Comprehensive assessment of occurrence, temporal-spatial variations, and ecological risks of heavy metals in Jiaozhou Bay, China: A comprehensive study.

Heavy metals play a significant role in marine ecosystems, exerting notable impacts on the environment and human health. In this study, water, sediment, and aquatic organism samples from Jiaozhou Bay were investigated to comprehensively assess the distribution, temporal-spatial variations, and ecological risks of heavy metals. The results indicate that pollution from industrial wastewater discharge contributes to regional differences in the distribution of heavy metals, possibly being a major source of Zn, Cr, Cd, and Hg (r > 0.

Sources and spatiotemporal variations of nitrogen and phosphorus in Liaodong Bay, China.

Excessive discharge of N and P pollutants results in deterioration of marine environment quality and reduction of sustainability and safety of marine ecology. Spatiotemporal variations characteristics and sources of N and P pollutants were determined based on the long-term monitoring data in Liaodong Bay. Results indicated that an evident spatiotemporal variation was investigated for nutrients.

Characteristics of Harmful Algal Species in the Coastal Waters of China from 1990 to 2017.

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have occurred frequently in coastal waters of China, imposing negative effects on the marine ecological environment. A dataset of HABs and terrestrial runoff was collected and analyzed in this study, and factors responsible for HABs were further explored. Frequency and expansion of HABs peaked between 2001 and 2007, and although they have declined slightly since then, they have remained quite high.

A multimodal intervention to improve hand hygiene compliance via social cognitive influences among kindergarten teachers in China.

Children attending kindergarten are at high risk for contracting infections, for which hand hygiene (HH) has been recognized as the most cost-effective prevention measure globally. Kindergarten teachers' HH behavior plays a vital role in encouraging favorable hygiene techniques and environment. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a multimodal intervention at changing kindergarten teachers' HH behavior and social cognitive factors that influences HH behavior in China.

A hand hygiene intervention to decrease hand, foot and mouth disease and absence due to sickness among kindergarteners in China: A cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of the "Clean Hands, Happy Life" intervention on the incidence of hand, food and mouth disease (HFMD) and on school absences due to sickness in kindergarten students.

Methods: The intervention consisted of four hand hygiene (HH) promotion components and was evaluated in a cluster-randomized controlled trial among 8275 children and 18 kindergartens from May to October, 2015 in Shenzhen, China. We compared two intervention arms - received the intervention in kindergartens only and in both kindergartens and families, respectively - to the control arm in multilevel analyses.

Overprescribing in China, driven by financial incentives, results in very high use of antibiotics, injections, and corticosteroids.

In appropriate prescribing is a global problem. It is especially salient in China, where drug sales constitute a major portion of health care providers' incomes, price distortions are rampant, and oversight is lax. However, few data exist on the prevalence of inappropriate prescribing in China.

Service functions of private community health stations in China: A comparison analysis with government-sponsored community health stations.

In China, with the restructuring of health care system moving forward, private community health facilities have been playing a complementary but increasingly important role in providing public health and basic medical care services in urban areas. However, only limited evidence is available concerning the service functions of private community health facilities in China. The aim of this study was to explore the functions of private community health stations (PCHSs) to provide evidence-based recommendations for policy-making and practice in the development of urban community health services systems.

Mapping the knowledge structure of research on patient adherence: knowledge domain visualization based co-word analysis and social network analysis.

Background: Patient adherence is an important issue for health service providers and health researchers. However, the knowledge structure of diverse research on treatment adherence is unclear. This study used co-word analysis and social network analysis techniques to analyze research literature on adherence, and to show their knowledge structure and evolution over time.

The role of functional polymorphisms of the TNF-alpha gene promoter in the risk of ischemic stroke in Chinese Han and Uyghur populations: Two case-control studies.

Background: Increasing evidences for the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the occurrence of ischemic stroke (IS) have shown that it belongs to pro-inflammatory cytokines and carries functional polymorphisms (TNF-alpha -238G/A and TNF-alpha -308G/A) in its promoter region, which affect their transcription rate and plasma cytokine level. We determined the association between these polymorphisms and the occurrence of IS in the Chinese Han and Uyghur populations.

Methods: The TNF-alpha -238G/A and TNF-alpha -308G/A polymorphisms were determined by TaqMan SNP Genotyping assays in cases (n=748) and controls (n=748).