Advanced nanomedicines and immunotherapeutics to treat respiratory diseases especially COVID-19 induced thrombosis.

Immunotherapy and associated immune regulation strategies gained huge attraction in order to be utilized for treatment and prevention of respiratory diseases. Engineering specifically nanomedicines can be used to regulate host immunity in lungs in the case of respiratory diseases including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. COVID-19 causes pulmonary embolisms, thus new therapeutic options are required to target thrombosis, as conventional treatment options are either not effective due to the complexity of the immune-thrombosis pathophysiology.

Investigating the ID3/SLC22A4 as immune-related signatures in ischemic stroke.

Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is a fearful disease that can cause a variety of immune events. Nevertheless, precise immune-related mechanisms have yet to be systematically elucidated. This study aimed to identify immune-related signatures using machine learning and to validate them with animal experiments and single cell analysis.

Martian dunes indicative of wind regime shift in line with end of ice age.

Orbital observations suggest that Mars underwent a recent 'ice age' (roughly 0.4-2.1 million years ago), during which a latitude-dependent ice-dust mantle (LDM) was emplaced.

The Moon's farside shallow subsurface structure unveiled by Chang'E-4 Lunar Penetrating Radar.

On 3 January 2019, China's Chang'E-4 (CE-4) successfully landed on the eastern floor of Von Kármán crater within the South Pole-Aitken Basin, becoming the first spacecraft in history to land on the Moon's farside. Here, we report the observations made by the Lunar Penetrating Radar (LPR) onboard the Yutu-2 rover during the first two lunar days. We found a signal penetration at the CE-4 landing site that is much greater than that at the CE-3 site.

Descent trajectory reconstruction and landing site positioning of Chang'E-4 on the lunar farside.

Chang'E-4 (CE-4) was the first mission to accomplish the goal of a successful soft landing on the lunar farside. The landing trajectory and the location of the landing site can be effectively reconstructed and determined using series of images obtained during descent when there were no Earth-based radio tracking and the telemetry data. Here we reconstructed the powered descent trajectory of CE-4 using photogrammetrically processed images of the CE-4 landing camera, navigation camera, and terrain data of Chang'E-2.

Chang'E-4 initial spectroscopic identification of lunar far-side mantle-derived materials.

Over 60 years of spacecraft exploration has revealed that the Earth's Moon is characterized by a lunar crust dominated by the mineral plagioclase, overlying a more mafic (richer in iron and magnesium) mantle of uncertain composition. Both crust and mantle formed during the earliest stages of lunar evolution when late-stage accretional energy caused a molten rock (magma) ocean, flotation of the light plagioclase, sinking of the denser iron-rich minerals, such as olivine and pyroxene, and eventually solidification. Very large impact craters can potentially penetrate through the crust and sample the lunar mantle.

Computational imaging from non-uniform degradation of staggered TDI thermal infrared imager.

For the Time Delay Integration (TDI) staggered line-scanning thermal infrared imager, a Computational Imaging (CI) approach is developed to achieve higher spatial resolution images. After a thorough analysis of the causes of non-uniform image displacement and degradation for multi-channel staggered TDI arrays, the study aims to approach one-dimensional (1D) sub-pixel displacement estimation and superposition of images from time-division multiplexing scanning lines. Under the assumption that a thermal image is 2D piecewise C(2) smooth, a sparse-and-smooth deconvolution algorithm with L1-norm regularization terms combining the first and second order derivative operators is proposed to restore high frequency components and to suppress aliasing simultaneously.

Super-resolution reconstruction based on incoherent optical aperture synthesis.

Based on incoherent optical synthetic aperture, a super-resolution reconstruction method is proposed with pixel-wise phase correlation superposition and sparse a priori constraints deconvolution. A "full spatial-frequency" image is synthesized from multiview low resolution images captured from successive exposures of a single focus plane array with shift-motion over a short range. Owing to a displacement matrix of 1/30th pixel accuracy and high-order differential L1 norm sparse regularization, the experimental results show that this approach achieves a state-of-the-art result with a resolution gain factor of about 3.

Determination of Baylisascaris schroederi infection in wild giant pandas by an accurate and sensitive PCR/CE-SSCP method.

It has been recognized that other than habitat loss, degradation and fragmentation, the infection of the roundworm Baylisascaris schroederi (B. schroederi) is one of the major causes of death in wild giant pandas. However, the prevalence and intensity of the parasite infection has been inconsistently reported through a method that uses sedimentation-floatation followed by a microscope examination.