Effects of microbubble pretreatment on physiochemical and microbial properties of excess activated sludge.

Fast increased amount of excess activated sludge (EAS) from wastewater treatment plants has aroused universal concerns on its environmental risks and demands for appropriate treatments, while effective treatment is dependent upon proper pretreatment. In this study, air-supplied microbubbles (air-MBs) with generated size of 25.18 to 28.

Glutamine Synthetase Contributes to the Regulation of Growth, Conidiation, Sclerotia Development, and Resistance to Oxidative Stress in the Fungus .

The basic biological function of glutamine synthetase (Gs) is to catalyze the conversion of ammonium and glutamate to glutamine. This synthetase also performs other biological functions. However, the roles of Gs in fungi, especially in filamentous fungi, are not fully understood.

-Myristoyltransferase, a Potential Antifungal Candidate Drug-Target for Aspergillus flavus.

The filamentous fungus Aspergillus flavus causes devastating diseases not only to cash crops but also to humans by secreting a series of secondary metabolites called aflatoxins. In the cotranslational or posttranslational process, -myristoyltransferase (Nmt) is a crucial enzyme that catalyzes the myristate group from myristoyl-coenzyme A (myristoyl-CoA) to the N terminus or internal glycine residue of a protein by forming a covalent bond. Members of the Nmt family execute a diverse range of biological functions across a broad range of fungi.

GTPase Rac Regulates Conidiation, AFB1 Production and Stress Response in Pathogenic Fungus .

As a member of the Rho family, Rac plays important roles in many species, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, DNA damage responses, metabolism, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression. In this study, by constructing -deleted mutants in , it was found that the deletion of gene led to the decline of growth and development, conidia production, AFB1 toxin synthesis, and seed infection ability of . The deletion of gene also caused the disappearance of sclerotium, indicating that is required for sclerotium formation in .

The regulatory role of the Aspergillus flavus core retromer complex in aflatoxin metabolism.

Aflatoxins are a series of highly toxic and carcinogenic secondary metabolites that are synthesized by Aspergillus species. The degradation of aflatoxin enzymes is an important regulatory mechanism which modulates mycotoxin producing. The retromer complex is responsible for the retrograde transport of specific biomolecules and the vacuolar fusion in the intracellular transport.

Cellular Apoptosis Induced by Deoxynivalenol.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is synthesized by species that frequently infect crops during storage, and it's harm risk to human is reflected in the consumption of infected food crops or indirectly through foods of animal origin. In this study, Hela and Chang liver cells were used to research the cellular apoptosis induced by deoxynivalenol. Cells were treated by DON toxin with a series of concentration and incubated for different time.

A New Modified Hysteroscopic-Laparoscopic Surgery for Cesarean Scar Pregnancy of Stable Type III.

Objective: To introduce a modified hysteroscopic-laparoscopic operation for cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) of stable type III.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively studied the case notes of 31 patients with stable type III cesarean scar pregnancy who underwent hysteroscopic-laparoscopic surgery in our hospital. Thirteen patients received the modified hysteroscopic-laparoscopic surgery (modified surgery group), and eighteen patients received traditional hysteroscopic-laparoscopic surgery (traditional surgery group).