Genomic discordances and heterogeneous mutational burden, PD-L1 expression and immune infiltrates of non-small cell lung cancer metastasis.

Aims: To investigate the genomic discordances and heterogeneous mutational burden, PD-L1 expression and immune cell (IC) infiltrates of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) metastasis.

Methods: Surgical samples from 41 cases of NSCLC with metastatic tumours (MTs) and paired primary tumours (PTs) were collected. PD-L1 expression and ICs were quantified using image-based immunohistochemistry profiling.

Single-cell sequencing reveals CD133CD44-originating evolution and novel stemness related variants in human colorectal cancer.

Background: Tumor heterogeneity of human colorectal cancer (CRC)-initiating cells (CRCICs) in cancer tissues often represents aggressive features of cancer progression. For high-resolution examination of CRCICs, we performed single-cell whole-exome sequencing (scWES) and bulk cell targeted exome sequencing (TES) of CRCICs to investigate stemness-specific somatic alterations or clonal evolution.

Methods: Single cells of three subpopulations of CRCICs (CD133CD44, CD133CD44, and CD133CD44 cells), CRC cells (CRCCs), and control cells from one CRC tissue were sorted for scWES.

Mutations of predict response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Background And Aim: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by radical cystectomy is the current gold standard treatment for muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer (MIBC). Nonetheless, some MIBC patients showed limited pathological response after NAC. Herein, we used whole-exome sequencing (WES) to identify genetic mutations in MIBC that can predict NAC response.

Genomic alterations caused by HPV integration in a cohort of Chinese endocervical adenocarcinomas.

The association between human papillomavirus (HPV) integration and relevant genomic changes in uterine cervical adenocarcinoma is poorly understood. This study is to depict the genomic mutational landscape in a cohort of 20 patients. HPV+ and HPV- groups were defined as patients with and without HPV integration in the host genome.

Genomic profiling in amyloid light-chain amyloidosis reveals mutation profiles associated with overall survival.

Amyloid light chain (AL) amyloidosis is characterized by tissue deposition of amyloid fibres derived from immunoglobulin that can lead to irreversible organ damage. Information about genomic profiles of AL amyloidosis is lacking. In this study, we adopted a two-step strategy to investigate the mutational profile of AL amyloidosis bone marrow plasma cells (PCs) and their clinical implications.

Clonal evolution of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from normal mucosa to primary tumor and metastases.

The clonal evolution which drives esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) from initiation in normal cell to primary carcinoma and metastases is poorly understood. In this study, multi-region whole-exome sequencing (WES) (284X) and whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping were performed on a total of 109 samples of ESCC from 10 patients. This included 42 apparently normal samples of esophageal mucosa at increasing distances from the upper or lower boundaries of the primary tumor to the surgical margins of resection, 43 spatially separated tissue samples within primary tumor and 24 regional lymph node metastases.

Genome Evolution Analysis of Recurrent Testicular Malignant Mesothelioma by Whole-Genome Sequencing.

Background/aims: Malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis is a rare and lethal disease. The genomic characteristics and genetic changes of tumor cells during the progression of this disease are unknown.

Methods: we performed whole-genome sequencing of four successive tumor samples derived from surgery and a blood sample in a single patient.

The Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequences of the Medicinal Plant Forsythia suspensa (Oleaceae).

is an important medicinal plant and traditionally applied for the treatment of inflammation, pyrexia, gonorrhea, diabetes, and so on. However, there is limited sequence and genomic information available for . Here, we produced the complete chloroplast genomes of using Illumina sequencing technology.

Mutation landscape and intra-tumor heterogeneity of two MANECs of the esophagus revealed by multi-region sequencing.

Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) in the esophagus is an infrequent but highly malignant cancer with few known genomic alterations. We conducted whole-exome sequencing and whole-genome SNP genotyping for 4-6 tumor subregions and 5-6 adjacent normal tissue sites and 1-3 lymph node metastases in two esophageal MANECs to detect somatic mutations and copy number alterations, and to explore their spatial heterogeneity and underlying clonal structure. mutation, deletion or LOH, and amplification appeared in all regions in both tumors.

Complete plastid genome of (Fisch.) Bunge var. membranaceus.

The complete nucleotide sequence of the (Fisch.) Bunge var. membranaceus chloroplast genome was reported and characterized in this study.

Intraspecific and heteroplasmic variations, gene losses and inversions in the chloroplast genome of Astragalus membranaceus.

Astragalus membranaceus is an important medicinal plant in Asia. Several of its varieties have been used interchangeably as raw materials for commercial production. High resolution genetic markers are in urgent need to distinguish these varieties.

Comprehensive analysis of alternative splicing in Digitalis purpurea by strand-specific RNA-Seq.

Digitalis purpurea (D. purpurea) is one of the most important medicinal plants and is well known in the treatment of heart failure because of the cardiac glycosides that are its main active compounds. However, in the absence of strand specific sequencing information, the post-transcriptional mechanism of gene regulation in D.

Aberrant miRNA expression response to UV irradiation in human liver cancer cells.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are small, highly conserved, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post‑transcriptional level. The expression of these small RNA genes is tightly regulated during development, differentiation and apoptosis of normal cells, however, they are often deregulated in various types of cancer. miRNA expression is also affected by cellular stress, including radiation and chemotherapy.

Preparation of heparin-immobilized PVA and its adsorption for low-density lipoprotein from hyperlipemia plasma.

In this study, heparin was covalently coupled by glutaraldehyde to Poly(vinyl alcohol) [PVA] in solid-liquid two-phase reaction system by two-step synthesis method to prepare a LDL-selective adsorbent. The parameters (the material ratio, reaction time and dosage of catalyzer) were investigated to evaluate their effect upon the immobilized amount of heparin onto the surface of PVA, IR was used to verify the covalent immobilization result and the heparin-modified PVA was also undergone the evaluation of its adsorption capability for low-density lipoprotein from hyperlipemia plasma, and its hemocompatibility was preliminarily evaluated by platelet adhesion test. Results showed: (1) under optimized reaction conditions the highest immobilization amount of heparin onto PVA surface within the experiments of this study has been obtained; (2) the optimized reaction conditions were: (i) at the refluxing temperature 78 degrees C; (ii) the material ratio of "PVA(g): 50% glutaraldehyde (ml)" was about "1:3"; (iii) the reaction time was about 5 h; and (iv) the amount of catalyzer (concentrated HCL) was about 1% of the 50% glutaraldehyde; (3) within the experiments of this study the highest immobilization amount would be up to 25 microg heparin on the surface of per g PVA granules; (4) the heparin-modified PVA granules showed significant adsorption for LDL under faintly alkaline environment (pH=7.

[ICE expression in laryngeal carcinoma and it's clinical relationship].

Objective: To study the role of ICE in Laryngeal Carcinoma.

Method: Using polyclonal antibody for ICE gene protein, 73 cases of laryngeal carcinoma, 30 cases dysplasia and 5 cases normal were stained by SP immunohistochemistry.

Result: ICE protein is situated mainly in the upper of epithelium and a little in the basal layer.