An exosomes-related lncRNA prognostic model correlates with the immune microenvironment and therapy response in lung adenocarcinoma.

Recent research highlights the significance of exosomes and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer progression and drug resistance, but their role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is not fully understood. We analyzed 121 exosome-related (ER) mRNAs from the ExoBCD database, along with mRNA and lncRNA expression profiles of TCGA-LUAD using "DESeq2", "survival," "ConsensusClusterPlus," "GSVA," "estimate," "glmnet," "clusterProfiler," "rms," and "pRRophetic" R packages. This comprehensive approach included univariate cox regression, unsupervised consensus clustering, GSEA, functional enrichment analysis, and prognostic model construction.

Non-small cell lung cancer patient with a rare UGP2-ALK fusion protein responded well to alectinib: a case report.

Several rare anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusions have been identified in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, their treatment is not currently uniform. alectinib has been commonly used to treat rare ALK fusions in patients with NSCLC. This is the first study to report the occurrence of a uridine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase 2 (UGP2)-ALK fusion in a patient with NSCLC.

Derivation and Validation of a Predictive Scoring Model of Infections Due to in Patients with Hospital Acquired Pneumonia by Gram-Negative Bacilli.

Background: The prognosis of ABA-HAP patients is very poor. This study aimed to develop a scoring model to predict ABA-HAP in patients with GNB-HAP.

Methods: A single center retrospective cohort study was performed among patients with HAP caused by GNB in our hospital during January 2019 to June 2019 (the derivation cohort, DC).

Photodynamic therapy for primary tracheobronchial malignancy in Northwestern China.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been routinely performed to treat tracheobronchial malignancy. However, the experience in tracheobronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and peripheral lung cancer is still insufficient. This study aimed to share the experience of PDT for patients with primary tracheobronchial malignancy, especially the adenoid cystic carcinoma and peripheral lung cancer, and evaluated the efficacy and safety of PDT in Northwestern Chinese patients.

Erratum: Study on clinical characteristics of 173 cases of COVID-19 and effect of glucocorticoid on nucleic acid negative conversion.

[This corrects the article on p. 4251 in vol. 13, PMID: 34150012.

Study on clinical characteristics of 173 cases of COVID-19 and effect of glucocorticoid on nucleic acid negative conversion.

: To study the clinical characteristics, changes in relevant test parameters, time of nucleic acid negative conversion, and effect of glucocorticoid treatment in Wuhan area patients with the novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). : Data of 173 inpatients at Huoshenshan Hospital from February 10 to March 17, 2020, were analyzed retrospectively. Clinical characteristics, partial test results, and the influence of glucocorticoid therapy on the clinical outcomes of nucleic acid negative conversion and changes in lung CT images were compared.

Reducing human activity promotes environmental restoration in arid and semi-arid regions: A case study in Northwest China.

Human activities have adversely impacted grassland net primary productivity (NPP) across the world, and quantitative estimations of the anthropogenic impacts on NPP (HNPP) can be helpful to improve environmental protection and climate adaptation measures. However, disentangling the effects of climate variability and human activities on NPP is problematic and requires the calculation of potential net primary productivity (PNPP). In this study, we assessed the anthropogenic impacts on NPP in the Shiyang River basin-a typical arid and semi-arid region.

Adipose mesenchymal stem cell-derived antioxidative extracellular vesicles exhibit anti-oxidative stress and immunomodulatory effects under PM exposure.

PM exposure elevates the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the lungs and leads to lung injury or other pulmonary conditions. Nrf2 is a key antioxidative regulator that suppresses ROS production. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) have been identified as therapeutic as well as potential drug/gene/protein carriers.

Resveratrol inhibits viability and induces apoptosis in the small‑cell lung cancer H446 cell line via the PI3K/Akt/c‑Myc pathway.

There have been no major breakthroughs in the treatment of small‑cell lung cancer (SCLC) in recent decades. It is thus essential to explore new or adjuvant treatment options for SCLC. Resveratrol (Res) is a natural antioxidant revealed to influence the entire process of cancer development.

Automated detection and quantification of COVID-19 pneumonia: CT imaging analysis by a deep learning-based software.

Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging worldwide threat to public health. While chest computed tomography (CT) plays an indispensable role in its diagnosis, the quantification and localization of lesions cannot be accurately assessed manually. We employed deep learning-based software to aid in detection, localization and quantification of COVID-19 pneumonia.

Expert consensus for diagnosis and treatment using medical thoracoscopy in China.

Medical thoracoscopy is a commonly used endoscopic technique for the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases. As an invasive technique, it is mainly used for pleural effusions and pleural diseases that cannot be diagnosed by non-invasive methods. It is also of great application in the diagnosis and treatment of certain other diseases.

Clinical application of photodynamic therapy for malignant airway tumors in China.

With the development of interventional pulmonology, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is gradually being used in the treatment of respiratory malignant tumors because of its low level of trauma, high specificity, and compatibility with traditional or common therapies. However, at present, the data of clinical evidence-based medicine for PDT applied in central airway tumors is very limited, and derives mainly from case reports or series of case studies which lack consensus on clinical diagnosis and treatment. In order to further disseminate China's experience, the Tumor Photodynamic Therapy Committee of China Anti-Cancer Association and the World Endoscopy Association-Respiratory Endoscopy Association invited experts from relevant fields to form an expert committee.

Chinese Expert Recommendation for Diagnosis and Treatment of Massive Hemoptysis.

Massive hemoptysis is one of emergency and critical diseases of the respiratory system. The definition of massive hemoptysis has always been different in the literature, which often depends on the quantitative estimation of the amount of hemoptysis, such as the amount of hemoptysis being in the range of 300-600 mL within 24 h, or hemoptysis more than 3 times within 1 week. Each amount of hemoptysis that is greater than 100 mL can be considered as massive hemoptysis, but the amount of hemoptysis is difficult to accurately estimate.

Distal airway stem cells ameliorate bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by loss of lung epithelial cells and inexorable progression of fibrosis with no effective and approved treatments. The distal airway stem/progenitor cells (DASCs) have been shown to have potent regenerative capacity after lung injury. In this work, we aimed to define the role of mouse DASCs (mDASCs) in response to bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice.

Interventional Bronchoscopy for the Treatment of Malignant Central Airway Stenosis: An Expert Recommendation for China.

Malignant central airway stenosis refers to airway stenosis caused by primary or metastatic malignant tumors which may lead to different levels of dyspnea or asphyxia in patients. With the rapid development of interventional pulmonology, therapeutic bronchoscopy has become one of the main methods for the diagnosis and treatment of malignant central airway stenosis. However, the level of diagnosis and treatment of respiratory intervention techniques in China is uneven at present, the treatment methods are not uniform, the treatment effects vary greatly, and some treatments even lead to serious complications.

Management of Persistent Air Leaks Using Endobronchial Autologous Blood Patch and Spigot Occlusion: A Multicentre Randomized Controlled Trial in China.

Background: Optimal management of persistent air leaks (PALs) in patients with secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP) remains controversial.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endobronchial autologous blood plus thrombin patch (ABP) and bronchial occlusion using silicone spigots (BOS) in patients with SSP accompanied by alveolar-pleural fistula (APF) and PALs.

Methods: This prospective multicentre randomized controlled trial compared chest tube-attached water-seal drainage (CTD), ABP, and BOS that were performed between February 2015 and June 2017 in one of six tertiary care hospitals in China.

Chinese expert consensus on diagnosis and management of acquired respiratory-digestive tract fistulas.

Acquired respiratory-digestive tract fistulas occur with abnormal communication between the airways and digestive tract, causing the interflow of gas and liquid. Despite advances in surgical methods and the development of multimodal therapy in recent years, patients with acquired respiratory-digestive tract fistulas continue to exhibit unfavorable clinical outcomes. Therefore, in order to guide clinical practice in China, the Respiratory and Cancer Intervention Alliance of the Beijing Health Promotion Association organized a group of experienced experts in the field to develop this consensus document.

Resveratrol promotes the sensitivity of small-cell lung cancer H446 cells to cisplatin by regulating intrinsic apoptosis.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of resveratrol on small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell proliferation and apoptosis. The results demonstrated that resveratrol concentration- and time-dependently reduced H446 cell viability. In addition, cells treated with resveratrol displayed higher apoptotic rates, in association with mitochondrial depolarization, cytochrome c release from the mitochondrial compartment to the cytoplasm, apoptosis-inducing factor translocation from the mitochondrial compartment to the nucleus, and altered protein levels of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Bax.

Use of Interferon-γ release assay for the diagnosis of female genital tuberculosis in Northwest China.

Background: Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is one of the major causes of infertility. However, nonspecific manifestations and the lack of easy access to gold-standard diagnostic test render a diagnostic difficult for FGTB. The objective of this study was to determine T-SPOT.

Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen pools in permafrost zones of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

There are several publications related to the soil organic carbon (SOC) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). However, most of these reports were from different parts of the plateau with various sampling depth. Here, we present the results from a systematic sampling and analysis of 200 soil pits.

Soil moisture and texture primarily control the soil nutrient stoichiometry across the Tibetan grassland.

Soil nutrient stoichiometry and its environmental controllers play vital roles in understanding soil-plant interaction and nutrient cycling under a changing environment, while they remain poorly understood in alpine grassland due to lack of systematic field investigations. We examined the patterns and controls of soil nutrients stoichiometry for the top 10cm soils across the Tibetan ecosystems. Soil nutrient stoichiometry varied substantially among vegetation types.

Permafrost and land cover as controlling factors for light fraction organic matter on the southern Qinghai-Tibetan plateau.

Permafrost degradation can stimulate the decomposition of organic soil matter and cause a large amount of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. The light fraction organic matter (LFOM) is a labile substrate for microbial decomposition and probably plays an important role in future permafrost carbon cycles. However, little is known about the distribution of LFOM and its relationship with permafrost and environmental factors.