Is moderate resistance training adequate for older adults with sarcopenia? A systematic review and network meta-analysis of RCTs.

Background: Resistance training (RT) and nutritional supplementation are recommended for the management of sarcopenia in older adults. However, optimal RT intensity for the treatment of sarcopenia has not been well investigated.

Methods: This network meta-analysis aims to determine the comparative effectiveness of interventions for sarcopenia, taking RT intensity into consideration.

The clinical efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stromal cells for patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objectives: This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigated the usefulness of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to treat patients with COVID-19.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, and Clinicaltrials.gov were searched for RCTs published before November 7, 2021.

The effect of intravenous immunoglobulins on the outcomes of patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objectives: Severe-to-critical COVID-19 has been associated with exaggerated immune responses, and anti-inflammatory agents including corticosteroid and interleukin-6 antagonist have been repurposed as the treatment modality against severe SARS-CoV-2 infections. However, the clinical efficacy and safety of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in the treatment of patients with COVID-19 was controversial.

Methods: This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigated the effectiveness of IVIG in patients with COVID-19.

Comparative safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Backgrounds: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) alone or in combination with chemotherapy (CT) are the standard of care for first-line therapy in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients without actionable mutations. The safety ranking of different ICI and CT combination regimens has not been investigated. This study was aimed to provide a toxicity profile and safety ranking of different ICI and CT combination regimens.

The very small angle neutron scattering instrument at the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

A description and the performance of the very small angle neutron scattering diffractometer at the National Institute of Standards and Technology are presented. The measurement range of the instrument extends over three decades of momentum transfer from 2 × 10 to 0.7 Å.

Effect of sofosbuvir-based treatment on clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the efficacy of sofosbuvir-based antiviral treatment against COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception to 15 August 2021.

Clinical efficacy and safety of interferon-β-containing regimens in the treatment of patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials(RCTs) was to investigate the efficacy of interferon (IFN)-β-containing regimens in treating patients with COVID-19.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception to 17 July 2021.

Clinical efficacy and safety of novel lipoglycopeptides in the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of novel lipoglycopeptides in treating acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs).

Research Design And Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Turning Research into Practice, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception to 20 May 2021.

Anti-MRSA Cephalosporin versus Vancomycin-Based Treatment for Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) compared the clinical efficacy and safety of anti-MRSA cephalosporin and vancomycin-based treatment in treating acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs). PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Turning Research into Practice, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched for relevant articles from inception to 15 June 2020.

Clinical efficacy and safety of Janus kinase inhibitors for COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors for COVID-19 patients.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception to July 12, 2021.

Chemotherapy or chemo-immunotherapy as first-line treatment for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis.

This meta-analysis investigated the clinical benefits of chemo-immunotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Seven randomized controlled trials with a total of 2862 patients were analyzed. Compared with chemotherapy alone, chemo-immunotherapy provided a better progression-free survival (PFS) with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.

MiRNA-20b/SUFU/Wnt axis accelerates gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration and EMT.

Previous research has found that miRNA-20b is highly expressed in gastric cancer (GC), however, its function and underlying mechanism are not clear. Wnt signaling pathway, implicated in tumorigeneisis, is activated in more than 30% of GC. We would like to characterize the biological behavior of miRNA-20b in terms of modulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling and EMT.

SUFU mediates EMT and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation promoted by miRNA-324-5p in human gastric cancer.

The poor prognosis of late gastric carcinomas (GC) underscores the necessity to identify novel biomarkers for earlier diagnosis and effective therapeutic targets. MiRNA-324-5p has been shown to be over-expressed in GC, however the biological function of miRNA-324-5p implicated in gastric cancer and its downstream targets were not well understood. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is aberrantly regulated in GC.

Electric Field Imaging Using Polarized Neutrons.

We experimentally demonstrate that electrically neutral particles, neutrons, can be used to directly visualize the electrostatic field inside a target volume that can be physically isolated or occupied. Electric field images are obtained using a spin-polarized neutron beam with a recently developed polarimetry method for polychromatic beams that permits detection of a small angular change in spin orientation. This Letter may enable a new diagnostic technique sensitive to the structure of electric potential, electric polarization, charge distribution, and dielectric constant by imaging spatially dependent electric fields in objects that cannot be accessed by other probes.

LABA/LAMA fixed-dose combinations LAMA monotherapy in the prevention of COPD exacerbations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) monotherapy is recommended for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with high risk of exacerbations. It is unclear whether long-acting β2-agonist (LABA)/LAMA fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) are more effective than LAMAs alone in preventing exacerbations. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature to investigate whether LABA/LAMA FDCs are more effective than LAMA monotherapy in preventing exacerbations.

miRNA-192 and -215 activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in gastric cancer via APC.

Although great progress has been made in surgical techniques, traditional radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, gastric cancer (GC) is still the most common malignant tumor and has a high mortality, which highlights the importance of novel diagnostic markers. Emerging studies suggest that different microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in tumorigenesis of GC. In this study, we found that miRNA-192 and -215 are significantly upregulated in GC and promote cell proliferation and migration.

Generation and detection of spin-orbit coupled neutron beams.

Spin-orbit coupling of light has come to the fore in nanooptics and plasmonics, and is a key ingredient of topological photonics and chiral quantum optics. We demonstrate a basic tool for incorporating analogous effects into neutron optics: the generation and detection of neutron beams with coupled spin and orbital angular momentum. The He neutron spin filters are used in conjunction with specifically oriented triangular coils to prepare neutron beams with lattices of spin-orbit correlations, as demonstrated by their spin-dependent intensity profiles.

Quantum critical behavior in Ce(FeRu)Ge.

Systems with embedded magnetic ions that exhibit a competition between magnetic order and disorder down to absolute zero can display unusual low-temperature behaviors of the resistivity, susceptibility, and specific heat. Moreover, the dynamic response of such a system can display hyperscaling behavior in which the relaxation back to equilibrium when an amount of energy is given to the system at temperature only depends on the ratio . Ce(FeRu)Ge is a system that displays these behaviors.

Inhibition of miR‑194 suppresses the Wnt/β‑catenin signalling pathway in gastric cancer.

A mounting body of evidence has revealed that microRNAs (miRs) serve pivotal roles in various developmental processes, and in tumourigenesis, by binding to target genes and subsequently regulating gene expression. Continued activation of the Wnt/β‑catenin signalling is positively associated with human malignancy. In addition, miR‑194 dysregulation has been implicated in gastric cancer (GC); however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of miR‑194 on GC carcinogenesis remain to be elucidated.

Long-acting beta2-agonists versus long-acting muscarinic antagonists in patients with stable COPD: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Several long-acting bronchodilators have been developed and are widely used as first-line treatment in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the initial choice of therapy is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to examine the clinical efficacy and safety of long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) and long-acting beta2-agonist (LABA) in patients with stable COPD.