Liver Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Mechanisms of Metabolic Adaptation of Xizang Sheep to Seasonal Changes.

: The Xizang sheep is a unique breed of sheep in the highland regions of China that has gradually developed physiological characteristics adapted to the plate environment through long-term natural selection and artificial breeding. However, little is known about the molecular basis of metabolic adaptation to seasons in Xizang sheep. : In this study, liver tissues from Xizang sheep in summer (SL) and autumn (AL) were selected for transcriptome sequencing to explore the metabolic adaptability of Xizang sheep to seasons.

GnRH Immunocastration in Male Xizang Sheep: Impacts on Rumen Microbiome and Metabolite Profiles for Enhanced Health and Productivity.

Castration is a prevalent and indispensable practice in sheep husbandry, aiding in enhancing meat quality, mitigating aggressive behavior, and managing unwanted reproduction. Nevertheless, the conventional surgical castration procedure poses several challenges, including heightened stress and pain, detrimental impacts on animal welfare, and diminished economic efficacy in farming operations. Consequently, immunocastration methods, serving as substitutes for surgical castration, are progressively finding application in livestock.

Multi-omics reveals the effects of dietary supplementation with branch powder on gut microbiota and lipid metabolism: insights into gut microbial-muscle interactions.

Unlabelled: Improving livestock growth and raising the quality of livestock products have attracted much attention owing to the market's growing need for livestock products. branches powder (BR) has a variety of health characteristics, but its effects on ruminant growth and animal product quality are still uncertain. This study explored the effects of BR on growth performance, health status, gut microbiota, and muscle lipid metabolism of Shaanxi fine-wool sheep (SFS), and examined the interaction between gut microbiota and lipid metabolism through correlation analysis.

Effects of microbiota-testis interactions on the reproductive health of male ruminants: A review.

Ruminants are one of the world's economically important species, and their reproductive health is critical to the economic development of the livestock industry. In recent years, research on the relationship between microbiota and reproductive health has received much attention. Microbiota disruption affects the developmental health of the testes and epididymis, the male reproductive organs of the host, which in turn is related to sperm quality.

The expression spectrum of yak epididymal epithelial cells reveals the functional diversity of caput, corpus and cauda regions.

Sperm undergo a series of changes in the epididymis region before acquiring the ability to move and fertilize, and the identification of genes expressed in a region-specific manner in the epididymis provides a valuable insight into functional differences between regions. We collected epididymal tissue from three yaks and cultured epithelial cells from the caput, corpus and cauda regions of the yak epididymis using the tissue block method. RNA sequencing analysis (RNA-seq) technology was used to detect gene expression in yak epididymal caput, corpus and cauda epithelial cells.

Analysis of histomorphology and SERNINA5 gene expression in different regions of epididymis of cattleyak.

The molecular mechanism of sterility in cattleyak is still unresolved. The related factors of infertility in cattleyak were studied by tissue section, SERPINA5 gene cloning and bioinformatics technology. Tissue sections of the epididymis showed poorly structured and disorganized epithelial cells in the corpus of the epididymis compared to the caput of the epididymis, while in the cauda part of the epididymis, the extra basal smooth muscle was thinner, the surface of the epithelial lumen was discontinuous and the epithelium was markedly degenerated.

Dietary Supplementation with Reduces Oxidative Stress Occurring during Growth by Regulating Rumen Microbes and Metabolites.

Oxidative stress (OS) in ruminants is closely associated with disease; thus, improving antioxidant capacity is an important strategy for maintaining host health. (BR) could significantly improve host health and stress levels. However, the clear antioxidant mechanism of the function of BR remains unknown.

Coping with extremes: the rumen transcriptome and microbiome co-regulate plateau adaptability of Xizang goat.

The interactions between the rumen microbiota and the host are crucial for the digestive and absorptive processes of ruminants, and they are heavily influenced by the climatic conditions of their habitat. Owing to the harsh conditions of the high-altitude habitat, little is known about how ruminants regulate the host transcriptome and the composition of their rumen microbiota. Using the model species of goats, we examined the variations in the rumen microbiota, transcriptome regulation, and climate of the environment between high altitude (Lhasa, Xizang; 3650 m) and low altitude (Chengdu, Sichuan, China; 500 m) goats.

Sulforaphane reduces adipose tissue fibrosis via promoting M2 macrophages polarization in HFD fed-mice.

Adipose tissue fibrosis has been identified as a novel contributor to the pathomechanism of obesity associated metabolic disorders. Sulforaphane (SFN) has been shown to have an anti-obesity effect. However, the impact of SFN on adipose tissue fibrosis is still not well understood.

Comparative Analysis of the Pre-Parturition and Post-Parturition Genital Tract Microbiota in Plateau Bangor Sewa Sheep.

(1) Background: Bangor Sewa sheep are an economically significant livestock species on the plateau. The roles of microbiota in reproduction are complex and critical for animal health. But little is known currently about the microbiome of plateau Bangor Sewa sheep.

The role of GnRH in Tibetan male sheep and goat reproduction.

The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis connects the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and gonads. The regulation of reproductive processes includes integrating various factors from structural functions and environmental conditions in the HPG axis, with the outcome indication of these processes being the pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus. These factors include feed consumption and nutritional condition, sex steroids, season/photoperiod, pheromones, age, and stress.

Inhibits Lipid Deposition in Goat Intramuscular Preadipocytes.

Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase () is a major regulator of fatty acid oxidation catalyzing the decarboxylation of malonyl coenzyme A (malonyl-CoA). Although its involvement in human diseases has been well studied, its role in intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition remains unknown. In this present study, 1726 bp of cDNA was cloned (OM937122) from goat liver, including 5'UTR of 27 bp, 3'UTR of 199 bp, and CDS of 1500 bp, encoding 499 amino acids.

Identification and analysis of differentially expressed (DE) circRNA in epididymis of yak and cattleyak.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs), as endogenous non-coding RNA with unique closed ring structure, is closely related to animal reproduction, and understanding the expression of circRNA in yak and cattleyak epididymal tissues is of great significance for understanding cattleyak sterility. Based on this, we screened and identified the differentially expressed circRNA in the epididymis of three yaks and two cattleyak. A total of 1,298 circRNAs were identified in the epididymis of yak and cattleyak, of which 137 differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs and the functions of some of them were elucidated in this research, as well as qPCR verification to 6 circRNAs from the 137 DE circRNAs.

Comparative transcriptome analysis in the caput segment of yak and cattleyak epididymis.

Cattleyaks are equally adaptable to harsh environment as yaks, but produce far more milk and meat in terms of quality and quantity. However, male cattleyaks with active secondary sexuality are infertile and have restricted productivity and breeding of yaks. Much researches continue to be done in regard to the differences in transcriptome profiling in cattleyak epididymis with respect to yak epididymis.

DNA methylome of primary spermatocyte reveals epigenetic dysregulation associated with male sterility of cattleyak.

DNA cytosine methylation modification in the germline is of particular importance since it is a highly heritable epigenetic mark. Although cytosine methylation has been analyzed at the genome-scale for several mammalian species, our knowledge of DNA methylation patterns and the mechanisms underlying male hybrid sterility is still limited in domestic animals such as cattleyak. Here we for the first time show the genome-wide and single-base resolution landscape of methylcytosines (mC) in the primary spermatocyte (PSC) genome of yak with normal spermatogenesis and the inter-specific hybrid cattleyak with male infertility.

RNA-Seq reveals the functional specificity of epididymal caput, corpus, and cauda genes of cattleyak.

The first filial generation of the cattleyaks demonstrates hybrid vigor; however, the male cattleyaks are infertile and restrict productivity and breeding. The discovery of genes in a segment-specific approach offers valuable information and understanding concerning fertility status, yet the biology of cattleyak epididymis is still progressing. Comparative transcriptome analysis was performed on segment pairs of cattleyak epididymis.

Testis transcriptome profiling identified lncRNAs involved in spermatogenic arrest of cattleyak.

Cattleyaks are the crossbred offspring between cattle and yaks, exhibiting the prominent adaptability to the harsh environment as yaks and much higher growth performances than yaks around Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Unfortunately, cattleyak cannot be effectively used in yak breeding due to its male infertility resulted from spermatogenic arrest. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and bioinformatics analysis to determine the expression profiles of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) from cattleyak and yak testis.

Comparative iTRAQ proteomics identified proteins associated with sperm maturation between yak and cattleyak epididymis.

Background: During maturation, spermatozoa acquire motility and fertilizing capacity as they transit through the epididymis. In recent years, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis has been employed in proteomics studies conducted in rat, boar and human. However, there has not been a complete information regarding the proteins associated with sperm maturation in the epididymis.

High-throughput sequencing reveals differential expression of miRNAs in yak and cattleyak epididymis.

Cattleyaks (CY) are interspecific hybrids between cattle (Bos taurus) and yak (Bos gruniens, YK) exhibiting the same prominent adaptability and higher performances than YK. The main problem of this crossbreeding is that the males are sterile. Different series of events of spermatogenesis coordinate to regulate gene expressing, involving microRNAs (miRNAs).

ADIPOR1 regulates genes involved in milk fat metabolism in goat mammary epithelial cells.

Background: Fat metabolism is a complex process regulated by a number of factors. Adiponectin receptor 1 (ADIPOR1) gene takes active part in lipid metabolism. Although, there have been some researches indicating that ADIPOR1 could influence the milk fat metabolism through targeting some factors, little is known about the effect of ADIPOR1 on goat milk fat metabolism.

Comparative rna-seq analysis of region-specific miRNA expression in the epididymis of cattleyak.

The epididymis is the site of post-testicular sperm maturation, which constitutes the acquisition of sperm motility and the ability to recognize and fertilize oocytes. The role of miRNA in male reproductive system, including the control of different steps leading to proper fertilization such as gametogenesis, sperm maturation and maintenance of male fertility where the deletion of Dicer in mouse germ cells led to infertility, has been demonstrated. The identification of miRNA expression in a region-specific manner will therefore provide valuable insight into the functional differences between the regions of the epididymis.

Analysis of long non-coding RNAs in epididymis of cattleyak associated with male infertility.

Cattleyak (CY), is a cross breed between cattle and yak (YK), which display equal adaptability to the harsh environment as YK and much higher performances than YK. However, the CY is female fertile and male sterile. Previous studies were conducted on testes tissues to investigate the mechanism of male infertility in CY.