Prognosis of critically ill patients with early and late sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: an observational study based on the MIMIC-IV.

Objective: The Acute Disease Quality Initiative (ADQI) working group recently released a consensus definition of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI), but the prognosis and risk factors for early and late SA-AKI have not been studied.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study based on the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database (v2.2).

Individualized PEEP titration by lung compliance during one-lung ventilation: a meta-analysis.

Background: Despite the physiological advantages of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), its optimal utilization during one-lung ventilation (OLV) remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate whether individualized PEEP titration by lung compliance is associated with a reduced risk of postoperative pulmonary complications during OLV.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials until April 1, 2024, to identify published randomized controlled trials that compared individualized PEEP titration by lung compliance with fixed PEEP during OLV.

Association of acetaminophen use with mortality and renal recovery in patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury.

Background: Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is common and associated with poor outcomes in critically ill patients. Acetaminophen is often used as an antipyretic and analgesic drug, but the association of acetaminophen use with mortality and recovery of renal function in SA-AKI patients remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between acetaminophen use and outcomes in SA-AKI patients.

Association between driving pressure-guided ventilation and postoperative pulmonary complications in surgical patients: a meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis.

Background: Prior studies have reported inconsistent results regarding the association between driving pressure-guided ventilation and postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). We aimed to investigate whether driving pressure-guided ventilation is associated with a lower risk of PPCs.

Methods: We systematically searched electronic databases for RCTs comparing driving pressure-guided ventilation with conventional protective ventilation in adult surgical patients.

Association between the ROX index and mortality in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Although ROX index is frequently used to assess the efficacy of high-flow nasal cannula treatment in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) patients, the relationship between the ROX index and the mortality remains unclear. Therefore, a retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the ability of the ROX index to predict mortality risk in patients with AHRF.

Method: Patients diagnosed with AHRF were extracted from the MIMIC-IV database and divided into four groups based on the ROX index quartiles.

Association of magnesium sulfate use with mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis: a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study.

Background: Trials have demonstrated lower rates of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients receiving magnesium supplementation, but they have yielded conflicting results regarding mortality.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study based on the MIMIC-IV (Medical Information Mart in Intensive Care-IV) database. Adult critically ill patients with sepsis were included in the analysis.

Cannabinoid receptor 2 alleviates sepsis-associated acute lung injury by modulating maturation of dendritic cells.

Background: Dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in a variety of inflammatory lung diseases, but their role in sepsis-associated acute lung injury (SA-ALI) is currently not been illuminated. Cannabinoid receptor 2 (CNR2) has been reported to regulate the DCs maturation. However, whether the CNR2 in DCs contributes to therapeutic therapy for SA-ALI remain unclear.

Exosomal miR-127-5p from BMSCs alleviated sepsis-related acute lung injury by inhibiting neutrophil extracellular trap formation.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play an important role in sepsis-related acute lung injury (ALI). Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived exosomes and miRNA are becoming promising agents for the treatment of ALI. The current study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by BMSCs-derived exosomes carrying miR-127-5p inhibiting to the formation of NETs in sepsis-related ALI.

Identification and initial validation of maximal tumor area as a novel prognostic factor for overall and disease-free survival in patients with resectable colon cancer: a retrospective study.

Background: The tumor area may be a potential prognostic indicator. The present study aimed to determine and validate the prognostic value of tumor area in curable colon cancer.

Methods: This retrospective study included a training and validation cohorts of patients who underwent radical surgery for colon cancer.

Pre-intensive care unit use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and mortality in critically ill adults with mental disorders: analysis from the MIMIC-IV database.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most commonly prescribed drugs for mental disorders in critically ill patients. We performed a retrospective cohort study to investigate the association between pre-ICU use of SSRIs and mortality in critically ill adults with mental disorders. We identified critically ill adults with mental disorders based on the Medical Information Mart in Intensive Care-IV database.

The Timing of Initiating Hydrocortisone and Long-term Mortality in Septic Shock.

Background: Previous studies on the association between the timing of corticosteroid administration and mortality in septic shock focused only on short-term mortality and produced conflicting results. We performed a retrospective review of a large administrative database of intensive care unit (ICU) patients to evaluate the association between the timing of hydrocortisone initiation and short- and long-term mortality in septic shock. We hypothesized that a longer duration between the first vasopressor use for sepsis and steroid initiation was associated with increased mortality.

Effect of early vasopressin combined with norepinephrine on short-term mortality in septic shock: A retrospective study based on the MIMIC-IV database.

Background: Septic shock is a leading cause of death in intensive care units (ICUs), with short-term mortality rates of 35-40%. Vasopressin (AVP) is a second-line vasoactive agent for septic shock, and recent studies suggest that early AVP use can be beneficial. However, differences between early initiation of AVP combined with norepinephrine (NE) and nonearly AVP with NE are unclear.

Norepinephrine combined with phenylephrine versus norepinephrine in patients with septic shock: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Phenylephrine (PE) and norepinephrine (NE) may be used to maintain adequate blood pressure and tissue perfusion in patients with septic shock, but the effect of NE combined with PE (NE-PE) on mortality remains unclear. We hypothesized that NE-PE would not inferior to NE alone for all-cause hospital mortality in patients with septic shock.

Methods: This single-center, retrospective cohort study included adult patients with septic shock.

Association between hospital surgical case volume and postoperative mortality in patients undergoing gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative mortality is an important indicator for evaluating surgical safety. Postoperative mortality is influenced by hospital volume; however, this association is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the volume-outcome association between the hospital surgical case volume for gastrectomies per year (hospital volume) and the risk of postoperative mortality in patients undergoing a gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

Impact of Falls Within 3 Months on the Short-Term Prognoses of Elderly Patients in Intensive Care Units: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using Stabilized Inverse Probability Treatment Weighting.

Background: Falls are a major public health problem in the older adults that can lead to poor clinical outcomes. There have been few reports on the short-term prognoses of older critically ill patients, and so we sought to determine the impact of falls on elderly patients in intensive care units (ICUs).

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study of 4503 patients (aged 65 years or older) analyzed data in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-III critical care database.

P(v-a)CO/C(a-v)O as a red blood cell transfusion trigger and prognostic indicator for sepsis-related anaemia: protocol for a prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion primarily aims to improve oxygen transport and tissue oxygenation. The transfusion strategy based on haemoglobin concentration could not accurately reflect cellular metabolism. The ratio of venous-arterial carbon dioxide tension difference to arterial-venous oxygen content difference (P(v-a)CO/C(a-v)O) is a good indicator of cellular hypoxia.

Burden and Trends of IBD in 5 Asian Countries From 1990 to 2019: A Comparison With the United States and the United Kingdom.

Background: IBD is becoming a global health challenge, with substantial variations in incidence and death rates between Eastern and Western countries.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the burden and trends of IBD in 5 Asian countries, the United States, and the United Kingdom.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study.

The Burden of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer and Its Risk Factors from 1990 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Background: The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosed before age 50 has been increasing over the past decades. Hence, we examined the global, regional, and national burden of early-onset CRC and its risk factors from 1990 to 2019.

Methods: Using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019, we reported the incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to the risk factors of early-onset CRC.

The burden and trend of gastric cancer and possible risk factors in five Asian countries from 1990 to 2019.

The burdens and trends of gastric cancer are poorly understood, especially in high-prevalence countries. Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, we analyzed the incidence, death, and possible risk factors of gastric cancer in five Asian countries, in relation to year, age, sex, and sociodemographic index. The annual percentage change was calculated to estimate the trends in age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized death rate (ASDR).

High flow nasal oxygen versus conventional oxygen therapy in gastrointestinal endoscopy with conscious sedation: Systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis.

Objectives: Although conventional oxygen therapy (COT) is widely used, hypoxemia frequently occurs in gastrointestinal endoscopy with conscious sedation and can lead to life-threatening consequences. High flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) has been applied to improve oxygenation in clinical entities. However, its efficacy to prevent hypoxemia in gastrointestinal endoscopy with conscious sedation has not been evaluated.