Twenty-nine isolines of Anopheles crawfordi were established from wild-caught females collected from cow-baited traps in Thailand and Cambodia. Three types of X (X1, X2, X3) and four types of Y (Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4) chromosomes were identified, according to differing amounts of extra heterochromatin. These sex chromosomes represent four metaphase karyotypes, i.

Review of insecticide resistance and behavioral avoidance of vectors of human diseases in Thailand.

Physiological resistance and behavioral responses of mosquito vectors to insecticides are critical aspects of the chemical-based disease control equation. The complex interaction between lethal, sub-lethal and excitation/repellent ('excito-repellent') properties of chemicals is typically overlooked in vector management and control programs. The development of "physiological" resistance, metabolic and/or target site modifications, to insecticides has been well documented in many insect groups and disease vectors around the world.

Comparison of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) resting behavior on two fabric types under consideration for insecticide treatment in a push-pull strategy.

Aedes aegypti (L.), the primary vector of dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever, breeds and rests predominately inside human dwellings. With no current vaccine available, vector control remains the mainstay for dengue management and novel approaches continue to be needed to reduce virus transmission.

Susceptibility of Anopheles campestris-like and Anopheles barbirostris species complexes to Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in Thailand.

Nine colonies of five sibling species members of Anopheles barbirostris complexes were experimentally infected with Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. They were then dissected eight and 14 days after feeding for oocyst and sporozoite rates, respectively, and compared with Anopheles cracens. The results revealed that Anopheles campestris-like Forms E (Chiang Mai) and F (Udon Thani) as well as An.

Progress of partial integration of malaria control with other vector borne diseases control in northern Thailand.

Thailand partially integrated the malaria program into the provincial and local Public Health system starting in 2003 by adding it to the control of other vector borne diseases and by transferring some activities to the Public Health Department. This study evaluates the results of this transfer on 8 high malaria incidence districts of Mae Hong Son and Chiang Mai Provinces. Indicators were measured for all community hospitals, Vector Borne Disease Control Units, (VBDU), health centers (HC), malaria clinics, and malaria posts in 2003 and 2004 during the first two years of partial integration.

A high throughput screening system for determining the three actions of insecticides against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) populations in Thailand.

Chemicals can protect humans from the bites of hemophagous arthropods through three different primary actions: irritancy (excitation), repellency, or toxicity, actions that can be evaluated using a laboratory-based assay system. In this study, the deterrent and toxic actions of three synthetic pyrethroids and DDT were characterized on six field strains of Aedes aegypti from Thailand under laboratory-controlled conditions using the high throughput screening system. All six strains showed significant contact irritant responses to the three synthetic pyrethroids, but significantly weaker irritant responses to DDT.

Human-landing patterns of Anopheles dirus sensu lato (Diptera: Culicidae) in experimental huts treated with DDT or deltamethrin.

Anopheles dirus females landing on humans inside experimental huts treated with residual applications of DDT or deltamethrin were observed during the wet season in Pu Teuy Village, Kanchanaburi Province, western Thailand. Two identical experimental huts were constructed in the fashion of typical local rural Thai homes. Pretreatment (baseline) human-landing collections (HLC) in both huts showed an early evening peak of activity between 1900 and 2000 h with no significant difference in numbers of mosquitoes captured between huts over a period of 30 collection nights.

Effects of environmental conditions on the movement patterns of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) into and out of experimental huts in Thailand.

Mark-release-recapture experiments with Aedes aegypti were performed using experimental huts equipped with entrance and exit traps to evaluate their movement patterns during a two-year period in Thailand. Results indicate no significant differences in the patterns of movement between the two years of observation. Movement into the huts occurred during the early morning period (06:00-11:00) with a peak at 07:00 in the summer and rainy season and 09:00 in the winter.

Irritability and repellency of synthetic pyrethroids on an Aedes aegypti population from Thailand.

The main objective of this study was to find the optimal dosage of deltamethrin, cyphenothrin, D-tetramethrin, and tetramethrin that would elicit repellency and irritability responses of Aedes aegypti. The F1-F3 generations of field mosquitoes collected from Pu Teuy Village, Sai-Yok District, Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand, were tested with four pyrethroids to determine the LC(25), LC(50), and LC(99). These concentrations were 0.

Irritancy and repellency behavioral responses of three strains of Aedes aegypti exposed to DDT and alpha-cypermethrin.

This study quantified both contact irritancy and noncontact repellency behavioral responses of three strains of Aedes aegypti (L.) (one long-term colony and two F1-F2 generation field-caught strains) to field application rates of DDT (2 g/m2) and alpha-cypermethrin (ACyp) (0.025 g/m2) by using an excito-repellency test chamber.

The susceptibility of Anopheles lesteri to infection with Korean strain of Plasmodium vivax.

Background: Following its recent re-emergence, malaria has gained renewed attention as a serious infectious disease in Korea. Three species of the Hyrcanusgroup, Anopheles lesteri, Anopheles sinensis and Anopheles pullus, have long been suspected malaria vectors. However, opinions about their vector ability are controversial.

Biting patterns of Anopheles minimus complex (Diptera: Culicidae) in experimental huts treated with DDT and deltamethrin.

Biting patterns of natural populations of Anopheles minimus s.l. females entering experimental huts treated with DDT and deltamethrin were carried out at Pu Teuy Village, Sai Yok District, Kanchanaburi Province, western Thailand.

Adherence to antimalarial drug therapy among vivax malaria patients in northern Thailand.

Vivax malaria is a significant cause of morbidity due to malaria in northern Thailand, accounting for approximately 50% of all malaria cases. The objective of this study was to determine the behavioural factors associated with adherence to the standard 14-day course of chloroquine and primaquine, prescribed from malaria clinics, among patients with vivax malaria. A retrospective study was conducted among 206 patients living in Muang and Mae Sa Riang districts of Mae Hon Son province in northern Thailand.

Effects of physiological conditioning on behavioral avoidance by using a single age group of Aedes aegypti exposed to deltamethrin and DDT.

The behavioral and physiological responses of 6-d-old Aedes aegypti (L.) adult females exposed to deltamethrin and DDT were characterized using a free-choice excito-repellency test system. Excluding varying pretest age and carbohydrate availability as possible confounders, insecticide contact (measuring irritancy) and noncontact (measuring repellency) behavioral assays were conducted on two nonbloodfed groups, either unmated or mated (nulliparous), and two blood-fed groups, either parous or newly full-engorged mosquitoes.

A survey of dengue viral infection in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from re-epidemic areas in the north of Thailand using nucleic acid sequence based amplification assay.

Immature stages of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus were collected from 17 dengue re-epidemic areas in Chiang Mai and Lampang Provinces, in the north of Thailand. They were reared to adults and tested for dengue viral RNA by a nucleic acid sequence based amplification assay (NASBA).

A new classification system for the actions of IRS chemicals traditionally used for malaria control.

Knowledge of how mosquitoes respond to insecticides is of paramount importance in understanding how an insecticide functions to prevent disease transmission. A suite of laboratory assays was used to quantitatively characterize mosquito responses to toxic, contact irritant, and non-contact spatial repellent actions of standard insecticides. Highly replicated tests of these compounds over a range of concentrations proved that all were toxic, some were contact irritants, and even fewer were non-contact repellents.

The effect of host type on movement patterns of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) into and out of experimental huts in Thailand.

Flight behavior studies were carried out from December 2004 through February 2005 at two sites in Thailand to compare the movement patterns of Aedes aegypti into and out of experimental huts baited with a human host, dog host, or without a host using a mark-release-recapture study design. Studies were conducted in isolated villages of Kanchanaburi and Chiang Mai Provinces, Thailand. In the presence of a human host only 4.

Different spatial distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus along an urban-rural gradient and the relating environmental factors examined in three villages in northern Thailand.

A larval survey of dengue vectors was conducted from July to November 1966 and from May to November 1997 in Chiangmai Province, Thailand. Three villages in urban, transition, and rural areas were selected for the survey to clarify the spatial distribution of Ae. aegypti and Ae.

Influence of nutritional and physiological status on behavioral responses of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) to deltamethrin and cypermethrin.

Excito-repellency responses of Aedes aegypti (L.) exposed to deltamethrin and cypermethrin were assessed using an excito-repellency test system. Contact irritancy and non-contact repellency assays compared non-bloodfed (unfed) parous (post-gravid), nulliparous, early blood-fed, late blood-fed, sugar-fed, and unmated female mosquitoes for behavioral responses based on nutritional and physiological conditions at the time of testing.