Association between non-insulin-based insulin resistance surrogate makers and Helicobacter pylori infection: a population-based study.

Background: Current evidence on the associations between insulin resistance (IR) and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between non-insulin-based surrogate markers of IR, including the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, and the metabolic score for IR (METS-IR), and H.

L-selectin Promotes Migration, Invasion and Inflammatory Response of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes in Rheumatoid Arthritis via NF-kB Signaling Pathway.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the synovium and progressive joint damage. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) exhibit excessive proliferative and aggressive phenotypes and play a major role in the pathophysiology of RA. Previous studies have confirmed the pathologic role of L-selectin in cell adhesion and migration.

CNPY2 modulates senescence-associated secretory phenotype in tendon stem/progenitor cells.

Age-related diseases are often linked to chronic inflammation. Senescent cells secrete inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and matrix metalloproteinases, collectively referred to as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The current study discovered that aging leads to the accumulation of senescent tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) in tendon tissue, resulting in the development of a SASP.

The Predictive Value of TyG Index and NLR for Risk of CHD and the Severity of Coronary Artery Lesions in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: There is a paucity of research examining the Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in relation to the onset and severity of coronary heart disease (CHD) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aims to explore the relationship between these biomarkers and the risk of CHD in T2DM patients and clarify their association with the CHD severity.

Methods: A total of 518 patients with T2DM who underwent coronary angiography (CAG) were included and categorized into either the T2DM group or the T2DM combined with CHD group based on the angiographic findings.

Comparing simple and functional jejunal interposition with preserved duodenal passage after total gastrectomy.

Objective: This prospective randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the effectiveness of functional jejunal interposition (FJI) and simple jejunal interposition (SJI) as reconstruction methods following total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. The study assessed primary endpoints such as nutritional status and quality of life, as well as secondary endpoints including operative time, intraoperative blood loss, perioperative and postoperative complications, and survival rate.

Methods: A total of 113 patients were randomly assigned to either the FJI group or the SJI group.

Using machine learning to develop a stacking ensemble learning model for the CT radiomics classification of brain metastases.

The objective of this study was to explore the potential of machine-learning techniques in the automatic identification and classification of brain metastases from a radiomic perspective, aiming to improve the accuracy of tumor volume assessment for radiotherapy. By using various machine-learning algorithms, including random forest, support vector machine, gradient boosting machine, XGBoost, decision tree, artificial neural network, k-nearest neighbors, LightGBM, and CatBoost algorithms, a stacking ensemble model was developed to classify gross tumor volume (GTV), brainstem, and normal brain tissue based on radiomic features. Multiple evaluation metrics, including the specificity, sensitivity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value, accuracy, Matthews correlation coefficient, and the Youden index, were used to assess the model's performance.

The causes of pulmonary hypertension and the benefits of aerobic exercise for pulmonary hypertension from an integrated perspective.

Pulmonary hypertension is a progressive disease of the pulmonary arteries that begins with increased pulmonary artery pressure, driven by progressive remodeling of the small pulmonary arteries, and ultimately leads to right heart failure and death. Vascular remodeling is the main pathological feature of pulmonary hypertension, but treatments for pulmonary hypertension are lacking. Determining the process of vascular proliferation and dysfunction may be a way to decipher the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension.

Uninvolved liver dose prediction in stereotactic body radiation therapy for liver cancer based on the neural network method.

Background: The quality of a radiotherapy plan often depends on the knowledge and expertise of the plan designers.

Aim: To predict the uninvolved liver dose in stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for liver cancer using a neural network-based method.

Methods: A total of 114 SBRT plans for liver cancer were used to test the neural network method.

The crosstalk between efflux pump and resistance gene mutation in .

Efflux pumps play a crucial role in the development of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between efflux pump gene expression and resistance gene mutations in . Twenty-six clinical strains with varying resistance characteristics were selected for further experiment.

Dual-Barb Microneedle with JAK/STAT Inhibitor-Loaded Nanovesicles Encapsulation for Tendinopathy.

Tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) are crucial for tendon repair, regeneration, and homeostasis. Dysfunction of TSPCs, due to aberrant activation of the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway, contributes to tendinopathy. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of conventional subcutaneous injection targeting at suppressing JAK/STAT signaling pathway is limited due to the passive diffusion of drugs away from the injury site.

Efficacy and Safety of Kuoxin Formula in the Treatment of Dilated Cardiomyopathy-Related Heart Failure: Study Protocol of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multi-Center Clinical Trial.

Background: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a severe heterogeneous cardiomyopathy characterized by cardiac enlargement and declining heart function, often leading to refractory heart failure and life-threatening outcomes, particularly prevalent in China. The challenge lies in the scarcity of targeted therapies with substantial efficacy for DCM. Additionally, traditional anti-heart failure drugs are constrained due to hypotension propensity or limited symptom improvement.

IGF2BP2 regulates the inflammation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes via GSTM5 in rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease with an unknown etiology. RA cannot be fully cured and requires lengthy treatment, imposing a significant burden on both individuals and society. Due to the lack of specific drugs available for treating RA, exploring a key new therapeutic target for RA is currently an important task.

Cartilage stem/progenitor cells-derived exosomes facilitate knee cartilage repair in a subacute osteoarthritis rat model.

Cartilage defects in the knee are often associated with the progression of degenerative osteoarthritis (OA), and cartilage repair is a useful strategy for managing this disease. However, cartilage repair is challenging because of the unique environment within the tissue. Recently, stem cell-based therapies have shed new light on this issue.

The impact of grandparenting on mental health among rural middle-aged and older adults in China: exploring the role of children's support.

Objectives: In the rural regions of China, characterized by a pronounced aging demographic and limited resources, a substantial proportion of middle-aged and older adults engage in grandparenting roles. Yet, the literature lacks consistent evidence regarding the effects of grandparenting on the mental health of this cohort. Accordingly, this study aimed to explore the impact of grandparenting on the mental health of rural middle-aged and older adults, as well as the underlying mechanisms.

Revisiting the association between grandparenting and mental health in China: New evidence from the harmonized CHARLS.

Background: In the context of the global aging challenge, an increasing number of middle-aged and older adults (MAOAs) are engaging in grandparenting. However, the effect of grandparenting on the mental health of caregivers has shown inconsistent findings. To effectively promote healthy aging, it is imperative to adopt a comprehensive perspective and employ a rigorous approach to further investigate the relationship between these two social phenomena.

Enhancing Older Household Consumption: The Impact of Long-Term Care Insurance in China.

Objectives: Household consumption significantly affects the quality of life and successful aging of older adults. However, prior research has often overlooked the connection between household consumption and long-term care insurance (LTCI). This study aims to investigate the influence of LTCI on consumption patterns within older Chinese households.

Changes in carbohydrate distribution in cotton photosynthetic organs and increase in boll weight reduce yield loss under high temperature.

Yield of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) does not always fall with high temperature (HT) even though this induces significant reductions in fruit retention. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, a greenhouse experiment was conducted with two temperature regimes [control treatment, 28 °C; high temperature (HT), 34 °C] for 7 d. Results showed HT did not significantly influence cotton yield, but reduced boll number and increased boll weight.

Drought decreases cotton fiber strength by altering sucrose flow route.

The potential mechanisms by which drought restricts cotton fiber cell wall synthesis and fiber strength are still not fully understood. Herein, drought experiments were conducted using two cultivars of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), Dexiamian 1 (drought-tolerant) and Yuzaomian 9110 (drought-sensitive). Results showed that drought notably reduced sucrose efflux from cottonseed coats to fibers by down-regulating the expression of GhSWEET10 and GhSWEET15 in outer cottonseed coats, leading to enhanced sucrose accumulation in cottonseed coats but decreased sucrose accumulation in fibers.

ALOX5 drives the pyroptosis of CD4 T cells and tissue inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis.

Pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of programmed cell death, is linked to the pathology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying pyroptosis in T cells isolated from patients with RA. Compared with healthy individuals, patients with RA had more pyroptotic CD4 T cells in blood and synovia, which correlated with clinical measures of disease activity.

Filial piety and older adult caregiving among Chinese and Chinese-American families in the United States: a concept analysis.

Background: The culturally sensitive nursing practice has not embedded filial piety as a cultural value and stance pertaining to caregiving among aging Chinese and Chinese-American (CCA) families in the United States, yet it is critical for healthy aging among CCAs.

Purpose: To understand filial piety when caring for aging CCAs and conceptualize an operational definition and framework.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO databases.

Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 regulates CD4 T cells pyroptosis in rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive autoimmune disease with a complex pathogenesis that has not yet been fully elucidated, and T-cell pyroptosis is an important pathogenetic factor in RA. This study aimed to investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 (ERAP2) in the pyroptosis of CD4 T cells in RA and the specific molecular mechanism.

Methods: Peripheral venous blood was collected from human subjects, and CD4 T cells were isolated and activated to measure the level of pyroptosis and ERAP2 expression.

Upregulation of miR-21-5p rescues the inhibition of cardiomyocyte proliferation induced by high glucose through negative regulation of .

Increasing evidence shows that maternal hyperglycemia inhibits cardiomyocyte (CM) proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis during fetal heart development, which leads to cardiac dysplasia. Accumulating evidence suggests that the overexpression of miR-21 in CMs has a protective role in cardiac function. Therefore, we investigated whether miR-21 can rescue CM injury caused by high glucose.

Effects of bone mineral density at the lateral sclerotic boundary on the femoral head collapse onset in osteonecrosis of the femoral head: A preliminary study.

Background: In the natural course of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, sclerotic changes at the boundary of necrotic lesion gradually occur until femoral head collapse. This study aims to examine the effects of bone mineral density at the lateral boundary of necrotic lesion on a subsequent femoral head collapse.

Methods: We developed patient-specific finite element models of 9 hips with subsequent collapse and 10 hips without subsequent collapse.