Background: Pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in extremely preterm infants exhibits a high mortality rate and poor long-term outcomes. The aim of the present study was to develop a machine learning (ML) predictive model for RDS with PH in extremely preterm infants.
Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of extremely preterm infants with RDS at the Children's Hospital of Soochow University between January 2015 and January 2021.
Background: Correctly diagnosing and accurately distinguishing mycoplasma pneumonia in children has consistently posed a challenge in clinical practice, as it can directly impact the prognosis of affected children. To address this issue, we analyzed chest X-rays (CXR) using various deep learning models to diagnose pediatric mycoplasma pneumonia.
Methods: We collected 578 cases of children with mycoplasma infection and 191 cases of children with virus infection, with available CXR sets.
Rationale And Objectives: Perineural invasion (PNI) is an important prognostic biomarker for prostate cancer (PCa). This study aimed to develop and validate a predictive model integrating biparametric MRI-based deep learning radiomics and clinical characteristics for the non-invasive prediction of PNI in patients with PCa.
Materials And Methods: In this prospective study, 557 PCa patients who underwent preoperative MRI and radical prostatectomy were recruited and randomly divided into the training and the validation cohorts at a ratio of 7:3.
Aim: To develop a decision-support tool for predicting extubation failure (EF) in neonates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) using a set of machine-learning algorithms.
Methods: A dataset of 284 BPD neonates on mechanical ventilation was used to develop predictive models via machine-learning algorithms, including extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest, support vector machine, naïve Bayes, logistic regression, and k-nearest neighbor. The top three models were assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and their performance was tested by decision curve analysis (DCA).
Objective: Acute rupture and hemorrhage of pediatric brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) may lead to cerebral herniation or intractable intracranial hypertension, necessitating emerging surgical interventions to alleviate intracranial pressure. However, there is still controversy regarding the timing of treatment for ruptured AVMs. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of utilizing three-pillar expansive craniotomy (3PEC) at different times during the treatment of pediatric ruptured supratentorial AVMs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) is a congenital defect, with risk of developing various pancreaticobiliary and hepatic complications. The presentations of PBM in children and adults are believed to be different, but studies on PBM children of different age groups are limited. This study was to evaluate clinicopathologic characteristics and outcomes in PBM children of different ages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: To develop an end-to-end deep learning method for automated quantitative assessment of pediatric blunt hepatic trauma based on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT).
Methods: This retrospective study included 170 children with blunt hepatic trauma between May 1, 2015, and August 30, 2021, who had undergone contrast-enhanced CT. Both liver parenchyma and liver trauma regions were manually segmented from CT images.
To assess the impact of intrawound vancomycin on surgical site wound infections in non-spinal neurosurgical operations, we conducted a meta-analysis. A thorough review of the literature up to September 2022 showed that 4286 participants had a non-spinal neurosurgical operation at the start of the investigations; 1975 of them used intrawound vancomycin, while 2311 were control. Using dichotomous or contentious methods and a random or fixed-effect model, odds ratios (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to evaluate the impact of intrawound vancomycin on surgical site wound infections in non-spinal neurosurgical operation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAccording to relevant data, the morbidity and mortality of strokes in China remain high. Without effective treatment, stroke morbidity and mortality will continue to rise, which may become the second leading disease in the world. With the nonstop advancement and improvement of clinical innovation in China, the death pace of stroke patients has dropped altogether.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study was designed to investigate the predictors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome.
Methods: This was a single-center retrospective cohort study conducted between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2020. A total of 625 neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) were enrolled.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to establish an automatic classification model for chronic inflammation of the choledoch wall using deep learning with CT images in patients with pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM).
Methods: CT images were obtained from 76 PBM patients, including 61 cases assigned to the training set and 15 cases assigned to the testing set. The region of interest (ROI) containing the choledochal lesion was extracted and segmented using the UNet++ network.
Background: Choledochal cyst (CC) is a congenital bile duct malformation, with a higher incidence in minors. Patients with CCs are at risk of pancreatitis and ascending cholangitis. The main forms of treatments aim to avoid any possible hepatic, pancreatic, or biliary complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Pediatric intussusception is one of the most common causes of bowel obstruction in the pediatric population. Affected children have one section of the intestine sliding into the adjacent section. Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) can occur during pediatric intussusception, and any delay in diagnosis or treatment can lead to loss of intestinal viability that requires bowel resection.
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