Synergistic effects of hierarchical porous structures and ultra-high pyridine nitrogen doping enhance the oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalytic performance of metal-free laminated lignin-based carbon.

Construction of non-metallic biomass-carbon based catalysts for fuel cell air cathode applications has attracted great attention in recent years. In this work, a convenient and clean technique was developed to fabrication nitrogen-doped lignin-based hierarchical porous lamellar carbon (N-LHPC) via lignin as the carbon precursor, melamine/urea as the nitrogen source and ZnCO.2HO as the chemical activator.