Scorpion Venom Heat-Resistant Synthesized Peptide Increases Stress Resistance and Extends the Lifespan of the Insulin/IGF-1-Like Signal Pathway.

Improving healthy life expectancy by targeting aging-related pathological changes has been the spotlight of geroscience. Scorpions have been used in traditional medicine in Asia and Africa for a long time. We have isolated heat-resistant peptides from scorpion venom of Buthusmartensii Karsch (SVHRP) and found that SVHRP can attenuate microglia activation and protect () against β-amyloid toxicity.

Clinical Application and Influencing Factor Analysis of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing (mNGS) in ICU Patients With Sepsis.

Objective: To analyze the clinical application and related influencing factors of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in patients with sepsis in intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: The study included 124 patients with severe sepsis admitted to the ICU in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2020 to September 2021. Two experienced clinicians took blood mNGS and routine blood cultures of patients meeting the sepsis diagnostic criteria within 24 hours after sepsis was considered, and collection the general clinical data.

Structural integrity is essential for the protective effect of mitochondrial transplantation against UV-induced cell death.

Mitochondrial transplantation (MT) is a new technology developed in recent years, which injects healthy mitochondria directly into damaged tissues or blood vessels to play a therapeutic role. This technology has been studied in many animal models of various diseases including myocardial ischemia, cerebral stroke, liver and lung injury, and even has been successfully used in the treatment of childhood heart disease. MT can quickly improve tissue function within a few minutes after injection.

Research advances of N6-methyladenosine in diagnosis and therapy of pancreatic cancer.

Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the addition of a methyl group on the N6 position of adenosine and is the most prevalent and abundant epigenetic modification in eukaryote mRNA. m6A marks are added to mRNA by the m6A methyltransferase complex ("writers"), removed by m6A demethylases ("erasers"), and recognized by m6A-binding proteins ("readers"). Recent evidence has shown that the m6A modification plays a crucial role in the pathogenic mechanism and malignant progression of pancreatic cancer, with roles in cell survival, proliferation, migration, invasion, tumor metastasis, and drug resistance.

Copper-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Cascade Cyclization of Propargylic Cyclic Carbonates/Carbamates with Pyridinium 1,4-Zwitterionic Thiolates to Fused Polyheterocyclic Structures.

A copper-catalyzed decarboxylative cascade cyclization of propargylic cyclic carbonates/carbamates with pyridinium 1,4-zwitterionic thiolates is developed. A range of fused polyheterocyclic compounds are obtained in moderate to good yields with excellent diastereoselectivities. Of particular note is that four new bonds (two C-C, one C-O/N, one C-S) and four new stereocenters could be efficiently embedded into the tetracyclic fused scaffolds in a single step.

Determination of intrinsic defects of functional KDP crystals with flawed surfaces and their effect on the optical properties.

A practically nonlinear optical material, the functional KHPO (KDP) crystal, has an extremely low laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) due to manufacturing-induced surface defects. The low LIDT induced by these surface defects of KDP crystals hinders their application in laser fusion facilities. Herein, the effect of intrinsic point defects introduced by manufacturing-induced lateral cracks on laser damage was particularly investigated by a combination of spectral detection (, photoluminescence, Raman and Fourier transformed infrared spectra) and first-principles calculation.

Nickel-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling of indole-3-acetic acids with aryl bromides by convergent paired electrolysis.

Herein, nickel-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling of indole-3-acetic acids with aryl bromides by convergent paired electrolysis was developed in an undivided cell. This protocol features good functional group tolerance, and is chemical redox agent- and sacrificial electrode-free. Mechanistic studies indicated that the base was crucial for the decarboxylation step and a Ni/Ni catalytic cycle was involved in this transformation.

Fingerprinting of Volatile Organic Compounds for the Geographical Discrimination of Rice Samples from Northeast China.

Rice's geographic origin and variety play a vital role in commercial rice trade and consumption. However, a method for rapidly discriminating the geographical origins of rice from a different region is still lacking. Therefore, the current study developed a volatile organic compound (VOC) based geographical discrimination method using headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-GC-MS) to discriminate rice samples from Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning provinces.

The effect of dietary awareness on household food waste.

How to reduce household food waste has emerged as an important issue worldwide. Considering the potential endogeneity issue, the present study utilizes the treatment effects model to analyse the effect of dietary awareness on household food waste using data from China. The results showed that improving dietary awareness could significantly increase household food waste overall.

Copper-Catalyzed Umpolung of -2,2,2-Trifluoroethylisatin Ketimines for the Enantioselective 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition with Benzo[]thiophene Sulfones.

A copper-catalyzed umpolung of -2,2,2-trifluoroethylisatin ketimines for the enantioselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with benzo[]thiophene sulfones was developed. Using a catalyst system consisting of an (,)-Bu-Phosferrox ligand, Cu(OTf), and CsCO, a range of pentacyclic spirooxindoles containing pyrrolidine and benzo[]sulfolane subunits were obtained in high efficiency with excellent regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivites under mild conditions. The practicality and versatility of the reaction were also demonstrated.

Experiments about the removal of supersaturated total dissolved gas from water environment by activated carbon adsorption.

Water environment conditions directly support aquatic life. It is important to maintain a suitable water environment to improve the efficient use of water resources. Supersaturation of total dissolved gas (TDG) in the water will cause fish suffer from gas bubble disease and even mortalities.

Prediction model and application of machine learning for supersaturated total dissolved gas generation in high dam discharge.

Supersaturation of total dissolved gas (TDG) caused by high dam discharge is an ecological risk that cannot be ignored in the operation of hydropower stations. The establishment of an efficient and concise TDG generation prediction model is of great significance to the water ecology and water environment protection of hydropower development reaches. The flow conditions and the process of water-gas mass transfer in discharge and energy dissipation are very complicated and difficult to observe in the field, bringing difficulties to the establishment of prediction model and parameter calibration.

Cu-Catalyzed Asymmetric 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of -2,2,2-Trifluoroethylisatin Ketimines Enables the Desymmetrization of -Arylmaleimides: Access to Enantioenriched FC-Containing Octahydropyrrolo[3,4-]pyrroles.

With a Cu(OTf)/chiral ferrocenyl P,N-ligand complex as a catalyst, the enantioselective desymmetrization of -arylmaleimides was successfully realized by taking advantage of the asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction of -2,2,2-trifluoroethylisatin ketimines. A series of structurally diverse FC-containing octahydropyrrolo[3,4-]pyrroles, bearing four contiguous carbon stereocenters and one stereogenic chiral C-N axial bond, were obtained with excellent results (≤99% yield, >20:1 dr, and 99% ee).

Cost-effectiveness analysis of vonoprazan versus proton pump inhibitors in the treatment of reflux esophagitis in China.

Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been recommended as standard of care for reflux esophagitis (RE). Vonoprazan (VPZ), a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker (P-CAB), has been approved in China after demonstrating clinical benefit in RE. However, there are not any published literature reported the cost-effectiveness of VPZ compared with PPI in Chinese healthcare setting.

Deepened snow loosens temporal coupling between plant and microbial N utilization and induces ecosystem N losses.

Seasonal differences in plant and microbial nitrogen (N) acquisition are believed to be a major mechanism that maximizes ecosystem N retention. There is also a concern that climate change may interrupt the delicate balance in N allocation between plants and microbes. Yet, convincing experimental evidence is still lacking.

Novel Soy Peptide CBP: Stimulation of Osteoblast Differentiation via TβRI-p38-MAPK-Depending RUNX2 Activation.

DEDEQIPSHPPR, the calcium-binding peptide (CBP) identified in soy yogurt, was proven to be a potential cofactor in osteoporosis prevention in our previous study, but the mechanism was unknown. In this study, the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN), the regulation of RUNX2, and the expression of TβRI were investigated to elucidate the underlying mechanism. The results show that CBP upregulated ALP activity and OCN concentration and increased the expression of RUNX2 and the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway.

Self-Supervised Enhancement for Named Entity Disambiguation via Multimodal Graph Convolution.

Named entity disambiguation (NED) finds the specific meaning of an entity mention in a particular context and links it to a target entity. With the emergence of multimedia, the modalities of content on the Internet have become more diverse, which poses difficulties for traditional NED, and the vast amounts of information make it impossible to manually label every kind of ambiguous data to train a practical NED model. In response to this situation, we present MMGraph, which uses multimodal graph convolution to aggregate visual and contextual language information for accurate entity disambiguation for short texts, and a self-supervised simple triplet network (SimTri) that can learn useful representations in multimodal unlabeled data to enhance the effectiveness of NED models.

SSA-Net: Spatial self-attention network for COVID-19 pneumonia infection segmentation with semi-supervised few-shot learning.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) broke out at the end of 2019, and has resulted in an ongoing global pandemic. Segmentation of pneumonia infections from chest computed tomography (CT) scans of COVID-19 patients is significant for accurate diagnosis and quantitative analysis. Deep learning-based methods can be developed for automatic segmentation and offer a great potential to strengthen timely quarantine and medical treatment.

Catalytic Mechanism of Oxygen Vacancies in Perovskite Oxides for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Defective materials have been demonstrated to possess adsorptive and catalytic properties in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, which can effectively solve the problems of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) shuttle and sluggish conversion kinetics during charging and discharging of Li-S batteries. However, there is still a lack of research on the quantitative relationship between the defect concentration and the adsorptive-catalytic performance of the electrode. In this work, perovskites Sr Ti Mn O (STMn ) (x = 0.

Event-Triggered Adaptive Output-Feedback Control of Switched Stochastic Nonlinear Systems With Actuator Failures: A Modified MDADT Method.

This article investigates the adaptive event-triggered output-feedback control problem for a class of switched stochastic nonlinear systems with actuator faults. In the existing works, the developed results on adaptive control for switched stochastic nonlinear systems are almost based on the average dwell-time method, and how to construct a desired adaptive controller in the frame of the mode-dependent average dwell time (MDADT) remains a control dilemma. By presenting a general adaptive control rule based on the MDADT, this article implements the adaptive output-feedback control for the switched stochastic system under interest.

Organocatalyzed asymmetric dearomative 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 2-nitrobenzofurans and N-2,2,2-trifluoroethylisatin ketimines.

A readily available chiral cyclohexanediamine-derived bifunctional tertiary amine-squaramide catalyst is more effective for the asymmetric dearomative 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 2-nitrobenzofurans and N-2,2,2-trifluoroethylisatin ketimines. A range of structurally diverse spiro-fused polyheterocyclic compounds containing oxindole, pyrrolidine, and hydrobenzofuran motifs were smoothly obtained in excellent results (up to 99% yield, >20:1 dr in all cases and up to 99% ee). This method features high efficiency, mild reaction conditions, exquisite asymmetric induction, wide functional group tolerance, great potential for scale-up synthesis, and attractive product diversification.

Insights into the Interactions Between Root Phenotypic Traits and the Rhizosphere Bacterial Community.

The root phenotypic traits have been considered as important factors in shaping the rhizosphere microbiome and regulating plant growth. However, the relationships between root phenotypic traits and the rhizosphere bacterial community remain unclear. We investigated two fields with different developing tobacco roots by a long-term positioning test in Hengshi.

Access to 4-Trifluoromethyl Quinolines via Cu-Catalyzed Annulation Reaction of Ketone Oxime Acetates with -Trifluoroacetyl Anilines under Redox-Neutral Conditions.

An efficient Cu-catalyzed annulation reaction of ketone oxime acetates with -trifluoroacetyl anilines has been disclosed. With the developed protocol, a series of 4-trifluoromethyl quinolines were obtained in good to excellent yields (58-99%) under redox-neutral conditions. The protocol also could be extended to ferrocene-based ketone oxime acetates for the construction of ferrocene-substituted fluorine-containing quinolines.