PEI-SWNT improves RNAi efficiency in Locusta migratoria via dsRNA injection delivery system.

The instability of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) restricts the application of RNA interference (RNAi) technology in agricultural pest management. Various types of nanocarriers have been developed and employed for the stable delivery of dsRNA. Nonetheless, it remains unclear which type of nanomaterial could deliver dsRNA stably and efficiently for gene knockdown in Locusta migratoria.

Insecticidal effect and mechanism of Metarhizium anisopliae ZHKUJGZ1 against Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).

The red imported fire ant (RIFA), Solenopsis invicta Buren, poses threats to biodiversity, public safety, agriculture, and the economy, especially as global trade expands its reach into China. To address this, researchers screened fungal isolates from soil in Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, aiming to develop a biopesticide against RIFA. Metarhizium anisopliae, known for its biocontrol potential, was identified as a candidate.

Pepper feeding derivative Brucella sp. in the gut of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) affect the growth and development of host larvae.

BLTY is a pepper cultivar that has resistance to young larvae of Spodoptera litura Fabricius, whereas FXBX is a pepper cultivar suitable for the growth of S. litura larvae. The obtained microbiomics data suggest that the BLTY leaves fed S.

Targets selection and field evaluation of an RNA biopesticide to control Phyllotreta striolata.

Phyllotreta striolata is a major insect pest that threatens vegetable crops worldwide. Recently, its increasing resistance to chemical pesticides underscores the urgent need for novel control strategies. This study explores the potential of RNA biopesticides for managing P.

Cardiovascular disease-specific and all-cause mortality across socioeconomic status and lifestyles among patients with established cardiovascular disease in communities of China: data from a national population-based cohort.

Background: Evidence of socioeconomic status (SES)-related health inequality is scarce in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) who need both lifestyle change and medical care, particularly in developing countries.

Methods: The study employed a nationwide population-based cohort design, covering all 31 provinces of Chinese mainland from September 2014 to March 2021. Participants aged 35-75 years with self-reported CVD diagnoses were included.

Monitoring the KMT2A gene post-chemotherapy independently predicts the relapse and survival risk after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

This study evaluated the kinetics of KMT2A-r during chemotherapy and its impact on allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) outcomes. KMT2A-r was assessed post-induction (MRD1), after the first (MRD2) and second (MRD3) consolidations and pre-transplant (MRD4) in 52 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). KMT2A-r significantly decreased from diagnosis to MRD2 (p < 0.

Dissociation of Structural and Functional Connectivity and Metabolism in the Neocortex of Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy: A Simultaneous PET/MRI Multimodal Study.

Background And Purpose: Idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) accounts for approximately 20% of epilepsy cases. Characterized by generalized spike-wave discharge, IGE is increasingly recognized as a network disorder with potential metabolic underpinnings. This study leverages the advantages of simultaneous PET/MRI, which enables the concurrent acquisition of MRI and PET data, to integrate structural connectivity (SC), functional connectivity (FC), and glucose metabolism into a unified framework.

Status of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Clinical Application and Scientific Research: A National Survey in China.

Background: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is rapidly expanding in China, yet comprehensive national data on its clinical application and research status are limited. This study aims to evaluate the current landscape of CMR across the country.

Methods: An electronic survey was conducted targeting two groups: physicians trained at the Fuwai Fellowship Program and members of the Chinese Society of Radiology.

Multi-functional Memantine Nitrate Attenuated Cognitive Impairment in Models of Vascular Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease through Neuroprotection and Increased Cerebral Blood Flow.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are two prevalent forms of dementia. VaD is linked to cerebrovascular lesions, such as those from white matter ischemia and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, which can also occur in AD. Nitric oxide (NO) regulates cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the central nervous system.

Efficient synthesis of high-active multi-subunit hemoglobins through balanced expression of globins and robust heme-supply in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The biosynthesis of multi-subunit hemoglobins that can be used in artificial oxygen carriers, artificial foods and medical diagnostics has become a hot research issue. However, the imbalanced expression of different subunits and insufficient heme-supply limit the efficient production of multi-subunit hemoglobins. After the equalized synthesis of different globins through the regulation at transcriptional and translational levels, the improvement of heme-supply by relieving the feedback inhibition of heme on Hem1p and the enhancement of key rate-limiting enzymes in yeast, a robust platform for the expression of high-active hemoglobins was constructed.

Competitive inhibition of family GH5 Aspergillus niger endo-glucanase A (AnglA5) by rice xylanase inhibitor (RIXI): Experimental and in silico insights.

In this study, we heterologously expressed the GH5 family endo-β-1,4-glucanase A (AnglA5) from Aspergillus niger in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The recombinant AnglA5 (reAnglA5) demonstrated optimal activity at 50 °C and pH 5.0, with Mn markedly enhancing catalytic efficiency, whereas Cu showed potent inhibitory effects.

Characterization of quercetin-ovalbumin complexes stabilizing emulsions: A perspective on the complex binding mechanism.

Ovalbumin (OVA) is widely used in the food industry for its extremely rich nutritional value and special functional properties. Quercetin (Q) is a polyphenol with antioxidant and antibacterial properties. However, due to poor water solubility, the bioavailability of Q is greatly reduced.

Ilex asprella polysaccharides alleviate liver injury via antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and gut microbiota modulating effect.

Ilex asprella, a valued plant traditionally used as food and medicine, is recognized for its effect on liver protection. Polysaccharides, as the key active components in Ilex asprella (IAP), its biological activities are still unexplored. Therefore, this study investigated the preventive effects of IAP on liver injury in vivo.

Construction of recyclable poly(ionic liquid)-alginate hydroplastic based on dynamic ionic bonds.

The current methods of plastic production and disposal are unsustainable, presenting significant environmental risks. Although eco-friendly processing holds promise for mitigating these challenges, overcoming the associated technological obstacles remains a critical issue. Herein, we developed a hydroplastic material, PIL-Alg plastic, synthesized through the interaction of polyionic liquids (PILs) and sodium alginate.

Enhanced and sustainable advanced nitrogen removal in mixotrophic systems using pyrite and solid carbon source.

Utilizing widespread minerals/solid wastes as electron donors for denitrification is conducive to sustainable wastewater treatment. The current denitrification technologies based on single pyrite/solid carbon sources have problems of limited removal efficiency or unstable carbon release. In this study, two continuous biofilters, pyrite-corncob mixotrophic system (R) and pyrite-polybutylene succinate mixotrophic system (R), were conducted and operated steadily for a long period (>326 d).

Altered resting-state brain activity in patients with major depression disorder and bipolar disorder: A regional homogeneity analysis.

Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Bipolar Disorder (BD) exhibit overlapping depressive symptoms, complicating their differentiation in clinical practice. Traditional neuroimaging studies have focused on specific regions of interest, but few have employed whole-brain analyses like regional homogeneity (ReHo). This study aims to differentiate MDD from BD by identifying key brain regions with abnormal ReHo and using advanced machine learning techniques to improve diagnostic accuracy.

Piezo1 specific deletion in macrophage protects the progression of chronic inflammatory bowel disease in mice.

Background &aims: Piezo1, a recently identified mechanically-activated nonselective cation channel protein, demonstrates sensitivity to various mechanical stimuli, such as matrix stiffness and shear stress. While accumulating evidence implicates Piezo1 channels in numerous physiological and pathophysiological processes, its involvement in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute and chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Piezo1 channels in macrophage polarization and its associated functions in IBD.

Protection conferred by mucosal novel bivalent Klebsiella pneumoniae vaccine immunization associates with presence of lung CD4 T.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is the principal cause of hospital-acquired infection with a high morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised individuals, yet no vaccine is approved. Here, we developed a novel bivalent subunit vaccine for the prevention of K. pneumoniae infection based on the outer membrane protein GlnH and the fimbriae protein FimA.

Ermiao San attenuating Rheumatoid Arthritis via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling activate HIF-1α induced glycolysis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: As a classic formula, Ermiao San (EMS) characterized by its less medicinal flavor and strong potency had been proven to be effective and safe in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) during clinical experience and our previous research.

Aim Of The Study: The therapeutic characteristics of multi-component and multi-target of traditional Chinese medicine prompted us to further investigated the effective compounds of EMS, and evaluated its potential mechanisms in treating RA.

Materials And Methods: Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS) was used to analyze the primary absorption components of EMS in rat serum, with secondary mass spectrometry used to assist in identifying the structures of the compounds.

Decreased brain interstitial fluid dynamics is associated with risk of Alzheimer's disease-related cognitive decline.

Background: Diffusion-tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (ALPS) index that has the potential to reflect brain interstitial fluid (ISF) dynamics may predict the development of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). We aimed to study whether brain ISF dynamics indicated by the ALPS index relate to AD dementia diagnosis and AD-related changes.

Methods: This study included a discovery cohort (n = 180) and a validation cohort (n = 127), which were composed of cognitively normal, subjective memory concern, mild cognitive impairment, and AD dementia subjects.

Ultrasonic head-mounted device spatiotemporal opening blood-brain barrier enhances the brain permeation of drugs for treatment of radiation-induced brain injury.

The field of physical therapy is advancing and using focused ultrasound to deliver drugs into the brain gains growing interest. However, the blood-brain barrier makes it difficult for drugs to enter. Finding safe and efficient physical therapy strategies to complement drug treatments is essential.

Assessing parotid gland tumor perfusion with a new imaging biomarker DDVD (diffusion-derived vessel density): promising initial results.

DDVD (diffusion-derived vessel density) is an MRI surrogate of the area of micro-vessels per unit tissue area. DDVD is calculated according to: DDVD(b0b20) = Sb0/ROIarea0 - Sb20/ROIarea20, where Sb0 and Sb20 refer to the tissue signal when b is 0 or 20 s/mm. This study applied DDVD to assess the perfusion of parotid gland tumors.

Associations between dietary intake of zinc and selenium and breast cancer: findings from a NHANES cross-sectional study.

Background: zinc and selenium are essential trace elements that have been suggested to influence cancer development, but their relationship with breast cancer remains unclear. Additionally, biomarkers such as bilirubin, uric acid, and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) are associated with various metabolic processes that could affect cancer progression. This research aimed to examine the associations between zinc and selenium levels and breast cancer, and the extent to which bilirubin, uric acid and GGT mediate the effect on breast cancer.

Revised Perspective on the AJCC Staging System for Medullary Thyroid Cancer: A Study of Two Nationwide Cohorts.

Background: The current AJCC TNM staging system for medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is largely adapted from criteria for differentiated thyroid cancer, which may not fully capture MTC-specific prognostic factors. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of upper mediastinal lymph node metastasis (LNM) and propose corresponding modifications to the N category and staging system to improve their applicability for MTC.

Methods: We conducted a population-based, retrospective study enrolling patients with MTC from 19 Chinese referral centers.

Risk factors for precocious puberty: A systematic review and meta‑analysis.

Purpose: Precocious puberty (PP) typically refers to the initiation of puberty prior to the age of eight in females and before the age of nine in males. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to pinpoint the risk factors linked to PP, thereby facilitating early diagnosis and timely intervention for individuals at high risk.

Methods: A thorough search was carried out in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase databases up to November 10, 2024.